高中英语（9）教师用书：Unit 2 阶段质量检测 B卷 能力素养提升.pdf

-1-B B 卷卷能力素养提升能力素养提升【说明】【说明】本试卷满分本试卷满分 120120 分，分，考试时间考试时间 100100 分钟分钟.阅读理解阅读理解(共共 1515 小题；小题；每小题每小题 2 2 分，分，满分满分 3030 分分)A A AsAs thethe populationpopulation ofof thethe planetplanet increases,increases,soso doesdoes thethe numbernumber ofof homes,homes,businesses,businesses,parkingparking lots,lots,schools,schools,airportsairports andand roadways.roadways.AllAll thesethese structuresstructures useuse electricityelectricity andand needneed toto bebe lighted.lighted.HumansHumans demanddemand thesethese lights.lights.TheyThey wantwant theirtheir homeshomes moremore comfortablecomfortable andand theythey wantwant theirtheir streetsstreets safer.safer.TheThe problemproblem isis thatthat researchersresearchers areare findingfinding thatthat allall thethe lightlight isis havinghaving a a negativenegative effecteffect onon humanshumans andand wildlifewildlife asas well.well.LessLess thanthan tenten yearsyears agoago I I drovedrove toto a a thinlythinly populatedpopulated sectionsection ofof mymy town,town,laylay downdown inin thethe middlemiddle ofof thethe roadroad andand watchedwatched anan attractiveattractive meteormeteor showershower (流星雨流星雨).).TheThe areaarea waswas shortshort ofof homes,homes,streetstreet lightslights andand traffic.traffic.IfIf I I diddid thatthat today,today,I I wouldnwouldnt t bebe ableable toto seesee thethe meteormeteor showershower asas well.well.DueDue toto thethe increaseincrease inin streetstreet lights,lights,I I wouldwould surelysurely bebe runrun overover byby a a car.car.NowadaysNowadays scientistsscientists areare findingfinding lightlight pollutionpollution cancan bebe almostalmost asas badbad asas carboncarbon dioxidedioxide pollution.pollution.IfIf youyou veve everever takentaken a a flightflight atat night,night,thethe viewview isis beautiful,beautiful,butbut youyou mustmust rememberremember thatthat allall thethe lightlight youyou seesee wasteswastes electricity.electricity.TheThe crewcrew ofof thethe spacespace shuttlesshuttles seesee anan eveneven biggerbigger picturepicture ofof howhow extensiveextensive thethe wastedwasted electricityelectricity isis worldwide.worldwide.OneOne ofof thethe saddestsaddest partsparts ofof lightlight pollutionpollution isis thatthat mostmost ofof itit isis unnecessaryunnecessary andand mostmost ofof thethe outdooroutdoor lightlight thatthat wewe useuse isis wasted.wasted.OneOne onlyonly needsneeds toto looklook atat a a rowrow ofof streetstreet lightslights toto seesee howhow muchmuch ofof thethe lightlight shinesshines upwardsupwards andand lightslights thethe sky;sky;a a totaltotal wastewaste ofof electricity.electricity.Additionally,Additionally,somewheresomewhere electricityelectricity needsneeds toto bebe produced,produced,andand thethe productionproduction ofof electricityelectricity createscreates pollutionpollution byby releasingreleasing greenhousegreenhouse gases.gases.ThisThis affectsaffects thethe airair wewe breathebreathe andand ourour qualityquality ofof life.life.ScientistsScientists areare alsoalso studyingstudying thethe effectseffects ofof lightlight pollutionpollution onon wildlife.wildlife.ThousandsThousands ofof birdsbirds diedie eacheach yearyear whenwhen theythey crashcrash intointo highlyhighly lightedlighted buildings,buildings,asas theythey becomebecome puzzledpuzzled byby thethe light.light.ItIt hashas beenbeen longlong knownknown thatthat tinytiny babybaby seasea turtlesturtles becomebecome lostlost andand followfollow lightslights onon thethe shoreshore insteadinstead ofof headingheading towardstowards thethe sea.sea.Fortunately,Fortunately,lightlight pollutionpollution isis oneone ofof thethe easiesteasiest sourcessources ofof pollutionpollution thatthat cancan bebe correctedcorrected withoutwithout a a negativenegative effect.effect.FollowingFollowing somesome guidelinesguidelines andand a a littlelittle -2-searchingsearching onon GoogleGoogle cancan givegive youyou manymany ideasideas onon howhow toto reducereduce youryour contributionscontributions toto lightlight pollution.pollution.