少儿英语音标教学课件PPT.ppt

Holly JoeIPA-International Phonetic Alphabet音标音标音素和国际音标音素和国际音标 1什么是音素什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类音素的分类：元音和辅音。：元音和辅音。3音素的个数音素的个数：共：共48个，元音音素个，元音音素20个，辅个，辅 音音音音 素素28个。个。4什么是音标什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。记录世界各主要语言的语音。元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。国际音标 元音元音分类分类：英语中共有英语中共有48个音标，元音个音标，元音20个，辅音个，辅音28个。个。单元音单元音双元音双元音前元音前元音中元音中元音后元音后元音/i:/,/,/e/,/:/,/,/u:/,/,/:/,/,/:/e/,/a/,/,/,/a/,/,/e/,/辅音辅音爆破音爆破音磨檫音磨檫音 鼻音鼻音半元音半元音舌边音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/f/,/v/,/,/3/,/,/,/s/,/z/,/h/,/r/,/t/,/d3/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/m/,/n/,/l/w/,/j/Vowels（元音）（元音）-pure vowels（单元音）（单元音）前元音：前元音：/i:/,/,/e/,/i:/例词：例词：he sea tree field短语：短语：green leaves deep sea clean street eat the meat 例句：例句：A:Would you like coffee or tea?B:Tea,please.A:OK.I have tea,too./-/i/例词：例词：pin ship hill chicks短语：短语：a big ship fifty pictures Miss Smith interesting films例句：例句：A:Is Lily in?B:Lily is ill in bed.C:Oh,Im sorry./e/-/例词：例词：pen head leg well短语：短语：ten pence very well expensive cigarettes went to America例句：例句：A:How did you spend your holiday?B:I went to Beijing.A:Was it expensive?B:Yes,very./例词：例词：apple lantern hand parachute短语短语：black cat mad man traveling bag matter-of fact例句：例句：A:Ann is traveling to Japan.B:How happy she is!A:She is very happy.Vowels（元音）（元音）-pure vowels（单元音）（单元音）中元音：中元音：/:/,/,/:/-/:/例词：例词：girl bird work turn短语：短语：early bird superb work thirsty person perfect search例句：例句：A:He always arrives work early.B:But he wasnt early this morning.A:You werent early either./例词：例词：teacher picture breakfast welcome短语：短语：a glass of water a quarter to seven brothers and sisters a book about China例句：例句：A:look at the clock！B:whats the time?A:its a quarter to seven/例词：例词：cup run jump flood短语：短语：hurry up!trust us!rubbish dump mustnt worry例句：例句：A:Its sunny today.B:Yes,isnt it.A:My uncle will go to London next Monday.B:How lucky he is!Vowels（元音）（元音）-pure vowels（单元音）（单元音）后元音：后元音：/u:/,/,/:/,/,/:/u:/例词：例词：zoo who food blue短语：短语：a tooth for a tooth Sue and Lucy fruit juice two shoes例句：例句：A:Look at my new shoes?B:Oh,they are beautiful.A:Your boots are beautiful,too./-/v/例词：例词：foot wood book push短语：短语：good cook good book couldnt look pudding without sugar例句：例句：A:Where did you put the book?B:Which book?A:The book you bought yesterday./:/例词：例词：fork ball morning airport短语：短语：four balls score board morning glory sports reporter例句：例句：A:I see two children on the blackboard.B:He is short.A:She is shorter./-/例词：例词：cock shop job hospital短语：短语：hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot例句：例句：A:I have a bad cough.B:You must see a doctor.A:Yes,I must go to the hospital./:/例词：例词：car garden star guitar短语：短语：fast car half mast heart transplant stars and bars例句：例句：A:You look very smart today.B:Thank you.C:What a marvelous dancer you are.Let me take a photograph of you.Vowels（元音）（元音）-diphthongs（双元音）（双元音）/e/,/a/,/,/,/a/,/,/e/,/e/-/ei/例词：例词：face rain cake wait短语：短语：eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail例句：例句：A:Its my birthday today.B:Happy birthdayA:Thank you.Come to my birthday party.And dont be late./a/-/ai/例词：例词：sky kite write bicycle短语短语:white lie high tide eye for eye silent night例句：例句：A:Its a fine day today.The sun is shining brightly.B:Yes,I feel hot.I like an ice-cream now.A:Yes,I do,too./-/i/例词：例词：boy boil noise coin短语：短语：a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyces boyfriend例句：例句：A:Look at my toy gun.B:Oh,what a good toy!A:Shall we join our friends in the garden?B:Yes,lets go./-/v/例词：例词：coast throw boat toe短语：短语：Joes coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball例句：例句：A:Look!He has a boat.B:Is he going to row?A:I think so./a/-/av/例词：例词：cow house mouth