小学英语形容词的比较级和最高级1.pptx

会计学1小学英语形容词的比较级和最高级小学英语形容词的比较级和最高级1第1页/共34页用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g.very,early,quickly,etc.He runs fast.Today is very hot.Please read it loudly.第2页/共34页用以修饰名词，表示事物的用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g.long,tall,short，cheap,hungry,etc.一般来说，中文意思是“的”的词是形容词，而中文意思是“地”的词是副词。第3页/共34页形容词比较级用于两者（人或事物）形容词比较级用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个“更更”或或“较较”，后面用连词，后面用连词than连接另一个所比较的人或事物。例如：连接另一个所比较的人或事物。例如：1.That ruler is longer than this one.2.Mary is younger than me(I).“A+be+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+B”意思为意思为“A比比B更更”第4页/共34页 在含有连词在含有连词thanthan的比较级中，前后的比较对的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是象必须是同一范畴同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较，即同类事物之间的比较 *比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行.在比较级前面使用在比较级前面使用muchmuch，表示程度程度，表示程度程度“强强得多得多”。如：如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.very,quite very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。级。第5页/共34页young-yonger-yongest old older-oldest tall-taller-tallest small-smaller-smallestearly-earlier-earliest thirsty-thirstier-thirstiest1.一般情况下在形容词或副词后加一般情况下在形容词或副词后加-er（比较级）或est（最高级）:2.以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，加结尾的形容词，加-r 或或-st4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母y”结尾的形容词，先改结尾的形容词，先改“y”为为“i”，再加，再加-er 或或-est.bigbigger-biggest fatfatter-fattest形容词比较级最高级规则形容词比较级最高级规则nice nicer-nicest safe safer-safest3.重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再再 加加-er或或-est.一一第6页/共34页5.5.部分双音节词或多音节词前面加部分双音节词或多音节词前面加more,most.如:interesting more interesting most interestingfamous more famous most famous第7页/共34页原级比较级最高级good/well betterbestbad/illworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/further farthest/furthest oldolder/elder oldest eldest两好、两好、两坏、两坏、两多、两多、一少、一少、一远一远、一老一老.第8页/共34页Read and compare:younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyounger youngestlonger longestfuller fullest shorter shortestsmaller smallestolder oldest finer finesteasier easiesthungrier hungriest earlier earliestheavier heaviestbigger biggest redder reddest第9页/共34页healthymanyfamousexcitingcarefullywet hotlittlefewhealthier healthiestmore mostmore famous most famousmore exciting most excitingmore carefully most carefullywetter wettesthotter hottestless leastfewer fewest第10页/共34页词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词可加词可加-er或或-est第11页/共34页原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好little意思不是小意思不是小一分为二有两个一分为二有两个一是老来二是远一是老来二是远第12页/共34页.其其主要句型主要句型有：有：(1)A+be+比较级比较级+than+B e.g Mary is much younger than Sue.(2)(3)疑问句疑问句+动词动词+比较级比较级,AorB?e.g Who draws better,Tom or Jim?(4)比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级，表示越来越，表示越来越e.g the days are getting shorter and shorter.A+行为动词行为动词+副比副比+than+物体物体B.Dogs run faster than goats.He studies better than me第13页/共34页形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three,in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。第14页/共34页1 1）A+am/are/is+the+A+am/are/is+the+形最高级形最高级 +比较范围比较范围（of+of+人人/物，物，in+in+地方）地方）.I am the tallest in the class.Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.2）A+行为动词+副词最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Dogs run fastest in the world.He studies best of us.第15页/共34页3）.最高级:形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略the,主要句型有:the +最高级+ofinJim works hardest of us all.My mother is the busiest in my familye.g4）疑问词疑问词+动词动词+最高级最高级5)which like best,A,B or C?第16页/共34页 构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-er/或或-est /ist/talltallertallestfastfasterfastest以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，结尾的形容词，加加-r 或或-stnicenicernicest以重读闭音节结尾且末以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；应先双写这个辅音字母；再加再加-es或或-estbigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的结尾的词，先改词，先改“y”为为“i”,再加再加-er或或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加在词前加more或或mostbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interesting一、形容词比较等级的规则变化如下：一、形容词比较等级的规则变化如下：第17页/共34页二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原 级比 较 级最 高 级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastill/bad/badlyworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest第18页/共34页练练 习习1.tall _ _ 1.tall _ _ 2.nice _ _ 2.nice _ _ 3.strong _ _3.strong _ _4.old _ _4.old _ _5.big _ _5.big _ _6.thin _ _6.thin _ _7.heavy _ _7.heavy _ _8.beautiful _ _8.beautiful _ _9.good _ _9.good _ _tallerstrongeroldertalleststronges oldestbiggerbiggestthinnerthinnesnicernicestheavierheaviestmore beautiful most beautifulbetterbest第19页/共34页形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成：规则规则变化变化1单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er比较级，比较级，加加-est最最高级。