英语各句子成分.pptx
英语的 5 种基本句型一、主语一、主语+谓语谓语二、主语二、主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语三、主语三、主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 I give him a book.四、主语四、主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 I want you to go with me.五、五、主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 It smells good.She is a teacher.主语+谓语+宾语第1页/共44页英语的 8 大句子成分主语：subject谓语：predicate宾语：object direct object (直接宾语)indirect object (间接宾语）定语：attributive状语：adverbial补语：object complement表语：predicative同位语：appositive第2页/共44页主语、谓语、宾语主语、谓语、宾语主语、谓语、宾语主语、谓语、宾语subject predicateobjectdirect object (直接宾语)indirect object (间接宾语）第3页/共44页The pretty girl sings songs on the stage every Sunday.Mum bought my sister a present.The sun gives us light and warmth.主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语间接宾语间接宾语直接宾语直接宾语第4页/共44页表语表语表语表语predicative定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。第5页/共44页一、状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。He is a teacher.These desks are yellow.I am all right.We are happy now.第6页/共44页二、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,stand。He always kept silent at meeting.This matter remains a mystery.I cant stay awake any longer.The house stands empty for a long time.第7页/共44页三、表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look。He looks tired.He seems(to be)very sad.第8页/共44页四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.第9页/共44页五、变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run。He became mad after that.She grew rich within a short time.第10页/共44页六、终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turn out,表达“证实”“变成”之意。The rumor proved false.The search proved difficult.His plan turned out a success.第11页/共44页同位语同位语同位语同位语appositive第12页/共44页Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brothers.He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.第13页/共44页定语定语定语定语attributive第14页/共44页一、介词短语定语一、介词短语定语The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.The boy in blue is Tom.There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.第15页/共44页二、形容词定语所有的形容词，只要后面加名词，都是定语。She is a beautiful girl.You are all hard-working students.第16页/共44页三、名词定语The boy needs a ball pen.The woman doctor is my mother.第17页/共44页四、副词定语The boy there needs a pen.The best boy here is Tom.Read the paragraph below.We had to get off and take the bus behind.第18页/共44页五、不定式定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.There is nothing to do today.He is the best man to do the job.第19页/共44页六、分词定语The smiling boy needs the pen bought by his mother.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.They built a highway leading into the mountains.The swimming pool is over there.第20页/共44页七、定语从句I like the book that/which Tom is reading.Henry is the boy who/that is reading a book.We are helping the man whose car had broken down.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.I used to play with him in the years when I lived in the countryside.It is the reason why he didnt go to school.I like the village where I spent my childhood.第21页/共44页状语状语状语状语adverbial第22页/共44页一、时间状语She is to be married next month.她预定在下个月结婚。Ill meet you at 4 oclock.我将在4点钟和你见面。A lot of students missed my lecture yesterday.昨天许多学生误了我的课。第23页/共44页二、地点状语I first met him in Paris.我初次见到他是在巴黎。注：地点状语除表位置外，还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如：Are you glad to be going back to school?返回学校你感到高兴吗?They lived many miles from the town.他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。第24页/共44页三、方面状语She is very weak in physics.她物理很不行。China is very rich in natural resources.中国自然资源丰富。This is better in every way than that.这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。The bridge is 2500 meters in length and 150 meters in height.这座桥长2500米，高150米。第25页/共44页四、原因状语He was surprised at what she said.听到她说的话，他很吃惊。He succeeded by hard work.他由于努力工作而成功。He was sent to prison for robbery.他因为抢劫而坐牢。第26页/共44页五、结果状语He talked his wife into buying a car.他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。第27页/共44页六、目的状语They went out for a walk.他们出去散步了。He stood aside for her to pass.他靠边站让她过去。He cupped his ear to hear better.他的手捂着耳朵，以便听得更清楚。第28页/共44页七、条件状语Can you see without your glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？United,we stand；divided,we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。With more money I would be able to buy it.钱多一点的话，我就买得起。第29页/共44页八、让步状语For all his money,hes a very lonely man.他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill.卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。第30页/共44页九、程度状语I dont like coffee very much.我不太喜欢咖啡。To a great extent,it is not fair.在很大程度上，这是不公平的。The system which is used in this school is very successful.这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。第31页/共44页十、方式状语We came on the bus.我们坐公共汽车来的。You must pay the bill in cash.你必须用现金付账。I watched the game on television.我在电视上收看了那场比赛。第32页/共44页十一、伴随状语I slept with the window open.我开着窗睡觉。She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.她含着泪水说再见。He ran up to her breathing heavily.他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。第33页/共44页十二、比较状语Lesson Two is not as difficult as Lesson One.Our class is bigger than yours.第34页/共44页十三、评注性状语To be honest,I dont like him at all.老实说，我根本不喜欢他。Generally speaking,men can run faster than women.一般说来，男人比女人跑得快一些。Perhaps it will,perhaps it wont.也许会，也许不会。第35页/共44页补语补语补语补语object complement定义：置于宾语之后补充说明宾语定义：置于宾语之后补充说明宾语的的叫做宾语补语。叫做宾语补语。第36页/共44页一、不定式 Father will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。We believe him to be guilty.我们认为他是有罪的。We made him copy the sentence.He is made to copy the sentence.第37页/共44页二、名词 At the meeting we elected him monitor.At the meeting we elected him a new monitor.I think your brother a clever boy.第38页/共44页三、形容词 What you said made Xiao Wang angry.I found the classroom empty.第39页/共44页四、副词 Please call the students back at once.He was seen to take his cap off.第40页/共44页五、现在分词 We hear him singing in the hall.I found him lying in bed,sleeping.第41页/共44页六、过去分词 He saw his face reflected in the water.I heard it spoken of in the next room.第42页/共44页Thank you!Thank you!第43页/共44页感谢您的观看！第44页/共44页
