统考辅导课专项讲解.ppt

主讲：康小燕主讲：康小燕 华理网院统考英语辅导华理网院统考英语辅导1、交际用语解题方法交际用语解题方法+例题讲解例题讲解 提纲提纲 2、阅读题型阅读题型+解题方法讲解解题方法讲解+练习练习 3、作文体裁作文体裁+题目归类题目归类+模版背诵模版背诵 4、词汇与、词汇与结构结构 5、完形填空完形填空+英译汉英译汉3、作文题目归类作文题目归类+模版背诵模版背诵+附录附录（1 1）作文题目归类）作文题目归类+模版背诵模版背诵 l上节：应用文、议论类、节日上节：应用文、议论类、节日oror旅游计划旅游计划类；类；l本节：学习类、如何类、爱好类、记叙类、本节：学习类、如何类、爱好类、记叙类、其他其他四四、学习类学习类涉及题目有涉及题目有7个：个：1.Difficulty in studying English (英语学习的困难英语学习的困难)2.How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies(如何克服英语学习的困难如何克服英语学习的困难)3.My English Study (我的英语学习我的英语学习)4.Why I Like Learning English (我为什么喜欢学习英我为什么喜欢学习英语语)5.My Study Plan (我的学习计划我的学习计划)6.Self-study (自学自学)7.How I Spend My Spare Time (我如何度过空闲时间我如何度过空闲时间)模板：模板：第一段：点题 English is always my favorite subject and I am good at English.My English Study：I would like to share 4 good studying habits with you.vHow to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies：The following is my way to overcome the difficulties in English studies.vDifficulty in studying English：Even though I had many difficulties in studying English,I always do my best to learn it.vMy Study Plan：and I have made a study plan for my English as followed.第二段：文章主体第二段：文章主体 Firstly,remember 20 new words every day,and never give up.Secondly,go over grammar points I have learnt in English class regularly.Thirdly,read an English article in China Daily every day.Fourth,write an English composition every week and ask teacher to revise that for me to improve the writing level.第三段：结尾呼应主题题目是My English Study或者时或者时Difficulty in studying English：If you do things above,I am sure your English will also be improved.题目是How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies：These above are what I have done to overcome my difficulties in my English studies.题目是My Study Plan时时:These above are my study plan for learning English.涉及题目有涉及题目有4个：个：1.How I Spend My Spare Time (我如何度过我如何度过空闲时间空闲时间)2.How to Keep Healthy (如何保持健康如何保持健康)3.How to Overcome Difficulties in My English Studies(如何克服英语学习的困难如何克服英语学习的困难)4.Ways to keep fit (如何强身健体如何强身健体)五五、如何类如何类适用于：适用于：How to Keep Healthy (如何保持健康如何保持健康)Ways to keep fit (如何强身健体如何强身健体)About Doing Physical Exercise（部分可以套（部分可以套用到用到)模板：模板：第一部分点题：第一部分点题：Nowadays,more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.Without a healthy body,we can do nothing.For me,there are three ways to keep healthy.第二部分主体：第二部分主体：First,it is necessary to keep a balanced diet.It is better for us to have more fruits and vegetables everyday.Secondly,it is important to take regular exercises,such as swimming,jogging and so on.Finally,relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress.When we make healthy habits a part of our daily life,we are bound to keep healthy.六六、爱好爱好类类涉及题目有涉及题目有14个：个：1.My Favorite TV program (我最喜爱的电视我最喜爱的电视节目节目)2.My Favorite Food (我最喜爱的食物我最喜爱的食物)3.My Favorite Hobby（我最喜欢的爱好）（我最喜欢的爱好）4.My Hobbies (我的爱好我的爱好)5.My Close Friend （我的好朋友）（我的好朋友）6.My Best Friend (我最好的朋友我最好的朋友)7.The one I love most （我爱的人）（我爱的人）涉及题目有涉及题目有14个：个：8.My favorite Sport (我最喜爱的运动我最喜爱的运动)9.The Book I Like Best (我最喜爱的书我最喜爱的书)10.Sports（体育运动）（体育运动）11.The Sports Activities I Like Best (我最喜我最喜欢的体育活动欢的体育活动)12.My Favorite Teacher (我最喜爱的老师我最喜爱的老师)13.The Job I Like/My ideal job (我喜欢的工作我喜欢的工作或我的理想工作或我的理想工作)14.My Favorite Means of Getting Information(我最喜爱的获取信息的手段我最喜爱的获取信息的手段)1，现代社会获取，现代社会获取信息的方式很多信息的方式很多.2.