英语四级部分翻译题攻略.ppt

浅谈四级翻译题攻略曹军一、题型概述v四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。若考生语法功底较好且句型和词组储备丰富，那么此题不会太为难。和作文相比，翻译虽只是个把句子，但来路不明难以猜测。作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用，而翻译则全无，它微小零星却锋利难防，并将考生模板式作文的画皮扯下，暴露其撰句能力的真实面目，所以令人可畏。二、重要考点及建议v根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。下面所提一些重点语法项目，并提出一些建议，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。v（1）句型以及其倒装使用）句型以及其倒装使用v2008年6月翻译真题第91题：v_（直到他完成使命）didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.(Key：Notuntilheaccomplished/finishedthemission)v建议：以此类推，掌握如下常用句型（以倒装方式给出）vNotonly.butalsoSo(Such)that.vNotuntil.Neither.nor.vHardly.when.Nosoonerthan.vOnlyby/through/in.,.v例：Notonly_(他向我收费过高)buthedidntdoagoodrepair.（key：didhechargemetoomuch）v（2）从句）从句va.定语从句v2008年12月翻译真题第87题：vMedicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems_(他们至今还没有答案)（Key:which/thattheyhaventfoundanswersto）vb.状语从句v真题中出现过如if条件状语从句（2007年6月第91题），nomatter引导的让步状语从句（2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题）v建议：关于定语从句，到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/that等所引导的，所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/when/how所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句，继续复习如时间状语从句，方式状语从句，因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句，状语从句外，名词性从句也需加强，如宾语从句（特别注意wish/wouldrather引导的宾语从句中虚拟样式），表语从句，同位语从句甚至主语从句。v（3）非谓语动词）非谓语动词va.分词做伴随状语v2008年6月第90题：v_(与我成长的地方相比)thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.(key:ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup)v注意，答案中除过去分词（comparedwith）做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。vb.动词不定式做目的状语v2006年6月第88题v_(为了挣钱供我上学)，Motheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.(Key:tosupportmyuniversitystudies)v建议：由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外，还包括动名词，但尚未考察过，所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之“动名词”情况。v（4）其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级）其他类语法如：虚拟语气，比较级v（5）常用词组：尤其是动介词组，）常用词组：尤其是动介词组，如adaptto.,havetroubledoing，belikelytodo.,attributeto.等类似样式。v作文是表达自己，可以随心所愿，而翻译是表达别人，被动且受制。学习翻译，尝试放下过分的自我，顺服接受，反而会行得更容易些。新题型翻译专项练习新题型翻译专项练习v1:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Whatupsetmewas_.(不是他所说的话，而是他说话的方式)。v2:Intheconference,themayor_(反复强调了)theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.v3:Heisopposedtotheplanforthesimplereason_(这个计划目前暂不可行).v4:_(还要多长时间)beforeyougraduatefromcollege.v5:Heissuchastubbornboythat_(劝他不要沉迷于电脑游戏没有用).vv2:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:_(不管是什么种族，宗教信仰),weareallequal.v2:Johnobeyedhiswife_(惟恐她发脾气).v3:ItsthefirsttimeshecametoBeijing;_(难怪她充满着好奇).v4:Manyofthosewhoviolatethelawsneverthinkofthemselvesaslawbreakers,_(更不用说犯罪分子了).v5:Johnisnotwell-groundedinmathematics,buthe_(取得了难以置信的进步).vv1:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:notwhathesaid,butthewayhespokev2:hammeredin/repeatedlystrengthenedv3:thattheprogramiscurrently/atthetimebeingnotpractical/feasiblev4:Howlongwillittakev5:itsuselesstoadvisehimnottobeaddictedtocomputergamesv2:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Regardlessofraceandreligiousbeliefv2:forfearofmakingherangryv3:nowonderthathewasfilledwithcuriosityv4:letalonethecriminalsv5:hasmadeincredibleprogressvv3:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Hefeltexcitedat_(一直想他的童年)inthecountryside.v2:Onthewhole,_(很少有人不抱怨自己的工作单调乏味的).However,theywillfeelmoreborediftheydontwork.v3:I_(对他的请求不好拒绝),forwheneverIaskedhimforhelp,hehadalwaysobliged.v4:Theproductionoftheautofactoryis_(逐步增长).v5:Itisstrangethat_(他昨天居然什么也没说就走了).vv4:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:_(我刚刚到家)thanthetelephonerang.v2:Theoldmanregretted_(一事无成)inhislife.v3:_(他五十多岁),buthelooksyoungerthanhisage.v4:Manybigcitiesintheworld_(正面临淡水资源短缺).v5:Hesaidnothing,leavingme_(对他的计划毫不知情).vv3:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:thememoryofhischildhoodv2:fewpeopledont/mostpeoplecomplainthattheirworkistedious/dull/boringv3:cantverywellrefusehisrequestsv4:ontherisegraduallyv5:heleftunexpectedlyevenwithouttellinganythingvv4:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Ihadnosoonerarrivedhome/NosoonerhadIarrivedhomev2:thathehadachievednothingv3:Heisinhisfiftiesv4:arefacingtheproblemofshortageoffreshwaterresourcev5:ataloss/inthedarkabouthisplanv5:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:HowIevenyou!_(要是我也能像你一样去一趟巴黎该多好)！v2:Idratherreadbooksinthelibrary_(也不愿上课).v3:Ouraimisto_(全心全意为人民服务).v4:Idliketo_(借此机会)toexpressmyheartfeltthanksforyourhelp.v5:Thecourtruling_(剥夺了他的政治权利).vv6:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Thetruckdriveris_(对这起交通事故负全责).v2:Inthecourt,thedefendant_(声称自己是清白的).v3:Unemployed,John_(几乎无法维持生计).v4:_(在任何情况下，中国都不首先)usenuclearweapons.v5:_(要想他人尊重你),youshouldlearntorespectthemfirst.vv5:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:IfonlyIcouldhavethechancetovisitParislikeyouv2:thantohaveclassesv3:servethepeopleheartandsoulv4:takethischance/opportunityv5:deprivedhimofhispoliticalrightsvv6:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:totake/holdfullresponsibilityfortheaccidentv2:claimedhisinnocencev3:couldhardlymakebothendsmeetv4:UndernocircumstancewillChinafirstv5:Toget/winrespectfromothersv7:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:IhavepromisedJanethatIshallplaytheviolinattheparty,but_(我已经好久没有练习了).v2:Theprofessoradvisedthestudentsto_(读更多有教育意义的书).v3:Mrs.Smithshutthewindowslest_(外面的噪音会影响她儿子的睡眠).v4:_(他被眼前的情景吓得)thatshecouldnotspeakawordforseveralminutes.v5:Iwouldrathergotothepark_(也不愿意呆在房间里无所事事).vv8:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Icouldseeacarinthedistance,but_(我无法看清它是什么颜色).v2:_(众所周知),learningEnglishisnoeasyjob.v3:Johnregrettedverymuch_(对老板说了不该说的话).v4:Heseemspoor,but_(我们都怀疑他很有钱).v5:Itsessentialtobuildupyourconfidence_(如果你想在一生中有所成就的话).vv7:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:haventpracticeditforalongtimev2:readmoreinstructivebooksv3:thenoiseoutsidemightaffecthersonssleepv4:Hewassoterrifiedbywhathesawv5:thanstayinthehousewithnothingtodovv8:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:couldnotdistinguishitscolorv2:Itsknowntoallv3:thathesaidsomethingwrongtohisbossv4:weallsuspectedthathewasrichv5:ifyouwanttoachievesomething/togetsomewhereinyoulife/vv9:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Tooursurprise,hiscasualremark_(竟然引起了一场政治风暴).v2:Persistenceissupposedtobe_(一个人成功的关键).v3:_(为了培养我们的动手能力),ourmothermadesurethatwedidshareinkeepingthehouse.v4:_(考虑到他没有经验),hehasdoneagoodjob.v5:Janehadlearnedtorelyonherselfatanearlyage,andshe_(鼓励女儿也这样做).vv10:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Thesubstancedoesnotdissolveinwater_(不管是否加热).v2:Notonly_(他向我收费太高),buthedidntdoagoodrepairjobeither.v3:Yourlossesintradethisyeararenothing_(与我的相比).