人教版英语中考复习第一轮语法知识过关—八年级上册1-2单元.docx
人教版英语中考复习第一轮语法知识和交际用语过关 八年级上册第1-2单元语法知识梳理：一、不定代词1、概念：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。2、常见的不定代词有：(1).some , any , no (2).many, much (3).both, all, either, neither, none(4).few, little, a few, a little (5).one, each, every (6).other, the other, others, the others, another (7).由some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词：something, anything, everything, nothing, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one.(1). some和any均表示“一些”，既可代替或修饰可数名词复数，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。some及some构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any及any构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some及some构成的复合不定代词。一些例句：I have some good eating habits. 我拥有一些好的生活习惯。There arent any eggs in the tomato egg soup. 西红柿蛋汤里面没有鸡蛋。Did you buy anything special for yourself ? 你给自己买了什么特别的东西吗？Someone has stolen my wallet , and I have called the police.有人偷走了我的钱包，我已经打电话报警了。特殊情况：Would you like something to drink , I guess you must be thirsty.你想要点喝的吗？我猜你一定口渴了。If you have any problems , you can ask us to help you.如果你有任何问题，可以叫我们帮忙。no一般否定名词、代词，例如：I have no money to buy the CD. No one is here except Tom.no构成的复合不定代词表示否定意义，例如：Nothing is impossible if you try your best.如果你尽最大努力，没有不可能的事情。(2). many和much均表示“很多”， many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。例如：典型考题：1. _ students are there in you class ?A. How much B. How many C. How long D.How far2. There is much _ in the cup.A. banana B. apples C.chickens D.milk(3) . both“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；all“三者或三者以上都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；either“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；neither“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；none“三者或三者以上中任何一个都不”。练习过关：1. _ of us are interested in design（设计）.A. Both B.neither C.Either D.None2. Which one do you think is right , A or B? _ . The correct answer is “C”.A. Both B.neither C.Either D.None3. The teacher asked all of his students to have a rest , but _ stopped to have a rest , they went on learning.A.Both B.neither C.Either D.None4. I wonder why the worker planted trees only on _ side of the roads.A.Both B.neither C.Either D.None5. _ of the passengers agreed to help the driver.A. Both B.neither C.Either D.None(4) .few , a few , little , a littlefew, a few修饰可数名词的复数。few表示几乎没有，a few表示少数little, a little修饰不可数名词。little表示几乎没有，a little表示少数、少量(5). one指代人或物，如果所指代的人或物是复数，则用ones来表达。例如：The bigger T-shirts look cool , but I like smaller ones.又如：Your skirt is beautiful , I want to buy one.(6). each指两者或两者以上的人或物中的“每一个”，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Each of the pictures on the wall is very beautiful.(7). other, the other, others, the others和another都有“别的；其他的”意思。other 不能单独使用，常用来修饰可数名词复数；the other指两者中的另一个；others相当于“other+可数名词复数”，泛指其他一些人或物，常与some连用，构成some . others . 结构；the others表示同类中剩余的全部；another强调同类中的“另一个；又一个”。What other animals do you like?The twins(双胞胎) are popular at school , one is good at sports and the other does well in English.Try your best to help other people(others).I have some soccer balls , some are big and others are small.The dress isnt beautiful , show me another.(8). 由some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Everyone is here , we can have the meeting. (9). 当形容词、else修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时，一般位于复合不定代词的后面。例如：I have something important to tell you.There is nothing else new for me in todays newspaper.二、表示频繁程度的副词叫作频度副词。常见的频度副词有always, sometimes, hardly ever, usually, often, never等。常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：always (总是)usually (通常) often (经常) sometimes (有时) hardly ever (几乎从不) never (从不)。频度副词的位置：常放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，但有些频度副词如often，sometimes等位置比较灵活，还可以放在句首或句尾。Tom usually has nothing for breakfast.She is always late for work.Sometimes Joe writes to me对频度副词及表示事件发生频率的短语提问时，常用how often，“多久一次”。例如：My father hardly ever have time to rest. (对划线部分提问)How often does your father have time to rest?又如：How often do you exercise？回答：I exercise every day. 同学们，以上就是人教版英语八年级上册1-2单元的语法知识和交际用语的复习资料，在对书本知识进行梳理再使用此资料，效果会更明显。英语的学习，态度是关键，复习是为了巩固，坚持不懈最终才能达到量的积累，加油，只要持之以恒，学好英语，指日可待！4学科网（北京）股份有限公司
