阅读攻略 2.ppt

2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司二推理判断题二推理判断题 推理判断推理判断题题考考查查学生根据字学生根据字面意思，通面意思，通过过全篇全篇逻辑逻辑关系，关系，研究研究细节细节的暗示，推敲作者的的暗示，推敲作者的态态度，理解文章寓意的能力。度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断推理判断题题所涉及的内容可所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句能是文中某一句话话，也可能是，也可能是某几句某几句话话，甚至是文章或段落，甚至是文章或段落的主的主题题。不。不论论做哪一做哪一类类推断推断题题，指指导导思想都是要以文字信息思想都是要以文字信息为为依据，不能浮于表面，但也不依据，不能浮于表面，但也不能做多步推理。常用的提能做多步推理。常用的提问问方方式有：式有：在在阅读阅读中，如果文章作者运用的中，如果文章作者运用的语语言比言比较较直率，直率，表达比表达比较较直截了当，那么即便我直截了当，那么即便我们仅仅们仅仅理解其理解其字面意思，也不会影响我字面意思，也不会影响我们们的理解。然而，大的理解。然而，大多数情况下，我多数情况下，我们们所所读读的文章比的文章比较较含蓄，作者含蓄，作者经经常把需要我常把需要我们们理解的意思不直接表达出来，理解的意思不直接表达出来，而期待我而期待我们们去去领领悟文章的内在含悟文章的内在含义义。这这种情况种情况下，如果我下，如果我们们只理解只理解语语言的字面意思，就会妨言的字面意思，就会妨碍我碍我们对们对文章真正内涵的理解。我文章真正内涵的理解。我们们只有通只有通过过作者所提供的信息，作者所提供的信息，进进行推理、作出行推理、作出结论结论，才，才能达到真正理解文章的目的。因此解能达到真正理解文章的目的。因此解题时题时可按可按以下三步走：以下三步走：2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司1It can be inferred from the text that _.2We can conclude that _.3When the writer talks about.，what he really means is that _.4Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage?5The writer suggests that _.6It can be learned that _.【使用说明使用说明】定位定位时时需注意：需注意：1题题干有干有线线索，定位原文相关索，定位原文相关语语句做出句做出推理；推理；2题题干无干无线线索，如索，如It can be inferred from the passage that.等，在等，在选项选项中中寻寻找找线线索，索，排除不可能的排除不可能的选项选项，依据最可能，依据最可能选项选项中的关中的关键词键词定位原句，做出推理；定位原句，做出推理；3infer，conclude题题型或推型或推测测上段或下段上段或下段内容的内容的题题型，型，须须到文章或段落主到文章或段落主题题所在位置所在位置作判断。作判断。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司例文例文1I announced，“Theyre on the wrong feet.”With the grace that only experience can bring，she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again.Then I said，“These arent my boots，you know.”As she pulled the offending boots from my feet，she still managed to look both helpful and interested.Once they were off，I said，“They are my brothers boots.My mother makes me wear them，and I hate them！”Somehow，from long years of practice，she managed to act as though I wasnt an annoying little girl.She pushed and shoved，less gently this time，and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet.With a great sigh of relief，seeing the end of her struggle with me，she asked，“Now，where are your gloves？”I looked into her eyes and said，“I didnt want to lose them，so I put them into the toes of my boots.”Step 1：定位定位题题干中提到干中提到help her put on her boots，由此可定位到，由此可定位到原文第四段。原文第四段。Step 2：详读详读文章第四段文章第四段讲讲述了述了当老当老师师第一次第一次给给小女孩穿上靴子之小女孩穿上靴子之后，小女孩告后，小女孩告诉诉老老师师穿穿错错脚了；第脚了；第二次穿上后，小女孩二次穿上后，小女孩恶恶作作剧剧地地说这说这不是她的靴子；第三次穿上后，老不是她的靴子；第三次穿上后，老师问师问她手套在哪里，她她手套在哪里，她说说手套在靴手套在靴子里。子里。Step 3：推理推理毫无疑毫无疑问问，老，老师给师给她脱下靴子拿出手套之后她脱下靴子拿出手套之后还还得得为为小小女孩第四次穿上靴子。女孩第四次穿上靴子。答案：答案：D2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司62It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter，the teacher had to help her put on her boots _.AonceBtwiceCthree times Dfour times语篇解读语篇解读友谊是美酒，年份越久越醇香浓友谊是美酒，年份越久越醇香浓厚；现代化的生活也许给人们带来厚；现代化的生活也许给人们带来的是更多的舒适与便利，但儿时的的是更多的舒适与便利，但儿时的送奶工却给送奶工却给“我我”留下无尽的美好回留下无尽的美好回忆。走进本文，感受一下作者对童忆。走进本文，感受一下作者对童年一段友谊的追忆。年一段友谊的追忆。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司例文例文2(2011年高考新课标全国卷年高考新课标全国卷)When milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s，we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep.His name was Mr.Basille.He wore a white cap and drove a white truck.As a 5yearold boy，I couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt.He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course，he delivered more than milk.There was cheese，eggs and so on.If we needed to change our order，my mother would pen a note“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”and place it in the box along with the empty bottles.And then，the buttermilk would magically appear.