我最喜欢获取信息的方式我最喜欢获取信息的方式适用题目最喜爱的某物：适用题目最喜爱的某物：My Favorite TV program;My Favorite Food;My Favorite Hobby My Hobbies;The Sports Activities I Like Best My favorite Sport;The Book I Like Best;The Job I Like/My ideal job;My Favorite Means of Getting Information.模板模板1：第一段：开篇点题第一段：开篇点题 (1)开门见山开门见山My Favorite is.(2)提及它的特点、历史、提及它的特点、历史、让人愉悦之处等让人愉悦之处等it always makes me feel happy and active.第二段：主体，展开叙述喜欢的原因或者其特点等（3）There are several points that are worth mentioning.（4）特点）特点1 For one thing,it covers news about important events both at home and abroad.（5）特）特点点2 Besides,the news it provides is timely and reliable.（6）特点）特点3 Finally,it broadcasts in the evening during the so-called“golden time”.（7）It saves me much time reading through news-papers for current affairs.第三段：总结（8 8）呼应主题In short,In short,has has always been my favorite always been my favorite and I and I like it best.like it best.适用题目：爱好与体育适用题目：爱好与体育 My Favorite Hobby;My Hobbies;The Sports Activities I Like Best;My favorite Sport.模板模板2：第三段：呼应主题第三段：呼应主题 Swimming is a really good sport(hobby).If you swim in the water,you make yourself look like a lovely fish!It is so cool!Im sure you will feel very happy!第一段：点题第一段：点题 I like sports very much.I like running,skating,playing basketball,swimming and so on.But swimming is my favorite sports（或者说（或者说hobby）.第二段：这一爱好第二段：这一爱好 体育活动的历史、好处等体育活动的历史、好处等 When I was a little boy,my father and mother took me to a swimming pool.They taught me how to swim there.They put me into the pool,but I was really afraid of that.I cried out loud and yelled,No!No!They both laughed and said,oh dont worry,dear!Its not difficult.We will help you,OK?Then we began to try,once,twice.Oh,I could swim myself in the pool!How exciting I was!After that,I wasnt afraid of water any more and became very interested in swimming.适用题目：适用题目：最喜爱的某人最喜爱的某人 My Close Friend（我的好朋友）；（我的好朋友）；My Best Friend (我最好的朋友我最好的朋友)；The one I love most（我爱的人）；（我爱的人）；My Favorite Teacher (我最喜爱的老师我最喜爱的老师)模板模板3：七七、记叙文记叙文涉及题目有涉及题目有15个：个：1.A Good Teacher to remember(一个要记住的好老师一个要记住的好老师)2.A Day to Remember (要记住的一天要记住的一天)3.An Unforgettable Experience (一个难忘的经验一个难忘的经验)4.Bad Manners in Public (在公共地方的不礼貌行为在公共地方的不礼貌行为)5.Happy Things in my childhood(童年中快乐的事情童年中快乐的事情)6.Living in a Big city (生活在大城市生活在大城市)7.Living in a Big Family (生活在一个大家庭生活在一个大家庭)七七、记叙文记叙文涉及题目有涉及题目有15个：个：8.My Dream (我的梦想我的梦想)9.My Family (我的家人我的家人)10.My Classmates (我的同学我的同学)11.My Hometown (我的故乡我的故乡)12.My Teacher (我的老师我的老师)13.My First Year at College (我在大学的第一年我在大学的第一年)14.My Close Friend （我的好朋友）（我的好朋友）15.The Chinese New Year (中国农历新年中国农历新年)适用题目：适用题目：My Close Friend（我的好朋友）（我的好朋友）；My Best Friend (我最好的朋友我最好的朋友)；The one I love most（我爱的人）（我爱的人）；My Favorite Teacher (我最喜爱的老师我最喜爱的老师)；A Good Teacher to remember(一个要记住的好老师一个要记住的好老师)My Classmates(我的同学我的同学)；My Teacher(我的老师我的老师)；My Close Friend（我的好朋友）（我的好朋友）模板模板1：第一段：开篇点题第一段：开篇点题 (1)开门见山开门见山My is Lucy.She is also a teacher of one high school.(2)提及她提及她他他的特点、让人愉悦之处等的特点、让人愉悦之处等She gave me a deep impression when we met at the first time.Through chatting,we found that we have many common favorites,and finally we came to be close friends.