trousers短语：短语：shout out brown mouse down town round lounge例句：例句：A:Is she milking the cow?B:Yes,she is.A:Is the cow in he house?B:No.She is on the dairy farm./-/i/例词：例词：ear queer zero beard短语：短语：the atmosphere here queer skier weary mountaineer experienced engineer例句：例句：A:Lets have some beer here.B:What a good idea!A:What shall we do after having beer?B:We shall go to the theatre./e/-/例词：例词：hair bare pear chair短语：短语：millionaires heir mayors parentssquare chairs careful librarian例句：例句：A:Where is my pen?B:Its over there on the chair.A:Thank you.Its really there./-/v/例词：例词：tour poor jury gourd短语：短语：poor tourists tour from China furious jury European gourd例句：例句：A:I received a letter from my uncle.Hes sick with influenza.B:Im sorry.Is he still in Europe.A:Yes.Hes still working in London.B:He must speak fluent English.辅音 发音位置相同清辅音：清辅音：发音时声带不震动浊辅音浊辅音：发音时声带震动清辅音清辅音 p t k f 浊辅音浊辅音b d g v 清辅音清辅音 s t ts tr浊辅音浊辅音z 3 d 3 dz drConsonants（辅音）（辅音）-plosives（爆破音）（爆破音）/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/p/例词：例词：pig pot pond plan短语：短语：pick up a pepper pot a piece of pork a pen and a pencil例句：例句：A:Do you collect stamps?B:Yes,I do.A:Will you show me your stamp album?B:Yes,they are upstairs.Let me go and fetch them./b/例词：例词：bus bed bench brush短语：短语：Big Ben a big bottle beautiful blouses blue butterflies例句：例句：A:Is this your handbag?B:No,it isnt my handbag is not brown.A:What color is you handbag?B:Its black./t/例词：例词：tie taxi tap telephone短语：短语：tit for tat tip of the tongue flat foot tale-teller例句：例句：A:Im hungry.I want something to eat.B:What about some steak?Lets go to the restaurant!A:Yes,lets go./d/例词：例词：door doctor head wind短语：短语：darling daughter dark red played cards listened to the radio例句：例句：A:What did you do last night？B:I studied last night.A:Did you study all night?B:No,I didnt.I listened to the radio for some time./k/例词：例词：car duck clock park短语：短语：the back of the car ask question a quarter to six cool as cucumber例句：例句：A:I like chocolate cakes.B:You do?Do you often have chocolate cakes?A:Yes,I do.B:If you want to keep fit,dont eat too many chocolate cakes./g/例词：例词：bag dog goat grape短语：短语：good girl go to the grocers as good as gold get angry例句：例句：A:Can you play the guitar?B:Yes,I played my guitar in the garden and song again and again with my friends last night.A:You must have had a good time last night.Consonants（辅音）（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）（摩擦音）/f/,/v/,/,/,/s/,/z/,/,/,/,/f/例词：例词：laugh fat fish family短语：短语：fresh fruit fast food soft sofa feel fine例句：例句：A:Look at Freda!She is fashionable.B:Her hat is funny.A:Look at her fur coat.Its fabulous./v/例词例词:vet village volcano television短语：短语：lovely view village vet leaving arriving leaves of the vine例句：例句：A:Whos driving the van?B:I think victor is.A:Who is victor?B:He is my new neighbor,he has lived here for only a few months./例词例词：tooth month thin thirsty短语：短语：three thousand Marthas birthday healthy author thirty mathematicians例句：例句：A:My father is a mathematician.B:No wonder you are good at mathematics.A:To tell you the truth,my father never teaches me math./例词例词：father breathe that feather短语：短语：smooth leather get together better than others another brother例句：例句：A:Lily is taller than Mary.B:But Mary is slimmer than Lily.A:Look at them.Theyre doing physical exercise together./s/例词：例词：sun small horse bicycle短语：短语：sleep soundly expensive cigarettes some books sit in the sun例句：例句：A:These are cups.B:Those are saucers.A:Theyre nice cups and saucers./z/例词：例词：zebra 【zebr zoo prize bees nose短语：短语：jazz music close the windows these days zero animal例句：例句：A:Lets go to the zoo.B:Good.I like looking at the zebras.C:I like the monkeys there.Lets go./例词：例词：delicious dilis】fish,sugar,shoe,shop,sure,show,Asia短语：短语：fashion shops friendship association British shoes washing machine例句：例句：A:This shop sells washing-machines.B:Do they sell air-conditioners,too.A:Sure./例词：例词：television teli,vin garage treasure pleasure measure 短语：短语：an unusual collision measure a garage a great decision my pleasure例句：例句：A:Lily likes clothes for casual wear.B:Clothes for casual wear are comfortable,A:I like to wear them in my leisure time.