v4:Onaverage,itissaid,visitorsspendonly_(一半的钱)inadayinLeedsasinLondon.v5:Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely_(把孩子的成功归因于)naturaltalent.vv9:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:initiated/startedabigpoliticalstormv2:thekeytoonessuccessv3:Tocultivate/developourpracticalskillsv4:Consideringhisinexperiencev5:encouragedherdaughtertofollowherfootsteps/dothesamevv10:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:whetherheatedornotv2:didheoverchargeme/chargemetoomuchv3:compared/incomparisonwithminev4:halfasmuch(money)v5:toattributethesuccessoftheirchildren/theirchildrenssuccesstov11:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:_（考虑到他身体不好）,Hesdoneagoodjob.v2:Woman_（不准进入寺庙）.v3:_（民主受到威胁）,thereformsdeserveallthesupporttheycanget.v4:Thescheme_（付诸实施要付出很大的代价）.v5:Thenews_（通过口信传递）.vv12:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Wehadtoresignourselveson_(销售中造成的损失).v2:Ifthedayturnsoutwet,_(我们就得改变计划).v3:Healwayslistenstotheradio_(在开车上班时).v4:Theoldprofessorusually_(写得又好又切题).v5:_(不管你采用什么方式),itlltakeyouatleasttwodays.vv11:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Givenhispoorhealthv2:areexcludedfromthetemplev3:Withdemocracyitselfunderthreatv4:wouldbeveryexpensivetocarryoutv5:waspassedonbywordofmouthvv12:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:makingalossonthesalev2:wemayhavetochangeourplansv3:whiledrivingtoworkv4:writeswellandtothepointv5:Howeveryoutravelvv13:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Theyoungwomandescribedtothepolicemen_(那个青年是如何跑到她跟前抢走她手中提包的).v2:Ifyougoonspendingmoneylikethis,_(你一个月就会身无分文),myfriendsaidtometheotherday.v3:Althoughhestudiedeconomicsatuniversity,_(但是他毕生的兴趣是政治和哲学).v4:Thescientistwillshowtheaudience_(机器人能为家庭做什么).v5:_(药物开始起作用)onehourafterthechildtookit.vv14:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Thesecuritycouncil_(由五位将军和四位警官组成).v2:Onlybyrewardingsuccess_(才能激励职员).v3:IntheUnitedStates,privatecarsare_(必需品，而不是奢侈品).v4:Weareliterallycrawling._(前面肯定是出交通事故了).v5:Everyonethinksthatthenewmemberis_(对球队的有益补充).vv13:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:thewaythemanranuptoherandgrabbedthebagfromherhandv2:youwillfindyourselfpennilessinamonthv3:politicsandphilosophyhadbeenhislifelongpassionsv4:whatatale-operatedrobotcandoforafamilyv5:Themedicinebegantoworkvv14:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:consistsoffivegeneralsandfourpoliceofficersv2:canyoubringoutthebestinyouremployeev3:anabsolutenecessityratherthanaluxuryv4:Theremustbesometrafficaccidentaheadv5:avaluableadditiontothefootballteamv15:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Iusedtohatejogging_(但现在我渐渐喜欢它了).v2:_(随着年龄的增加),itseemsshewascomingtounderstanditbetter.v3:Thebankruptcyofthecompanywasnotcausedbyevil,_(而是因为无知)v4:Inyourrsumyouvementionedeverything_(惟独重要的一点你没说).v5:Theroadbeingwetandslipperyaftertheheavyrain,_(所以我开车非常小心).vv16:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Whentheofficergavethecommand,_(士兵就立刻开火了).v2:_(只要人们继续买自行车),wellkeepturningthemout.v3:Shewassolostinstudy_(以至于忘记吃饭).v4:Thesecomputergames_(对学习者来说既能娱乐，也能使其受教育).v5:Jennyopenedthedoorquietly,_(由于害怕吵醒孩子).vv15:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:butImactuallygrowingtolikeitnowv2:Asshegrowsolderv3:butbysimpleignorancev4:butonevitalpointv5:soIdroveverycarefullyvv16:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