模板：模板：第二段：主体，展开叙述人物的特长特点、第二段：主体，展开叙述人物的特长特点、喜欢的原因、认识的过程、友谊等喜欢的原因、认识的过程、友谊等 人物特点人物特点1：Lucy is tall and slender with white skin,long-black hair and a blue-frame glasses.She has considerate and gentle characters so it is easy to get along with her.人物特点人物特点2：Lucy is good at singing and dancing.She also has many other hobbies,such as swimming outdoors,reading,surfing and so on.So we respect her as a modern and intellectual young girl with diverse abilities and knowledge.第三段：总结第三段：总结呼应主题呼应主题 Time flies！we have parted for several years,and the friendship between us becomes more sweet and solid.此外，以上记叙类的其他题目、第八类其他中的作文此外，以上记叙类的其他题目、第八类其他中的作文写作参见本课件所附的写作参见本课件所附的作文题目与范文作文题目与范文（2）附录 l附附1：书信写作开头常用语：书信写作开头常用语&结束语结束语l附附2：议论文写作常用逻辑衔接词：议论文写作常用逻辑衔接词l起、承、转、合起、承、转、合1、作文题目归类作文题目归类+模版背诵模版背诵+附录附录1、交际用语解题方法交际用语解题方法+例题讲解例题讲解 提纲提纲 2、阅读题型阅读题型+解题方法讲解解题方法讲解+练习练习 3、作文体裁作文体裁+题目归类题目归类+模版背诵模版背诵 4、词汇与、词汇与结构结构 5、完形填空完形填空+英译汉英译汉v冠词冠词 代词代词v形容词和副词的比较级、最高级形容词和副词的比较级、最高级v时态时态 主谓一致主谓一致 强调句强调句v倒装句倒装句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句v名词性从句名词性从句 虚拟语气虚拟语气v情态动词情态动词 v非谓语动词非谓语动词4.1、语法点专项讲解语法点专项讲解+例题例题讲解讲解1.不定冠词不定冠词:a/an表示表示“一一”、“某一某一”概念，用于单数可数概念，用于单数可数名词前。名词前。a用在辅音开头的词前，用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。用在元音开头的词前。2.an English teacher/a second year一位老师一位老师/又一年；又一年；2.定冠词：定冠词：the表示表示“特指的一个或一些特指的一个或一些”。通常用在形容词最。通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。名词前。the best season最好的季节最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人第一夫人/the earth 地球地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；弹钢琴；3.不使用冠词的情况：不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称之在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称之前。在某些惯用词中也不用冠词，以具体名词表示抽象概念。前。在某些惯用词中也不用冠词，以具体名词表示抽象概念。have lunch吃午饭吃午饭/play basketball打篮球打篮球/go to school1.冠词冠词：1）_ girl dressed _ black is her sister Rose.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 2,34）A.A;inB.A;onC.The;on D.The;in2）He is fond of playing _ piano while his brother is interested in listening to _ music.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 5,36）A./;theB./;/C.the;/D.the;the 3）He goes to _ church every Sunday._ church he usually goes to has seating for over a thousand.A.a,the B./,The C.The,the D./,aD DC CB B2.代词代词：1many,few和和a few一般只能修饰或指代可数名词，一般只能修饰或指代可数名词，much,little和和a little 一般只能修饰或指代不可数名词。一般只能修饰或指代不可数名词。a few 和和a little表示表示“有一些有一些”，具有肯定意义，而，具有肯定意义，而few和和little表示表示“几几乎没有乎没有”，具有否定意义。，具有否定意义。many和和much表示表示“许多许多”。2表示表示“全部全部”：两者用两者用both，三者以上用，三者以上用all;表示表示“全无全无”：两者用：两者用neither，三者以上用，三者以上用none；表示；表示“任一任一”：两者用：两者用either，三者以上用，三者以上用any。3other,the other,another的区别的区别（1）other泛指泛指“别的、其他的别的、其他的”。有时会放在。有时会放在some,any,every,no等词之后。等词之后。e.g.We study Chinese,maths,English and other lessons（2）the other特指范围内的另一个（范围内一共特指范围内的另一个（范围内一共2个）个）.e.g.I have two friends.One is from Australia,the other is from Japan.（3）another指同类中（三个或三个以上）的指同类中（三个或三个以上）的“另一个另一个”，是指不确定的另一个。，是指不确定的另一个。e.g.Would you like another cup of coffee?2.代词代词：1）The baby is hungry,but theres _ milk in the bottle.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 2,28）A.littleB.a littleC.few D.a few2）She has two best friends._ of them is in the country.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 2,44）A.All B.BothC.No oneD.Neither3）Its time to tidy your room,Harry!See the tidy room,Mum!