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。谈到污染，你可能会想到空气污染、水污染等。但你有没有语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。谈到污染，你可能会想到空气污染、水污染等。但你有没有意识到光污染所带来的危害呢？意识到光污染所带来的危害呢？1 1ItIt isis impliedimplied inin ParagraphParagraph 3 3 thatthat thethe bestbest wayway toto dealdeal withwith lightlight pollutionpollution isis _._.A Areducingreducing thethe outputoutput ofof thethe lightslights B Bavoidingavoiding thethe useuse ofof unnecessaryunnecessary lightinglighting C Ceducatingeducating peoplepeople aboutabout lightlight pollutionpollution D Dinventinginventing environmentallyfriendlyenvironmentallyfriendly lightslights 解析：解析：选选 B B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中“but“but youyou mustmust rememberremember thatthat allall thethe lightlight youyou seesee wasteswastes electricity”electricity”可知，所有的照明都会浪费电，因此，为了减少光污可知，所有的照明都会浪费电，因此，为了减少光污染，我们在不需要照明的时候就不应该使用。染，我们在不需要照明的时候就不应该使用。故选故选 B B。2 2WhichWhich ofof thethe followingfollowing isis thethe effecteffect ofof lightlight pollution?pollution?A AManyMany animalsanimals speciesspecies havehave dieddied out.out.B BMoreMore traffictraffic accidentsaccidents happenhappen everyevery day.day.C CTheThe airair wewe breathebreathe maymay bebe polluted.polluted.D DItIt isis muchmuch easiereasier forfor usus toto watchwatch meteormeteor showers.showers.解析：解析：选选 C C细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，光污染影响我们赖以生存的空气细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，光污染影响我们赖以生存的空气，影响我们的生活质量。影响我们的生活质量。故故 C C 项正确。根据第六段第二句中项正确。根据第六段第二句中“Thousands“Thousands ofof birdsbirds diedie eacheach year”year”可知可知 A A 项错误；项错误；B B 项在文中没有提到；项在文中没有提到；根据第二段倒数第二句可知根据第二段倒数第二句可知 D D 项错误。项错误。3 3WhatWhat cancan bebe inferredinferred fromfrom thethe text?text?A AWeWe areare almostalmost atat a a lossloss aboutabout howhow toto dealdeal withwith lightlight pollution.pollution.B BGlobalGlobal warmingwarming resultsresults inin lightlight pollutionpollution inin somesome way.way.C CAstronautsAstronauts cancant t seesee clearlyclearly inin spacespace nowadays.nowadays.D DSomeSome animalsanimals useuse naturalnatural lightlight toto directdirect theirtheir movements.movements.解析：解析：选选 D D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“It“It hashas beenbeen longlong knownknown .towardstowards thethe sea.”sea.”可推知，小海龟在爬向海滩时，误将人造光源当成了自然光源，从而迷失了方向可推知，小海龟在爬向海滩时，误将人造光源当成了自然光源，从而迷失了方向。由此可推知，一些动物是靠自然光源来指引其方向的。由此可推知，一些动物是靠自然光源来指引其方向的。故故 D D 项正确。项正确。4 4WhatWhat willwill probablyprobably bebe providedprovided followingfollowing thethe lastlast paragraph?paragraph?A AHelpfulHelpful tipstips forfor surfingsurfing thethe Internet.Internet.B BApproachesApproaches toto decreasingdecreasing lightlight pollution.pollution.C CBenefitsBenefits ofof searchingsearching onon Google.Google.D DMoreMore badbad effectseffects ofof lightlight pollution.pollution.-3-解析解析：选选 B B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，接下来作者会列举一些有助于减推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，接下来作者会列举一些有助于减少光污染的方法。少光污染的方法。故选故选 B B。