英语语法ppt课件.ppt

1篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o句子可分成：句子可分成：o 简单句简单句simple sentence (有五种基本结构有五种基本结构)o o并列句并列句compound sentence o（由两个或两个以上的简单句，由并列连词连接而（由两个或两个以上的简单句，由并列连词连接而 成。）成。）oThe signal was given,and the steamer moved slowly from the dock.oHurry or you wont catch the bus.oI had a drink,then I went home.（连接副词）连接副词）oIt rained,therefore the game was called off.（连接副词）连接副词）o 复合句复合句 complex sentence 2篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o o 复合句复合句(Complex Sentences)o 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。复合句中的从句根据在句子中所担任的成分可不能独立。复合句中的从句根据在句子中所担任的成分可以分以分为名词性从句为名词性从句、定语从句定语从句和和状语从句状语从句。o 3篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o 名词性从句名词性从句o名词从句包括名词从句包括主语主语、宾语宾语、表语表语和和同位语同位语从句。它们可以由下从句。它们可以由下列连词引导：列连词引导：o从属连词从属连词 that,whether,if；o连接代词连接代词 who(ever),whom,whose,what(ever),which(ever)；o连接副词连接副词 when,where,why,how,how much/many/long/often 等。等。4 1主语从句主语从句(Subject Clause)主语从句在句中作主语。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、连接代主语从句在句中作主语。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、连接代词、连接副词等，它们在句中一般不能省略。词、连接副词等，它们在句中一般不能省略。How they get rid of poverty is a big problem.That mathematics finds its use in every science is evident.Whoever is tired may rest.Why the earth moves round the sun is quite clear now.5篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o注意：注意：o主语从句常放在句尾，而用主语从句常放在句尾，而用 it 作形式主语使句子更加平衡（这时口语作形式主语使句子更加平衡（这时口语中常省略中常省略 that）,如上面第一、二句可改成：如上面第一、二句可改成：It is a big problem how they get rid of poverty It is evident(that)mathematics finds its use in every science.o但下列情况下必须把主语从句放在句尾而用但下列情况下必须把主语从句放在句尾而用 it 作形式主语：作形式主语：o（1）主句谓语是被动语态时。）主句谓语是被动语态时。It is reported that many houses were destroyed.It is said that he is a good doctor.o（2）主句是疑问句或感叹句时。）主句是疑问句或感叹句时。Is it true that the film star will come?How wonderful it is that well visit the Great Wall tomorrow.o 6篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o（3）主句谓语动词是）主句谓语动词是 appear,turn out,happen,occur,come,strike,follow,matter 等时。等时。It happened that she had a cold and didnt go with us that day.oIt turned out that I was wrong.o（4）表示说话人的推测或评价，如在表示说话人的推测或评价，如在 it seems,it may be,it is(un)likely,it is(im)possible,it is a pity,it is a wonder 等结构中。等结构中。It seems that this test is reliable.It is a pity(that)she cant go with us.o（5）强调主句的表语时。强调主句的表语时。It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is necessary that he would do so.7篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o_(你说的话）is right.o_(无论谁违反法律）will be punished.oIts strange _(他睡得这么早）.oIt is doubtful _(他是否回来）.o_(他们考试失败）is entirely surprising.oIt is still a question _(他是否能康复）.oIt seems _(他不喜欢这事务）.o_(我们是否会去那儿）depends on the weather.8篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统oWhat you said is right.oWhoever breaks the law will be punished.oIts strange that he has go to bed so early.oIt is doubtful whether he will come.oThat they failed in the exams is entirely surprising.oIt is still a question whether he will recover.oIt seems that you dont like the food.oWhether we ll go there depends on the weather.9篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o2宾语从句宾语从句(Object Clause)o 宾语从句在句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的关联词和引导主语从句宾语从句在句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的关联词和引导主语从句的关联词相同（的关联词相同（that由于不担任成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常被由于不担任成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略）。省略）。o I thought(that)you must have read the English book.oWe should learn to tell whether the element is poisonous or not.oDo you know who invented telephone?o He will write to us about what he saw in England.10篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统 注意：注意：（1）宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，常将从句移至句末，而用宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，常将从句移至句末，而用 it 做形式宾语放在做形式宾语放在前面。前面。I think it fit that you take over the business.oThe experiment makes it clear that air has pressure.（2）宾语从句可作某些介词和某些作表语用的形容词的宾语。）宾语从句可作某些介词和某些作表语用的形容词的宾语。