:thesoldiersopenedfirev2:Aslongaspeoplekeepbuyingbikesv3:thatsheforgottohavedinnerv4:entertainaswellaseducatethelearnerv5:afraidofwakingthebabyupv17:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Aradiotransmitter_(最好设在离城市比较近的地方).v2:_(Mary停止与Henry联系)afterthedeathofhermother.v3:Theroughsurfaceofthebasketball_(有助于球员控球).v4:_(再迟到一次),andyourefired.v5:Bringtheflowersintoawarmroom,_(不久就会开放).vv18:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Pleasesitdownforamoment,_(我去告诉经理你来了).v2:Sheisdeterminednottogivein_(直到他们给她涨工资).v3:Igottothetheater_(却发现票忘在家里了).v4:_(他们花了很长时间商谈增长工资),onlytogetfired.v5:Whyarguewithhimanymore?_(他已经下定决心不办这项任务).vv17:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:isbestlocatedatanisolatedplacefarfromcitiesv2:MarystoppedcorrespondingwithHenryv3:helpsplayersgriptheballv4:Arrivelateoncemorev5:andtheyllsoonopenvv18:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:andIlltellthemanageryoureherev2:untiltheygiveherapayrisev3:onlytofindthatIhadlefttheticketathomev4:Theyspentalotoftimenegotiatingforapayincreasev5:Hesmadeuphismindnottoundertakethistaskvv19:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Thecostofelectricityislikelyto_(受到汽油价格上升的严重影响).v2:Theyhadrunoutofwater_(当他们到达营地的时候).v3:Thefather_(不知道这个男孩的秘密).v4:Duringhisstayinthecountryside,_(他学会了吸烟).v5:Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_(他立刻就喝了).vv20:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Theplanecrashedintothemountainside,_(机上无人生还).v2:Heexploded:“_(为什么不早点告诉我)?”v3:Everymorning,thepolicemanonduty_(会看见成千上万辆车驶过).v4:Thefireman_(从窗户跳进房间).v5:Applicationpapers_(可以通过电子邮件发送).v19:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:beseriouslyaffectedbytheriseingaspricev2:bythetimetheygottothecampv3:wasignorantoftheboyssecretv4:hetooktosmokingv5:whichhedrankimmediatelyvv20:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:killingallaboardv2:whydidntyoutellmeearlierv3:willseethousandsofcarsflashbyv4:sprangthroughthewindowintotheroomv5:maybesentviae-mailv21:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Motherswhospoiltheirchildrenoften_(睁一只眼闭一只眼)thefaultsoftheirchildren.v2:Afterhiscompanyfailed,_(他决定在保险业方面碰碰运气).v3:Itmaybehardforaperson_(适应经济地位的变化)ifhisself-esteemisderivedmostlyfromacareeroranincome.v4:_(他把自己奉献于社区工作)andispassionateaboutwhatheisdoing.v5:_(如果你设法与Smith先生取得联系)theproblemwillbesolvedeasilybecauseheisanexpertinthisfield.vv22:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Theadvisorforgavehimformixingthetwochemicalstogether;_(毕竟他是想帮导师做事).v2:_(他原以为一切都得得心应手),but,infact,theresultoftheexperimentturnedouttobecontroversial.v3:Manshouldnotexploitthenaturalresources_(以牺牲其他物种为代价).v4:Theproblemliesinhowpeoplelookatthosestudents_(专心追求知识的).v5:OnChildrensDay,kids_(有资格免费进入)toallthecityparks.vv21:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:turnablindeyetov2:hedecidedtotryhisluckininsuranceindustryv3:tobeused/accustomedtothechangesinhiseconomicstatusv4:Hedevoteshimselftothecommunityv5:IfyoumanagetogetintouchwithMr.Smithvv22:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Afterallhetriedtohelphistutorv2:HethoughteverythingwouldbeOKv3:atthecostofsacrificing/lossofotherspeciesv4:whoareknowledge-oriented/absorbedinacquiringknowledgev5:areentitledtofreeadmissionsv23:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:WhenSandyrecoveredfromcancer,herdoctor_(把此归因于她坚强的毅力和对未来的信念).v2:IfJimisnotintheclassroom,_(那他就在图书馆).v3:Illseeyouagainnextmonth,butinthemeantime,_(让我们保持联系).v4:Iknewnobodyatallonmyfirstdaythereand_(我感到很不适应).v5:Therestaurantnextdoorservesgoodfood,buttheoneacrossthestreetismuchbetter_(就服务而言).vv24:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Animalexperimentswillcontinuetobenecessarytoresolveexistingmedicalproblems_(尽管一些人公开反对).v2:_(为公正起见),wedecidedtousetwodifferentmethodstotestthestudentsEnglishability.v3:Ifyougoonwastingyourmoneylikethis,_(你最终将会陷入债务之中).v4:Themistakemusthavebeenman-made,foramachinecanonlyoperateontheinstruction_(而不能随心所欲).v5:_(他不顾自己身有残疾).Hehasbeendedicatedtoimprovingthemedicalcareinthecommunity.vv23:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:attributedittohergreatstoicism/willpower/perseveranceandfirmbeliefinthefuturev2:thenhemustbeinthelibraryv3:letskeepintouchv4:feltveryuneasy/uncomfortablev5:asfarasserviceisconcernedvv24:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:eventhoughsomepeopleobjectto/areagainstitopenlyv2:Tobefairv3:youwillendupindebtv4:insteadofdoing/operatingasonewishesv5:Despitethefactthatheisdisabledpersonally/himselfvv25:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Attheendofhisspeech,theschoolmasterencouragedthechildrentoworkhard_(不要让父母失望).v2:Thelittleboynextdoorhasbeenbeatinghisdrumforawholemorning,whichgotonmynervessomuch_(以至于我无法集中注意力学习).v3:Inthebudgetforthisbuilding,theyfailedto_(考虑价格增长的因素).v4:Thescientisttriedtoconvinceusthatatigerwouldnotattackus_(除非它走途无路).v5:OnlyafterIslappedhimontheback_(他才发现我并高兴得叫起来).vv26:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Ididntevenspeaktohim,_(更不用说与他讨论事情).v2:Becauseoftheeconomicdepression,realestateagentsareinthedilemmaof_(或降低房价或减少销售量).v3:_(尽管非常喜欢汽车).Manypeopleappealtotheextensiveuseofthepublictransportsystem,whichcancutdownontrafficcongestion.v4:Alexhasthehabitofreadinganewspaper_(在吃早饭的时候).v5:_(每当天气不好时),hetakeswhateverumbrellahecanfind.vv25:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:andnottolettheirparentsdownv2:thatIhavenowaytoconcentrateonmystudyv3:consider/takeintoaccountthefactorofpricerisev4:unlessitscorneredv5:didhenoticemeandshoutedwithhappinessvv26:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:letalonediscusswithhimv2:eitherreducingthepriceordecreasingthesalesv3:Thoughlikingcarsverymuch/veryfondofcarsv4:duringbreakfastv5:Whenevertheweatherisbad/notgood/inbadweathervv27:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Heworkedveryhard,but_(得不到父母所期盼的好成绩).v2:Lookatthebreadleftoveronthetable,_(把这些事物浪费掉多可惜)!v3:ProfessorClarkwasabitstrictwithus,_(但我们确实从他那里学到了很多).v4:Someyoungpeoplewouldrathertryhardthemselvestogothroughlifethan_(求助于他们的父母)withasenseofguilt.v5:Nowthatyouhavetoldmealittleaboutyourpast,_(你不妨把全部情况都告诉我).vv28:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Hehasdonesomuchforthepoorinhiscommunitythat_(再怎么赞扬他都不过分).v2:Thespokesmanadmittedthatthegovernmentsthoughtlesspolicyhadcausedacrisisthat_(根本就不该发生).v3:Teamworkhashelpedhimtoadvancehisnewtheorywhich_(似乎已走进死胡同).v4:Hewasdisabledfrombirth,butheneverfeltfrustrated,_(也从未屈服于任何困难).v5:Forthesakeofhissafety,thegovernmentaskedhimnottotakepartinsocialactivities,_(但他却置若罔闻).vv29:PartVITranslation:(5minutes)v1:Havingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路).v2:_(为了挣钱供我上学),Motheroftentakesonmoreworkthanisgoodforher.v3:Theprofessor