高考语法复习主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致：谓语动词的数必须和主语的主谓一致：谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致，这就叫主谓一致。人称和数一致，这就叫主谓一致。语法一致语法一致The boy is playing outside.意义一致意义一致The majority of primary school teachers are women.邻近关系邻近关系There is a table and some chairs here.一一.单形名词单形名词1.集体名词集体名词The cattle _ kept on the farm.(be)people,police,cattle,public(牛群牛群)+复谓复谓The population of the world _ growing fast.One third of the population here _ workers.(be)family,class,team,population,group,nation,world,government：整体：整体-单谓单谓集体里的成员集体里的成员-复谓复谓areisare2.单形表复数单形表复数More than one answer _ written down.More windows than one _ closed.More than two hundred soldiers _ killed in the battle.A day or two _ enough.One or two reasons _ given.Many a student _ praised.more than one/aor two/many a单谓单谓isareisareareis3.两个形容词两个形容词+一个单形名词一个单形名词The red and the white rose _ both beautiful.English and French grammar _ very difficult to learn.该单数名词如有复数概念则用复谓。该单数名词如有复数概念则用复谓。areare二二.复形名词复形名词No news _ good news.单数概念用单谓单数概念用单谓:学科学科politics，疾病，疾病measles，人名，人名Jones，国家，国家the statesScales _ brought by Shylock.双数概念用复谓双数概念用复谓:trousers,shoes,glasses,compasses,scissorsClothes _ worn to keep warm.复数概念用复谓复数概念用复谓:群岛，山脉，奥运会群岛，山脉，奥运会isareareTen years _ a moment in history.Five thousand pounds _ a large sum.Three hundred miles _ a long history.表示时间，金钱，距离的复数名词用单谓。表示时间，金钱，距离的复数名词用单谓。isisis三三.并列主语并列主语Fish and chips _ a popular supper.The poet and writer _ coming.and 结构表同一概念用单谓。结构表同一概念用单谓。The poet and the writer _ coming.and 结构表不同概念用复谓。结构表不同概念用复谓。Every/each hour and every/each day _ important.该结构分做两个单独概念时用单谓。该结构分做两个单独概念时用单谓。isisareisHe or I _ in the wrong.Either the sweater or the shirts _ a good buy.Not only the students but also their teacher _ enjoying the film.Neither he nor we _ mistaken.以上结构遵循就近一致原则。以上结构遵循就近一致原则。amareisare四四.插入语插入语The boy together with his dog _ here.No one but your parents _ there then.The teacher,including his students,_ going to see Professor Smith.I added to the crowds _ excited.as well as,rather than,like,but,except,besides,(along/together)with,including,added to 等插入语不记入主语成分。等插入语不记入主语成分。iswasisam五五.表部分的名词表部分的名词+of+名词名词She is one of the engineers who _ expert in German.She is the only one of the engineers who _ expert in German.one of+复数名词的定语从句用复谓，但有复数名词的定语从句用复谓，但有the/the only 等修饰语是定语从句用单谓。等修饰语是定语从句用单谓。areisA number of people _ ill these days.The number of students _ sixty in our class.There _ an total of 8 English classes in one week.The total of English classes in one week _ 8.a/an number/total/average+of+复数名复数名词用复谓，词用复谓，the 用单谓。用单谓。areisareisA part of the story _ not true.A part of the apples _ bad.120 percent of the people _ men.70 percent of the earth _ covered with water.some of,part of,plenty of,a lot of,lots of,most of,the rest of,all of,half of,percent of 等短语的谓语动词与等短语的谓语动词与 of 后的名后的名词一致。词一致。isareareisMachines of this new type _ made in China.A new type of machine _ on show now.This kind of apples _ highly priced.Apples of this kind _ highly priced.kind/type/sort of,of this kind/type/sort 等等短语的谓语动词与短语的谓语动词与 of 前的名词一致。前的名词一致。areisisare六六.短语、从句、句子短语、从句、句子In the evening _ best for me.More and more teenagers begin to smoke _ a social problem.“How do you do?”_ not a question but a greeting.What greedy Jim wants _ love,money and power.What he says and what he does _ not the same.isisisareare七七.倒装结构倒装结构Gone _ the days when you are a naughty boy.Each time _ she helpful.倒装句中的谓语动词与句子主语一致。倒装句中的谓语动词与句子主语一致。There _ a pen,two books and some paper on the desk.当当 there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致语应与最邻近的主语保持一致isisare八八.the+adj./pp.The rich _ to help the poor.The wounded _ a young boy.The mistaken _ to be corrected.指物用单谓，指人依据具体指代对象而定。指物用单谓，指人依据具体指代对象而定。areisis九九.代词代词Everything around us _ matter.Somebody _ using the phone.Everyone in our class _ lovely.None of the money _ mine.不定代词作主语多用单谓，少数具体情况用不定代词作主语多用单谓，少数具体情况用复谓。复谓。isisareis十十.数词数词Two and two _ four.Three times three _ nine.Ten divided by two _ five.What _ six and two?数词要求动词的一致可分为语法一致和意义数词要求动词的一致可分为语法一致和意义一致。一致。is/areisisisOne and a half bananas _ left on the table.one and a half+复数名词用单谓。复数名词用单谓。Large quantities/amounts of food _ wasted.由由 quantities of,amounts of+名词构成主名词构成主语，用复谓。语，用复谓。isare