The resistance of a wire also depends upon what material it is made of.We are sure(that)it will be a success.o引导宾语从句的形容词常是一些表示感情的形容词：引导宾语从句的形容词常是一些表示感情的形容词：glad，pleased，relieved，sorry或表示渴望、信心等的形容词和分词：或表示渴望、信心等的形容词和分词：afraid，anxious，aware，certain，confident，conscious，convinced等。等。oI am delighted that you passed your exam o Im afraid that I cant come till next week o Are you certain that this is the right road？11篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o（3）宾语从句可以是直接引语也可以是间接引语）宾语从句可以是直接引语也可以是间接引语.oHe asked me,“Are you from Guang Zhou city,Guangdong province?”（直接引语）（直接引语）oHe asked me whether I was from Guangzhou city,Guangdong province.（间接引语）（间接引语）12篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统oBoth of them agreed _(这是个好主意）.oI know _(你指的是什么）.oShe didnt say _(她什么时候离开）.oThe man asked _(你是否要这张票）.oIll be very interested in _(你要做什么）.oThe boy is afraid that _(不允许他进去）.13篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统oBoth of them agreed that it was a good idea.oI know what you mean.oShe didnt say when she is leaving.oThe man asked whether you wanted the ticket.oIll be very interested in what you will do.oThe boy is afraid that he will not be allowed to come in.14篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o3表语从句表语从句(Predicative Clause)o表语从句在句中作表语。引导表语从句的词与引导主语从句的词相同，表语从句在句中作表语。引导表语从句的词与引导主语从句的词相同，但连词但连词because,as if 也可以引导表语从句。也可以引导表语从句。o The reason is(that)we havent raised enough money.That is what we want to know.o It looks as if a storm is coming up.oThat is because he was after fame.15篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统oThe trouble is _(我们缺少资金）.oYour greatest fault is _(太粗心）.oThat is _(我为什么要你在这儿工作）.oAsia is no longer _(不再是以前的那样了）.oThats _(他们如何逃跑的）.oHis first question was _(他妈妈是否已经到达了）.16篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统oThe trouble is that we are short of funds.oYour greatest fault is that you are so careless.oThat is why I want you to work there.oAsia is no longer what it used to be.oThats how they escaped.oHis first question was whether his mum had arrived yet.17篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o4同位语从句同位语从句(Appositive Clause)o 同位语从句在句中作同位语，是与先行词同位或等同的从句。其先同位语从句在句中作同位语，是与先行词同位或等同的从句。其先行词多为行词多为belief,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,promise,question,remark,reply,report,thought,truth 等抽象名词；其引导词多为等抽象名词；其引导词多为that（在口语中可省去），也可用（在口语中可省去），也可用 whether，what,where 等。如：等。如：oThere can be no doubt that well finish in time.oMost people are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms.oWe should discuss carefully the important question whether or not we can complete the task within a week.oThen arose the question where we could get them.oI have no idea when he will be back.18篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o注意注意:that 在同位语从句中不作任何句子成分，只起引导从句的作在同位语从句中不作任何句子成分，只起引导从句的作用，而在定语从句中用，而在定语从句中 that 还充当主语还充当主语,宾语或状语宾语或状语.试比较：试比较：oNo one can deny the fact that he has made great achievements in his work.oThis is the picture that the little boy drew yesterday.o 19篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o Lets do exercises,ok?20篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o 复合句（复合句（名词性从句）名词性从句）o一、选择填空：一、选择填空：o1.he survived the accident is a miracle.oA.What B.That C.Which D.Ifo2.I dont know he will attend the concert.oA.whose B.whichC.that D.whethero3.will attend the meeting has not been decided yet.oA.Whoever B.Who C.Where D.Whomo4.we cant get seems better than we have.oA.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;whato5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.oA.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenevero6.She thought I was talking about her daughter,in fact,I was talking my daughter.oA.whom B.where C.which D.while21篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o 复合句（复合句（名词性从句）名词性从句）o一、选择填空：一、选择填空：o1.he survived the accident is a miracle.oA.What B.That C.Which D.Ifo2.I dont know he will attend the concert.oA.whose B.whichC.that D.whethero3.will attend the meeting has not been decided yet.oA.Whoever B.Who C.Where D.Whomo4.we cant get seems better than we have.oA.