九年级英语Grammar知识精讲 湘教版 试题.doc

九年级英语Grammar知识精讲一. 本周教学内容： Grammar（九年级上册）二. 教学重难点：（一）并列句（Compound Sentence）并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成的句子，连词前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。这些连接词在句中起连接句子的作用，同时它们还表示并列、条件、结果、转折、让步和因果关系。 1. 表示并列的连词有：and，not only，but also，neithernor，so，on one hand，on the other hand等。如：这是我们的房子，而那是他的房子。This is our house and that is his. 上个星期他没去游泳，我也没去。He didnt go swimming last week, neither did I.他不但聪明而且勤奋。He is not only clever, but also hard-working.一方面我得工作，另一方面我又要接待许多来访者。On one hand I have to work, on the other hand I have a lot of visitors. 2. 表示条件或结果关系的连词有and，or等。再说一句话，我就打扁你。One more word and Ill beat you flat. 赶快，否则你会迟到的。Hurry up, or you will be late.3. 表示转折和让步关系的连接词有：but，while，however，yet，still等。如：他英语好，但数学差。He is good at English, but he is weak in maths.虽然我没有成功，但我绝不会放弃任何希望。I havent succeeded, however, Ill never give up any hope.汤姆每天做家务，而他的妹妹什么也不做。Tom does housework every day while his sister does nothing.4. 表示因果关系的连接词：for，so等。如：我得了重感冒，所以今天我没去上学。Ive got a very bad cold, so I didnt go to school today.地面很湿，因为昨晚下雨了。The ground is very wet, for it rained last night.二. 定语从句以一个从句的形式修饰或者限制主句中的名词、代词、短语等，叫定语从句。定语从句通常由关系代词和关系副词引导，被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有：who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；whose指人或物，在从句中作定语；that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。关系代词作宾语时可以省略。那个和老师讲话的女士是我的母亲。The woman who is talking with our teacher is my mother.（作主语）医生是关照人们健康的人。The doctor is a person who looks after peoples health.（作主语）你刚才见到的那个人是我叔叔。The man（whom）you saw just now is my uncle.（作宾语，可省略）这就是你要找他谈话的那个学生。This is the student（whom）you want to talk with.（作宾语，可省略）那些被点了名的学生站起来了。The students whose names were called stood up.（作定语）我喜欢窗户朝南开的房子。I like the houses whose windows face the south. （作定语）你昨天买的那本书很有用。The book（that/which）you bought yesterday is very useful.（作宾语，可省略）我能为你做点什么吗？Is there anything（that）I can do for you？（作宾语，可省略）在桌子上的那支笔是我的。The pen that/which lies on the table is mine. （作主语）拓展：1. 在英语中先行词指人，作宾语时既可以用whom，也可以用who和that，也可以省略。2. that和which的区别：（1）下列情况只用that不用which。当先行词前有序数词、形容词的最高级以及其他限定词时，只用that不用which。这是我有生以来的第一次旅行。This is my first trip that I have made in my life.他参观过的最美的地方是张家界。The most beautiful place that he has visited is Zhang jia jie.这是我给他的唯一的礼物。This is the only gift that I have given him.当先行词的不定代词时，如：anything，everything，nothing，all，none，much，little等词时，只用that不用which。她拿走了属于她的一切东西。She took away everything that belongs to her.我将告诉你一些昨晚发生的奇怪的事情。Ill tell you something strange that happened yesterday evening.当有两个以上的先行词（一个指人，另一个指物时），也只用that不用which。老人谈起他能记得的人和事。The old man talked about the persons and things that he could remember.（2）下列情况只用which不用that。在非限定性定语从句中，只用which不用that。他又迟到了，这使老师很生气。He came to school late again, which made his teacher very angry.当关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时，只用which不用that。我正在写的这支钢笔不是我的。The pen with which I am writing doesnt belong to me.他所居住的那座房子是去年建的。The house in which he lives was built last year.3. 引导定语从句的关系副词有：when指时间，在从句中作时间状语；where指地点，在从句中作地点状语；why指原因，在从句中作状语。别浪费了你在中学读书的时间。Dont waste time when you study in the middle school.这就是我们上次看足球的地方。This is the place where we watched the football match last time.你告诉了老师你迟到的原因吗？Have you told the teacher the reason why you were late？注意：有时候先行词指时间或地点，但关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语，这时只用which和that。这是我们十年前参观过的那所大学。This is the university that/which we visited ten years ago.（作宾语）这就是我们十年前学习过的学校。This is the school where we studied ten years ago.（作地点状语）我将永远忘不了我们在一起度过的那些日子。Ill never forget the days that/which we spent together.（作定语）我将永远忘不了我们在学校学习的那些日子。Ill never forget the days when we studied at school.（作时间状语）【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）一. 选择最佳答案：1. The place interests the children most is Childrens Palace.A. that B. where C. what D. in which 2. Is this the first time you have been to Beijing？A. when B. which C. that D. for which3. The streets you get to the station is called Wuyi Street.A. along with B. in which C. about which D. along which 4. There is no child love their parents.A. who dont B. who did C. who do D. who doesnt5. Is he the student to you gave the work？A. that B. which C. who D. whom 6. He was the only passenger was saved in the accident.A. whom B. which C. who D. /7. This is the school we visited last year.A. that B. where C. in that D. at which 8. The days finally came I was given a job.A. which B. when C. so that D. since9. We will never forget the day I joined the League.A. which B. when C. in which D. on that10. September 18th 1913 is the day well never forget.A. that B. when C. on which D. on that 11. Is this factory you visited last year？A. where B. in which C. the one D. at which 12. Is this the factory we visited last year？A. where B. in which . the one D. which 13. Is this the factory your father works？A. where B. of which C. that D. in that 14. Is this the factory color TV sets are produced？A. that B. which C. in which D. in that 15. Do you know the person about we are talking？A. whom B. that C. about that D. whose 二. 改错。 （ ）1. Why not consider visit Singapore. A B C D （ ）2. I love places what the people are really friendly. A B C D （ ）3. I hope to see Niagara Falls some days. A B C D （ ）4. Nothing can stop us to study English well. A B C D （ ）5. I dont think there is something else more important. A B C D三. 完形填空。The bicycle is one of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world. What is most surprising is that it was not 1 earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things were not produced 2 long after he died.A person riding a bicycle uses 3 energy（能源）to make the bicycle move, and there is no pollution at all when you are riding. Even so, in developed 4 , most people dont travel to work by bicycle. It is not because the bicycles are expensive or people feel 5 if they ride to work. Its because 6 cars on the roads become larger. It certainly becomes 7 to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put their bicycles away and go to work 8 their cars and, in this way, the situation（情形）is made more serious. 9 the best way to make riding safer and more popular is to create paths（开设通道）only for bicycles, and to make 10 so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to using their bicycles.（ ）1. A. inventing B. invent C. invented D. to invent （ ）2. A. before B. since C. when D. until （ ）3. A. quite a lot of B. much C. very little D. many （ ）4. A. world B. countries C. earth D. land （ ）5. A. glad B. lucky C. sorry D. tired（ ）6. A. the number ofB. this kind ofC. a number of D. all kinds of （ ）7. A. safer B. more dangerousC. safe D. much dangerous（ ）8. A. by B. in C. drive D. use （ ）9. A. May be B. Hardly C. Perhaps D. Nearly（ ）10. A. it B. us C. them D. that参考答案一. 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A11. C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A二. 1. D visiting 2. A where 3. D some day 4. C studying 5. C anything else三. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A