_ is where it should be.A.Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing4）The red flower goes from one to _ in the class.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 6,27）A.the otherB.othersC.anotherD.otherA AD DC CC C（1）同等程度比较：）同等程度比较：as+原级原级+as e.g.Tom is as bright as Mark.汤姆和马克一样聪明。汤姆和马克一样聪明。（2）不同程度的比较：）不同程度的比较：比较级比较级+than e.g.Tom is taller than Mark.汤姆比马克高。汤姆比马克高。not as/so+原级原级+as e.g.Tom is not as/so bright as Mark.（3）对比与比较：）对比与比较：the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级 The older I get,the happier I am比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级 Jane became more and more beautiful.（4）当几个形容词修饰一个名词时，其排列顺序是：）当几个形容词修饰一个名词时，其排列顺序是：好坏、美丑好坏、美丑+大小、新旧、颜色大小、新旧、颜色+质地、属性质地、属性+名词名词 e.g.a beautiful big red wooden desk（5）当被修饰的是以）当被修饰的是以-thing,-one,-body结尾的不定代词时，结尾的不定代词时，作定语的形容词要后置。作定语的形容词要后置。e.g.I read something interesting.3.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级形容词和副词的比较级、最高级1）Todays weather is _ worse than yesterdays.（大大学英语学英语（B）Test 2,40）A.Very B.much C.very much D.much too2）Did the medicine make you feel better?（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 6,43）No.The more _,_ I feel.A.medicine I take;and the worse B.medicine I take;the worse C.I take medicine;the worse D.I take medicine;worse3）What will you buy for your boyfriends birthday?（大大学英语学英语（B）Test 5,34）I want to buy a _ wallet for him.A.black leather smallB.small black leather C.small leather blackD.black small leatherB BB BB B1）When Lily came home at 5 p.m.yesterday,her mother _ dinner in the kitchen.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 1,36）A.cookedB.was cooking C.cooks D.has cooked2）Johns father _ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 1,40）A.taughtB.teachesC.has taught D.is teaching3）I was giving a talk to a large group of people,the same talk I _ to half a dozen other groups before.（大大学英语学英语（B）Test 2,45）A.was giving B.am giving C.had given D.have given4.时态时态：B BC CC C主谓一致的关系根据主谓一致的关系根据“语法一致语法一致”、“意义一致意义一致”、和、和“就近一致就近一致”三项原则来实现。三项原则来实现。5.主谓一致主谓一致v语法一致语法一致n由由and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时（指的是两个或连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时（指的是两个或两个以上不同的人或事物）谓语动词用复数。两个以上不同的人或事物）谓语动词用复数。e.g.The woman and her husband work in the same office.那妇女和她丈夫在同一个单位那妇女和她丈夫在同一个单位n主语为动词不定式主语为动词不定式(to do)、动名词、动名词(V-ing)以及从句做主语以及从句做主语时谓语动词用单数。时谓语动词用单数。e.g.To see is to believe.(Seeing is believing.)眼见为实。眼见为实。v意义一致意义一致（1）有and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，但是表示同一人或事物，或代表一个概念，动词用单数。e.g.The professor and president of our school is retired.The professor and the president of our school are retired.（2）主语为all,half,most,some,any,none等不定代词时，通过上下文确定其实际意义，谓语动词的单复数形式则根据主语的实际意义来决定。e.g.His weekends?Half are spent in the country.他的周末？一半是在乡下度过的。His time?Half was spent on books.他的时间？一半是花在了读书上。（3）主语为形容词或分词加定冠词转化来的名词时，）主语为形容词或分词加定冠词转化来的名词时，如如果指一类人，为复数意义，谓语动词用复数；如果指单果指一类人，为复数意义，谓语动词用复数；如果指单个人或抽象概念，为单数意义，谓语动词用单数。个人或抽象概念，为单数意义，谓语动词用单数。e.g.The killed were buried on the hillside.那些被害者被埋在了山坡上。The killed was his neighbor.那个被害者是他的邻居。v就近一致主语为eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等连接的并列名词时，谓语动词的数取决于最靠近的名词的数。