高级。原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级bright brighter brightestyoung younger youngestlong longer longest 第20页/共34页2.以字母以字母e 结尾的词只加结尾的词只加-r或或-st构成比较构成比较级和最高级。级和最高级。nice nicer nicestfine finer finestwhite whiter whitest 3.重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应先双写辅音字母，再加先双写辅音字母，再加-er 或或-est.big bigger biggest第21页/共34页4.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加-y 结尾的词，先把结尾的词，先把-y变变为为 I，再加再加-er-est.easy easier easiest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加加more构成比较级和构成比较级和most构成最高级，构成最高级，eg.slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful第22页/共34页不规则变化不规则变化:个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，需个别记忆。需个别记忆。e.g.good(well)better bestbad(badly,ill)worse worstmany(much)more mostlittle less leastfar father/further farthest/furthest 第23页/共34页改错：1.Im than you.2.He is than me.3.Youre in our school.4.Who is ,you or me?5.She is in her family.tallyounggershortestfat thinest第24页/共34页选择填空选择填空1.Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art?A.well B.best C.better D.much2.The Chang jiang River is one of in the world.A.the longest river B.longest rivers C.the longest rivers D.longer rivers3.of the two women is Mrs Brown.A.The beautiful B.The more beautiful C.More beautiful D.The most beautiful4.My mooncake is nicer his.A.like B.with C.for D.than 5.You are fatter than .A.he B.his C.him D.he is tall6.My hair is longer than .A.my sister B.Kate C.my brothers D.LucysCCBDAC第25页/共34页16.Mother is in my family.A.busy B.busier C.the busiest D.more busy18.The dumplings are than the noodles,I think.A.more nicer B.much delicious C.very nice D.much more delicious19.She is than me at drawings.A.better B.best C.good D.harder 20.-This blue sweater is too big for me.-Will you please show me a one?A.small B.smaller C.the smallest D.smallestCDAB第26页/共34页改错改错1.Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10.2.My mother is younger than your.3.He is one of tallest boys in his class.4.Betty is the youngest on the three girls.5.Mother is the busiest of my family.6.Jim is shorter of the two boys.youthe tallestofthe shorterin第27页/共34页一1.Myschoolis_,butTomsschoolis_thanmine.(small)2.Rabbitscanrun_,buttigerscanrun_thanrabbits.(fast)3.Pigis_,butelephantis_thanpig.(heavy)4.Im_,butsheis_thanme.(beautiful)5.Everydayis_.Buttodayis_thanbefore.(busy)6Mybrotheristwoyears_(old)thanme.7.Isyoursister_(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.8.Whois_(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.smallfastfasterheavierheavymore beautifulbeautifulbusierbusyolderyoungerthinnersmaller第28页/共34页9.Whosepencil-boxis_(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.10Benjumps_(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.11DoesNancysing_(well)thanHelen?Yes,shedoes.12Myeyesare_(big)thanhers.13Whichis_(heavy),theelephantorthepig?14Whogetsup_(early),TimorTom?15Dothegirlsgetup_(early)thantheboys?No,they_.16Jimruns_(slow).ButBenruns_(slow).biggerhigherbetterbiggerheavierearlierearlierdontslowslower第29页/共34页二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1)Im12yearsold.Youre14.Im_thanyou.(2)Arabbitstailis_thanamonkeystail.(3)Anelephantis_thanapig.(4)Alakeis_thanasea.(5)Abasketballis_thanaping-pong.oldershorterheaviersmallerbigger第30页/共34页以以How开头的问句（仅限小学阶段）：开头的问句（仅限小学阶段）：n nHow are you?How are you?n nHow old?How old?n nHow tall?How tall?n nHow long?How long?n nHow big?How big?n nHow heavy?How heavy?n nHow many?How many?n nHow much?How much?问身体状况。问年龄问身高问长度问大小（指外型、形体的大小）问体重、重量问多少，物体的数量问价格第31页/共34页三，选出合适的单词完成句子heavytalllongmuchmanybig(1)How_istheYellowRiver?(2)-How_isMr.Green?-Hes175cm.(3)-How_areyourfeet?-Iwearsize18.(4)-How_isthewhiteT-shirt?-Its100yuan.(5)-How_applesarethereinthebag?-Therearefive.(6)-How_isthefish?-Its2kg.longtallmanyheavymuchbig第32页/共34页四，连词成句1.is,my,This,computer(.)2.your,is,That,computer(.)3.teachersdesk,this,Is,a(?)4.is,it,time,What(?)5.oclock,Its,two(.)6.time,math,for,Its,class(.)7.this,Is,your,T-shirt(?)8.colour,it,is,What(?)9.warm,Its,today(.)10.play,Lets,football(.)11.much,How,it,is(?)12.yuan,Its,ten(.)Thisismycomputer.Thatisyourcomputer.Isthisateachersdesk?Whattimeisit?Itstwooclock.Itstimeformathclass.IsthisyourT-shirt?Whatcolourisit?Itswarmtoday.Letsplayfootball.Howmuchisit?Itstenyuan.第33页/共34页