B B FoodFood isis alwaysalways thethe bestbest weaponweapon toto fightfight againstagainst timetime ratherrather thanthan usingusing cosmeticscosmetics andand healthhealth products.products.TheThe foodfood onon thethe followingfollowing listlist willwill helphelp youyou toto keepkeep fit,fit,maintainmaintain a a healthyhealthy heart,heart,increaseincrease immunityimmunity andand spendspend everydayeveryday happily.happily.AvoidAvoid MemoryMemory LossLoss FreshFresh cheesecheese willwill contributecontribute toto memorymemory improvementimprovement becausebecause ofof itsits linoleiclinoleic acid.acid.ItIt isis alsoalso goodgood forfor youryour bonesbones duedue toto thethe highhigh calciumcalcium level.level.Eggs,Eggs,milk,milk,wholewhole wheatwheat bread,bread,peanutpeanut butter,butter,greengreen pepper,pepper,cauliflower,cauliflower,porkpork liverliver andand oystersoysters areare alsoalso goodgood forfor youryour memory.memory.A A cupcup ofof redred winewine everydayeveryday isis goodgood forfor thethe nervenerve cells.cells.FightFight AgainstAgainst FatFat ChoosingChoosing thethe rightright foodfood isis anan easyeasy wayway toto keepkeep fit,fit,likelike eatingeating tunatuna fish,fish,whichwhich isis lowlow inin sugarsugar andand fatfat andand alsoalso hashas fewfew calories.calories.Furthermore,Furthermore,itit containscontains a a varietyvariety ofof highhigh qualityquality proteinprotein andand otherother nutrients,nutrients,andand itit tastestastes good.good.RichRich inin iron,iron,itit isis especiallyespecially goodgood forfor youngyoung women.women.TunaTuna fishfish isis consideredconsidered toto bebe a a greatgreat sourcesource ofof protein.protein.EatingEating 8585 gramsgrams ofof tunatuna fishfish willwill provideprovide youyou withwith 2020 gramsgrams ofof protein;protein;thereforetherefore youyou dondont t havehave toto worryworry aboutabout gaininggaining weightweight whenwhen youyou eateat it.it.EatingEating tunatuna fishfish isis definitelydefinitely a a goodgood choicechoice toto helphelp keepkeep fit.fit.CleanClean BloodBlood BreakfastBreakfast withwith breadbread andand honeyhoney isis a a wisewise choicechoice forfor women.women.AndAnd thethe darkerdarker thethe honey,honey,thethe betterbetter itit isis forfor you.you.AccordingAccording toto research,research,darkdark honeyhoney isis thethe bestbest protectionprotection forfor humanhuman cellscells asas itit containscontains abundantabundant elementselements withwith antioxidantantioxidant functions.functions.TheThe elementselements foundfound inin honeyhoney willwill helphelp cleanclean youryour bloodblood andand preventprevent cardiaccardiac andand cerebralcerebral diseases.diseases.IfIf youyou likelike toto exerciseexercise inin thethe winter,winter,youyou shouldshould eateat moremore honey.honey.TheThe carbohydratescarbohydrates inin honeyhoney willwill maintainmaintain youryour bloodblood sugarsugar level.level.IncreaseIncrease ImmunityImmunity OrangesOranges containcontain thethe mostmost vitaminvitamin C,C,3030 percentpercent moremore thanthan otherother kindskinds ofof fruit.fruit.TheThe simplestsimplest andand mostmost effectiveeffective wayway toto preventprevent winterwinter coldscolds isis toto eateat oranges.oranges.1 1 oror 2 2 orangesoranges a a dayday willwill satisfysatisfy thethe bodybodys s demanddemand forfor vitaminvitamin C.C.YoungYoung HeartHeart FlavonolFlavonol inin broccolibroccoli floretsflorets cancan makemake peoplepeople strongerstronger andand preventprevent cancer.cancer.ResearchResearch conductedconducted onon 34,00034,000 womenwomen revealedrevealed thatthat flavonolflavonol cancan protectprotect thethe heartheart andand -4-lowerlower myocardialmyocardial infractioninfraction fromfrom happeninghappening byby a a raterate ofof 15152020 percent.percent.However,However,flavonolflavonol inin otherother plantsplants suchsuch asas teatea oror applesapples dodo notnot havehave thisthis ability.ability.OtherOther thanthan broccolibroccoli florets,florets,walnutswalnuts areare alsoalso goodgood forfor thethe heartheart asas theythey containcontain unsaturatedunsaturated fattyfatty acid.acid.BreastBreast ProtectionProtection AccordingAccording toto latestlatest USUS research,research,thethe riskrisk ofof breastbreast cancercancer inin womenwomen whowho eateat anan eggegg