读单词massage msusually juulivision vnillusion lun/例词：例词：picture pktr kitchen kt()n cheek,chicken,nature,church,catch,watch 短语：短语：Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much例句：例句：A:Where are the two children?B:Theyre having lunch.A:Here are some cherries for them.B:Thank you very much./例词：例词：giraffe drf jeep jug orange bridge 短语：短语：a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine orange juice 例句：例句：A:I have an orange.B:Oh,your orange is large.Look!Ive got a large sandwich.A:Yes,it is a very large one.Consonants（辅音）（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）（摩擦音）/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/ts/students coats cats boats/dz/heads reads beds hands/tr/tree truck train trace/dr/dress drink drain dream名词复数的读音规则 名词复数读音练习friend friends 浊辅音后读作z cat cats 清辅音后读作ssport sports 清辅音后读作sfox foxes 以结尾读作izflash flashes 以结尾读作izcandy candies 以辅音+y结尾-ies读作izphoto photos 元音后读作zknife knives 浊辅音后读作z辅音 清辅音清辅音 h浊辅音浊辅音mnlrwj 鼻音鼻音 半元音半元音/h/例词：例词：hat ht hand,handbag,hair,whole 短语：短语：heart and hand high heels head-to-head happy honeymoon 例句：例句：A:There was a car accident here last Sunday.B:Oh,its horrible!A:Were you here when the accident happened?B:No,I only heard about it.读单词helmet helmitwho hu:hunter hntbehind bhndhouse has/r/例词：例词：rabbit rbt run,river,parrot,strawberry,write 短语：短语：American waitress a married secretary grown up children French restaurant例句：例句：A:Rose works as a secretary at the railway station.B:She does?She is a very pretty girl.A:Yes,very.读单词ride raidred redrat rtrun rnConsonants（辅音）（辅音）-nasals（鼻音）（鼻音）/m/,/n/,/m/例词：例词：milk milkmeet,summer,swimmer,comb,climb,autumn短语：短语：man-made make a mistake come tomorrow middle name例句：例句：A:Mum has come back home.B:Marvelous.A:Mom says well go and see a movie tonight.B:Yes,we certainly will.读单词murmur m:mscream skri:mice cream ais kri:m/n/例词：例词：neck nek number,funny,dinner,knife,knee,know短语：短语：neat brandy a negative answer telephone number harden the neck例词：例词：A:What a nice postcard of the Grand Canyon!B:They are wonderful.A:Who sent it to you?B:A friend of mine.never nevnew nju:neighbour neib/例词：例词：drink drikmonkey,pink,bank,king,song,thing,spring 短语：短语：ring-ding rising diphthong strong string playing ping-pang例句：例句：A:Do you like drinking tea?B:Yes,I do.A:We are advised to drink more tea than coffee.B:Tea is good for health.读单词bring brispring spricharming ta:mithank kthing iConsonants（辅音）（辅音）-lateral（舌侧音）（舌侧音）/l/例词：例词：lock lkblack,lion,lamb,sleep,lawyer,bell,ballon短语短语 early for lunch leg of lamb a glass of lemonade yellow jelly例句：例句：A:Mum,is lunch ready?Im hungry.B:OK,lunch is ready.A:Whats for lunch,Mum?B:Well have lamb and potato salad./l/读单词sale seilballoon blu:nlady ledilove lvConsonants（辅音）（辅音）-semi-vowels（半元音）（半元音）/j/,/w/j/例词：例词：year【ji yellow,yesterday,yard,young,yoghurt,yell yolk 短语：短语：yolk yellow new years day new York university a tough onion例句：例句：A:My brother was a music student.B:What does he do now?A:He is now in Europe working as a business man.读单词YO-YO ju juYolk juklawyer【l:j】/w/例词：例词：wash wweek,water,swim,worker,wheel,wheat,white 短语：短语：weight watcher weave a web weeping willow wet wind例句：例句：A:Dont look out of the window.B:Oh,Im sorry,Im thinking of my dog.Today is a wet day.A:Do you think your dog will be lost in the woods on a wet day?读单词sweat swetwin win window wnd Holly JoeHolly JoeHolly JoeHolly Joe