图表作文写作技巧-上海市 高三英语写作专项提升素材.docx

图表作文的写作图表分类 图表作文有以下几种形式： 1、以坐标轴的形式出现的表示数据大小或数量差异或变化的柱状图或出现时间参照的曲线图； 2、以圆内扇形大小表示总体与内部结构变化的圆形或饼状图； 3、以表格形式将统计的数据体现出来的统计表；4、两图或多图组合的综合图形。题材特点 1、说明文：单纯描述解释图表信息，按照图表所展示内容如实表达，不加评论。 2、议论文：通过叙述图标中的信息及数据间的变化，找规律，分析原因，发表评论或解决办法。信息的提取图表分析类作文的特点是提示语言少，信息点分散，数据多，因此审题一定要针对不同的图形进行适当分析。柱状图或曲线图：一定要运用坐标刻度及数轴提供的信息点来分析几组数据间的变化，抓住主要特点及规律进行说明；饼图：一定要根据百分比搞清部分与整体、部分与部分的关系；综合图：要说明几个大的问题，而且往往是第一图表达现状，第二图表达原因或解决办法，要把它们糅合在一起写成一篇语意连贯的文章。写作步骤 第一步：开门见山点明本图所反映的主题 常用的句型有： As can been seen from the graph/table/chart; As is shown in the graph . The graph/table/chart tells/shows the changes in .between . And ./from .to . This is a line graph which describes the general trend of . The pie chart represents . 第二步：分析数据间的主要变化、差异及趋势，然后叙述并阐明必要的理由或原因在叙述数据间的变化及总体趋势特征时，为了使层次清楚，对比对比鲜明，常采用分类式或对比式表达以支持主题。 常用的词汇及句型有： rise, drop, fall, reduce, decrease, increase, while, but, on the contrary, however, in contrast to, compare . With/to, between . and ., among, less than, more than, as . as ., the same as ., similar . to, equal . to ., be twice more than ., be half as . as.等。注意事项1、 在叙述数据间的发展变化时，如果数据特别多就没有必要对每组数据一一陈述，应该抓住突出特征进行描述，这样才能给人留下深刻印象。2、 这类作文行文的顺序和层次一定要清楚明了，尤其在描写数据变化时，一定要按照一定的顺序，如时间顺序、逻辑顺序或数据由大到小或由小到大等，切记毫无章法。3、 时态的变化，此类作文主要使用现在时态，在描述过去情况时使用过去时态，在发表看法或作评论时应使用现在时态。好词好句1、 描写图表的过渡词语 （1）During this time/this period （2）Apart from . （3）Compared with . （4）From the above table2、点题总结句 （1）We can see from the graph that . （2）From the table we can find out that . （3）As can be seen from the chart . （4）As is shown in the chart, the production last month rose . （5）Char 1 shows that .3、 细节描写句式 （1）The number was/is ten times as many as that in 1995. （2）It doubted the number of last year. （3）There is an increase of 20% in total this year. （4）It was decreased twice than that of the year 2012. （5）It rose from 10 to 15 percent of the total this year. （6）Compared with 2011, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.4、 图表作文典型模板 The chart gives us an overall picture of the _(图表主题). The first thing we notice is that _(图表最大特点). This means that _, _(进一步说明). We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一). After v-ing _(细节一中的第一个变化), the _（v-ed +幅度+时间). The figures also tells us that _(图表细节二). _(数据位置， 如In the second column), we can see that _ account for _(进一步描述). Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that _(结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that _(给出原因). It is high time that we _(发出倡议). 课堂精讲 1. 针对目前高三学生学习压力较大的现状，有人以“Effective Ways to Release the Stress” 为题于上周调查采访了五个学校的500名高三学生。请你根据以下调查结果的图表写一份报告，并谈谈自己或身边同学释放压力的有效方法，词数控制在120-200。 审题：写调查内容时一般用一般过去时，谈图中事实时用一般现在时。根据要求应该包括以下要点：1、上周有人进行了一个题为“Effective Ways to Release the Stress” 的调查；2、五个学校的500名高三学生参与了调查，并得出了不同结果；3、35%的学生通过参与体育活动来释放压力；4、45%的学生通过听音乐来释放压力；5、20%的学生到学校心理咨询室寻求帮助以释放压力；6、你自己或身边同学释放压力的有效方法。成文：Effective Ways to Release the StressNowadays more and more senior three students are getting stressed in the study. In order to find out effective ways to release the stress, a survey was made last week in five schools. Altogether 500 students were interviewed, and some interesting results were as follows.About thirty-five percent of the students let out their stress by doing sports. They play football, for instance. Meanwhile, another forty-five percent of them release their stress by listening to different kinds of music. Interestingly, the rest twenty percent of them usually get help from the school psychological consulting office.When Im stressed, I usually do lots of weightlifting to get myself tired. Then Ill have a good sleep. In this way, Ill feel relaxed and forget all about my worries.2. 