e.g.Neither the children nor their father was in the car.无论是孩子们，还是他们的父亲都不在车里。e.g.Neither the father nor his children were in the car.无论是父亲，还是他的孩子们都不在车里。1）Both the kids and their parents _ English,I think.I know it from their accent.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 1,38）A.is B.beenC.are D.was2）Two thousand dollars _ enough for the car.（大大学英语学英语（B）Test 2,36）A.beingB.wereC.areD.is3）The young _ interested in pop music.（大学英大学英语语（B）Test 5,41）A.isB.haveC.hasD.areC CD DD D结构：结构：It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that（who）被强被强调部分用调部分用that引出，指人时也可用引出，指人时也可用who。被强调的部分为句子中除谓语以为的所有成分，被强调的部分为句子中除谓语以为的所有成分，但无但无论强调句子的什么成分，如时间状语、地点状语等，论强调句子的什么成分，如时间状语、地点状语等，都用都用that引出句子的其他部分引出句子的其他部分；It is/was not until that 是强调句型中常见的是强调句型中常见的强调时间状语从句的句式，强调时间状语从句的句式，that后用肯定式。后用肯定式。e.g.I didnt know what kind of a country she is until I came to China.It was not until I came to China that I knew what kind of a country she is.6.强调句强调句1）It was on the beach _ Miss White found the kid lying dead.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 3,35）A.thatB.thisC.itD.which2）It is not until you have lost your health _ you know its value.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test6,44）A.until B.whenC.whatD.thatA AD D（1）在）在as,though引导的让步状语从句中，从句往往放在主句的引导的让步状语从句中，从句往往放在主句的前面，而且从句须以形容词、名词或动词（原形）等开头。前面，而且从句须以形容词、名词或动词（原形）等开头。e.g.Hard as she studied,she failed to this examination.（2）代词）代词so,neither,nor等副词置于句首时等副词置于句首时,表示表示“也也(不不/没没有有)”全句要倒装全句要倒装Tom can speak English.So can Jack.汤姆会讲英语，杰克也会汤姆会讲英语，杰克也会（3）never,seldom,little,nor,hardly(when),scarcely(when),no sooner(than),not only,not until等表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时；等表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时；e.g.Never in my life have I seen such a thing.我一生中从未见过这样的事情。我一生中从未见过这样的事情。e.g.Not only did he hear,but also he saw it too.他不但听见了，而且也看见了。他不但听见了，而且也看见了。7.倒装句倒装句1）Never before _ see such a terrible car accident on the road!（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 1,39）A.I haveB.have IC.I did D.did I 2）I was satisfied with her explanation,_.（大学英大学英语语（B）Test 3,42）A.so my classmates wereB.so were my classmatesC.so my classmates didC.so did my classmates3）Hardly _ on stage _ the audience started cheering.（大学英语大学英语（B）Test 4,40）A.he had come/thanB.he had come/whenC.had he come/whenD.had he come/than4）Important _ his discovery might be,it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.（大学英大学英语语（B）Test 5,42）A.when B.untilC.as D.althoughD DB BC CC C1.只能用关系代词只能用关系代词that的情况：的情况：先行词为先行词为all,anything,something等不定代词时，等不定代词时，只能用只能用that；e.g.I have never taken anything that doesnt belong to me.我从未拿过不属于我的任何东西。我从未拿过不属于我的任何东西。先行词前有最高级形容词及序数词先行词前有最高级形容词及序数词first,last,next,only等修饰词时，只能用等修饰词时，只能用that。e.g.He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived.他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。He is the only one among us that knows English.他是我们当中唯一一个懂英语的人。他是我们当中唯一一个懂英语的人。8.定语从句定语从句2.只能用关系代词只能用关系代词which的情况：的情况：定语从句前出现逗号，介词时，只能用定语从句前出现逗号，介词时，只能用which引导；引导；e.g.I never met Mary again,which was a pity.定语从句中作关系代词作宾语且前面有介词时，只能定语从句中作关系代词作宾语且前面有介词时，只能用用which引导。引导。e.g.The music to which we listened last night was written by