everydayeveryday isis 1818 percentpercent lowerlower thanthan thosethose whowho dondont t eateat eggs.eggs.SwedishSwedish scientistsscientists havehave foundfound thatthat ryerye hashas thethe samesame functionfunction asas itit hashas thethe abilityability toto inhibitinhibit thethe growthgrowth ofof cancercancer cells.cells.MaintainMaintain YourYour YouthYouth NotNot everyoneeveryone likeslikes peanutpeanut butter,butter,butbut nono oneone shouldshould neglectneglect itit becausebecause ofof itsits strongstrong antioxidationantioxidation functionsfunctions thatthat comecome fromfrom thethe vitaminvitamin E E itit contains.contains.ItIt isis alsoalso goodgood energyenergy food.food.UnsaturatedUnsaturated fattyfatty acidacid inin peanutpeanut butterbutter cancan helphelp peoplepeople feelfeel fullfull andand thethe carbohydratescarbohydrates inin itit cancan givegive peoplepeople greatergreater physicalphysical strengthstrength andand vigor.vigor.语语篇篇解解读读：本本文文是是一一篇篇说说明明文文。主主要要介介绍绍了了一一些些有有益益身身体体健健康康的的食食物物。5 5WhoWho willwill paypay muchmuch attentionattention toto thisthis passage?passage?A AThoseThose whowho areare sufferingsuffering diseases.diseases.B BThoseThose whowho areare intendedintended toto keepkeep fitfit andand staystay beautiful.beautiful.C CThoseThose whowho areare inin needneed ofof adviceadvice onon health.health.D DThoseThose whowho areare oldold andand inin badbad condition.condition.解析解析：选选 B B推理判断题推理判断题。根据第一段根据第一段“Food“Food isis alwaysalways thethe bestbest weaponweapon toto fightfight againstagainst timetime ratherrather thanthan usingusing cosmeticscosmetics andand healthhealth products”products”和和“help“help youyou toto keepkeep fit,fit,maintainmaintain a a healthyhealthy heart,heart,increaseincrease immunityimmunity andand spendspend everydayeveryday happily”happily”可知答案。可知答案。6 6WhichWhich statementstatement isis TRUE?TRUE?A A OnlyOnly eggs,eggs,milk,milk,wholewhole wheatwheat bread,bread,peanutpeanut butterbutter areare goodgood forfor youryour memory.memory.B BFreshFresh cheesecheese isis alsoalso goodgood forfor youryour bonesbones duedue toto itsits linoleiclinoleic acid.acid.C CA A cupcup ofof redred winewine everydayeveryday cancan avoidavoid memorymemory loss.loss.D DContainingContaining a a varietyvariety ofof highhigh qualityquality proteinprotein andand otherother nutrients,nutrients,TunaTuna fishfish doesndoesnt t tastetaste good.good.解析：解析：选选 C C细节理解题。根据第二段细节理解题。根据第二段“A“A cupcup ofof redred winewine everydayeveryday isis goodgood forfor thethe nervenerve cells.”cells.”和第三段可知答案。和第三段可知答案。7 7IfIf youyou wantwant toto cleanclean youryour blood,blood,whatwhat shouldshould youyou taketake in?in?A AWholeWhole wheatwheat bread.bread.B BHoney.Honey.C CTea.Tea.D DOranges.Oranges.-5-解析：解析：选选 B B细节理解题。根据第四段细节理解题。根据第四段“The“The elementselements foundfound inin honeyhoney willwill helphelp cleanclean youryour blood”blood”可知答案。可知答案。8 8WhatWhat cancan wewe concludeconclude fromfrom thethe lastlast twotwo paragraph?paragraph?A AAllAll ofof usus dondont t likelike peanutpeanut butterbutter thoughthough wewe cancant t neglectneglect it.it.B BEatingEating anan eggegg everyevery dayday cancan inhibitinhibit thethe growthgrowth ofof cancercancer cells.cells.C CPeanutPeanut butterbutter isnisnt t popularpopular becausebecause itit isis goodgood energyenergy food.food.D DTheThe moremore eggs,eggs,thethe lessless riskrisk ofof breastbreast cancer.cancer.解析：解析：选选 A A推理判断题。根据最后两段和最后一段推理判断题。根据最后两段和最后一段“Not“Not everyoneeveryone likeslikes peanutpeanut butter,butter,butbut nono oneone shouldshould neglectneglect it”it”可知答案。可知答案。C C InIn allall thethe worldworld s s cultures,cultures,peoplepeople sing,sing,playplay instruments,instruments,andand celebratecelebrate withwith music.Itmusic.It playsplays suchsuch anan importantimportant rolerole inin ourour livesliv