英语高考高效备考之虚拟语气详细讲解及训练.pptx
语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式，它表明说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。第1页/共25页语气的种类1.陈述语气：表明动作或状态是现实的确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day it is!第2页/共25页2.祈使语气表明说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。Be careful!Dont forget to close the window.Open the door,please.第3页/共25页3,虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。If I were you,I should study English.I wish you could go with me.May you succeed!第4页/共25页虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生的。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go to the park.虚拟条件句：假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来都不可能发生的。If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.第5页/共25页1.与现在事实相反从句-过去式(be通常用were)，主句-should(would,could,might)+动词原形”：If I knew her number I could ring her up.If he were free,he would help us.If he studied at this school,he would know you well.Should用于第一三人称would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性 第6页/共25页1.要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。If you tried again you would succeed。2，如果我是只鸟，我就能在天上飞了。I f I were a bird,I could fly in the sky.3.If I _ (是)you,I _(就不会)buy that coat.WereShouldnt 4.If I _(有)a knife，I _(就杀了)you。Had would kill第7页/共25页2.与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测从句-did/should+do/were to do主句-should/would/could/might+do If it rained tomorrow,our picnic would be put off.If he were to come here,he would tell us about it.If he should go to Qing Hua University,he would make full use of his time.第8页/共25页3，与过去事实相反从句had done主句should/would/could/might +have doneIf I had left sooner，I would have been on time.2)要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他 If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.第9页/共25页 注意：1，条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在 If I were you这样的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。第10页/共25页 2）当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可省略，而将were,should,had等词置于句首。如：If he should agree to go there,wewould send him there.Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.第11页/共25页If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.If she were here,she would agree with us Were she here,she would agree with us 第12页/共25页在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，逐句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件句从句和主句的动词形式列表如下：动词形式时间动词形式时间从句从句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反did（be 的过去式的过去式常用常用were）wouldShouldCould +动词原形动词原形might与过去事实相反与过去事实相反Had+donewouldShouldCould +have done Might与将来事实可能相与将来事实可能相反，或将来的愿望反，或将来的愿望did/should+doWere to dowouldShouldCould +动词原形动词原形might第13页/共25页虚拟语气的其他用法一，wish后的宾语从句1.与现在事实相反-一般过去时2.与过去事实相反-过去完成时3.与将来事实相反-过去将来时第14页/共25页1.I wish_(他再试一次)he would try again2.I wish _(和你一样年轻)I were as young as you3.I wish_(我看过这部电影)I had seen that film4.I wish_(我将来当个医生)I would become a doctor第15页/共25页二，advise,ask,demand,desire,decide,insist(坚决要求),order,propose,request,suggest(建议)表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，起虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+原形动词 The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here.The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul 第16页/共25页三，It is suggested/requested/desired/proposed/.that 后接主语从句时advice,desire,order,plan,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish充当句子的主语后接同位语从句，或表语从句时从句中都用(should)+do第17页/共25页We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help He told us his idea that he should go to university His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully.Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown.It is suggested that he should go to visit his old friend.第18页/共25页四，as if(though)从句用虚拟语气与现在事实相反一般过去时；与过去事实相反过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大would(might,could)+动词原形：I love you as if_(你是我儿子)you were my son.They talked as if_(以前见过面)They had met each other beforeThey are happy as if_(他们要去月球了)They would go to moon第19页/共25页五，It is(high)time that 到了.的时候了It is time that+过去时It was time that+过去完成时六,would rather 宁愿，用法同 wish,as if七，if only 要是就好了，用法同上第20页/共25页 1，The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam.A.give B.should giveC.be given D.would be givenExercise,2,Wang Ling,one of my friends,is very good at English.He speaks English as if he _ an Englishman.A.wereB.would beC.have beenD.had been 第21页/共25页 3,_ more careful,his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain wereB.Had the captain been C.Should the captain beD.If the captain would have been4,If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.A.had known B.would knowC.should knowD.knew第22页/共25页5,Robert wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university.A.studies B.studiedC.has studiedD.had studied 6,Mr Li required the computer equipment referred _ used in every classroom.A.should be B.have to beC.to be D.to being第23页/共25页Thank you!Bye-bye!第24页/共25页感谢您的观看！第25页/共25页