最近，你作为研究性学习课题组的成员就高中英语新教材的看法在你的同学中间开展了一次调查，调查的结果如下：请根据以下调查结果，写一篇120字左右的调查报告。审题： （1）分析内容：针对英语学科的新教材，就同学们的喜好程度写一篇调查报告； （2）审题定论：体裁-调查报告；主体时态-一般过去时；中心人称-第一人称； （3）确定要点：提出问题（对英语新教材的看法）；调查内容（学生喜好程度）；结论（新教材帮助学生提高了英语水平）。成文：I recently surveyed my classmates about their views on the new English textbooks.According to the survey, 80%of the students were quite satisfied with it, while 15% disliked it and 5% had no point. Students who liked it said the pictures with the texts were very attractive, which greatly aroused their interest in learning. Moreover, the book was very interesting, covering hot topics and providing lots of cultural information about the world. However, students who disliked it complained there were too many new words and difficult sentences, making the texts difficult to understand.In conclusion, the new English textbooks have helped most students improve their English enormously.课堂精练1、 根据以下提示用英语写一篇120词左右的短文，要求文章包括下图的全部信息，语言过渡自然。 【参考范文】: It is universally acknowledged that smoking is harmful to our health. However, not everyone knows how awful it is. It is reported that there are 1.1 billion smokers in the world, making up twenty percent of the worlds population, which is 5.8 billion. What a large number! Whats worse, the economic loss by smoking is up to two hundred billion dollars, and meanwhile, three million people die from smoking every year. Considering the terrible situation, many countries have taken different measures to reduce the amount of tobacco. And they have got evident effect. The amount of tobacco was up to 14 billion pounds in 1996, while in the year 1999, it has reduced to 7 billion pounds. So as long as people in the world work hand in hand, we are sure to win the battle against smoking.2. 下面的饼状图（pie chart）显示了你对学校学生兴趣爱好的调查结果。请你用英语给考试与评价杂志写一篇短文，报道你的调查结果，并对此结果发表你的看法或建议。词数在120左右。【参考范文】: A recent survey shows what the students of our school like to do in their spare time.From the pie chart, we can see 53% of the students like sports, so doing sports is the most popular activity in our school. The second most popular activity for students is surfing the Internet and 36% are interested in this. Only a few students, about 8% of them, choose reading as a hobby, and even fewer are fond of playing musical instruments. From my point of view, our school should have more sports facilities built to meet the need of the students. Guidance should be given to students on surfing the Internet and ways must be found to arouse students interests in reading and music.3、 以下是某职校对该校200名高中毕业生（男女各半）的择业观作出调查后绘制的图表。请根据该图所反映的情况用英语写一则报道，词数120左右。要点提示：（1）数据信息；（2）男女择业的异同点；（3）对比悬殊的职业。【参考范文】: In modern times, the job choice between boys and girls has a few differences. We investigated 200 middle school students, girls in half. The most striking comparison is in teaching. 45% percent of the girls would like to become teachers while only 5% of the boys want to do this job. Among boys, 40% want to be managers. Compared with the girls, 5% more boys expect to be scientists. 30% of girls want to be teachers. Besides teaching, the second choice for girls is to be business(25%) and managers(15%). The number is not small. Only about 15% girls want to do scientists as well as lawyers. From this, we learn the opinions of the job choice between them are changing. More and more girls want to take up teaching.7学科网（北京）股份有限公司