典例典例1C细节理解题。由第一段中细节理解题。由第一段中的的I couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt.可知是可知是为了满足为了满足“我我”的好奇心才给了我投的好奇心才给了我投币器里的一部分钱。币器里的一部分钱。2D推理判断题。一个非本家推理判断题。一个非本家庭成员却有本家庭的钥匙，肯定是庭成员却有本家庭的钥匙，肯定是他得到这个家庭的完全信任，家人他得到这个家庭的完全信任，家人对其人品深信不疑。第三段中的对其人品深信不疑。第三段中的There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.以及最后一段中的最后一句以及最后一段中的最后一句.the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.更印证了答案选更印证了答案选D项。项。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司All of this was about more than convenience.There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house，for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors，so that the milk wouldnt freeze.And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table，having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk deliverytoday.Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.Besides，milk is for sale everywhere，and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently，an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories.I took it home and planted it on the back porch(门门廊廊)Every so often my sons friends will ask what it is.So I start telling stories of my boyhood，and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.3B细节理解题。由倒数第二细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的段中的Big companies allowed the production of.to compete(竞争竞争)以及以及Besides，milk is for sale.a delivery service.可知：随处可见的可知：随处可见的批量生产的牛奶使送奶工失去竞争批量生产的牛奶使送奶工失去竞争力，也就是说送奶工送牛奶上门的力，也就是说送奶工送牛奶上门的服务被逐出了市场。服务被逐出了市场。4A细节理解题。从最后一段细节理解题。从最后一段第一句第一句Recently，an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories.以及最后一以及最后一句话作者讲童年的故事和与送奶工句话作者讲童年的故事和与送奶工之间的友谊都能看出作者很想念过之间的友谊都能看出作者很想念过去的日子。去的日子。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司1Mr.Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer_.Ato show his magical powerBto pay for the deliveryCto satisfy his curiosityDto please his mother2What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?AHe wanted to have tea there.BHe was a respectable person.CHe was treated as a family member.DHe was fully trusted by the family.技法精讲技法精讲做做这类这类推理判断推理判断题时题时一定要一定要记记住住四点：四点：第一，要站在作者的角度去仔第一，要站在作者的角度去仔细细思考、推断，切忌加入自己的主思考、推断，切忌加入自己的主观观的片面的推断。的片面的推断。第二，能第二，能结结合自己平合自己平时积时积累的有累的有关英关英语语国家的文化国家的文化传统传统、风风俗俗习惯习惯等背景知等背景知识识来来识别识别判断。判断。第三，凡需要推断的内容文章中第三，凡需要推断的内容文章中一般都没有明确叙述，而是暗含在一般都没有明确叙述，而是暗含在文章之中。因此，文章之中。因此，选项选项很相似、很很相似、很难难判断判断时时，文章中出，文章中出现过现过的原的原词词或或原句一般不是正确原句一般不是正确选项选项，必，必须须把文把文章中相关的文字部分作章中相关的文字部分作为为推理的前推理的前提和依据。提和依据。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司3Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?ANobody wants to be a milkman now.BIt has been driven out of the market.CIts service is getting poor.DIt is forbidden by law.4Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?AHe missed the good old days.BHe wanted to tell interesting stories.CHe needed it for his milk bottles.DHe planted flowers in it.疑难剖析疑难剖析Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk，thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete.大公司可以生大公司可以生产产出更便宜的出更便宜的牛奶，牛奶，这这就使得送奶人很就使得送奶人很难难与之与之竞竞争。争。本句本句making为为非非谓语动词谓语动词，为结为结果状果状语语。2013 新课标高考总复习新课标高考总复习 配译林英配译林英语语 山山东东金金太太阳阳书书业业有有限限公公司司本小节结束请按ESC键返回