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;whato5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.oA.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenevero6.She thought I was talking about her daughter,in fact,I was talking my daughter.oA.whom B.where C.which D.while22篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o7.Go and get your coat.Its you left it.oA.there B.where C.there where D.where thereo8.No one can be sure in a million years.oA.what man will look like B.what will man look likeoC.man will look what D.what look will man likeo9.caused the accident is still a complete mystery.oA.What B.ThatC.How D.Whereo10.A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.oA.how B.after C.what D.wheno11.Can you tell me?oA.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is whooC.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentlemano12.The reason he was late for school was he had been knocked down by a bicycle.oA.that;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because23篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o7.Go and get your coat.Its you left it.oA.there B.where C.there where D.where thereo8.No one can be sure in a million years.oA.what man will look like B.what will man look likeoC.man will look what D.what look will man likeo9.caused the accident is still a complete mystery.oA.What B.ThatC.How D.Whereo10.A computer can only do you have instructed it to do.oA.how B.after C.what D.wheno11.Can you tell me?oA.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is whooC.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentlemano12.The reason he was late for school was he had been knocked down by a bicycle.oA.that;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because24篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o13.I didnt know what .oA.is the matter B.was the matter oC.the matter has been D.the matter iso14.The question is we can get the loan.oA.that B.why C.how D.whato15.There is some evidence dishonesty may ebb and flow.oA.whyB.how C.whenD.thato16.I have no idea he will go abroad next week.oA.what B.whenoC.that D.whicho17.The young couple was worried because neither of them was aware they had lost the necklace.oA.the plane B.where whichC.where D.of whereo18.We were all overjoyed at the news the experiment turned out to be a success.oA.which B.that C.when D.what25篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o13.I didnt know what .oA.is the matter B.was the matter oC.the matter has been D.the matter iso14.The question is we can get the loan.oA.that B.why C.how D.whato15.There is some evidence dishonesty may ebb and flow.oA.whyB.how C.whenD.thato16.I have no idea he will go abroad next week.oA.what B.whenoC.that D.whicho17.The young couple was worried because neither of them was aware they had lost the necklace.oA.the plane B.where whichC.where D.of whereo18.We were all overjoyed at the news the experiment turned out to be a success.oA.which B.that C.when D.what26篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o二、辨认错误二、辨认错误o1.Why was responsible for the accident is not yet clearo A B CDo2.How I will be married to his cousin is not at all surprising.o A B C Do3.Eat whichever one you like and leave the others for whatevero A B C Do comes in late.o4.Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for that o A B C oI must say.o Do5.The fact is what he didnt notice the car until too late.o A B C D27篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统o6.I wondered how he could make that rapid progress in his study of Frencho A B CDo7.No one could understand that he was talking abouto A B C Do8.The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware o A Bo of the place she had gone.o C Do9.It makes their situation so unusual is that they live in Canada but o A B C Doearn their living in the United States.o10.Now that the match is over,it is useless for us to care about o A Bono matter whether we were fairly treated or not.o C D28篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Bye Bye 29