新视野大学英语第4册PPT课件4-8.ppt

新视野大学英语第新视野大学英语第4册册PPT课件课件4-8Stage1:Warming-upActivitiesStage1:Warming-upActivities Stage2:Stage2:Reading-CentredActivitiesReading-CentredActivities Stage3:After-ReadingActivitiesStage3:After-ReadingActivities Stage4:Listening-and-SpeakingStage4:Listening-and-SpeakingPracticePracticeWarming-upActivitiesGroupworkGroupworkQuestionsforthoughtanddiscussionQuestionsforthoughtanddiscussionBackgroundinformationBackgroundinformationEnrichingyourvocabularyEnrichingyourvocabularyComparingthefollowingwordsComparingthefollowingwordsGroupworkGooverthepreview,thepre-readingquestionsandthetitleofthetextbeforelisteningtothesummaryofthestoryandanticipatewhatwearegoingtoread.Questionsforthoughtanddiscussion Listentoashortpassagecarefullyandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.BackgroundinformationEatonville:ItisasmallcommunityofgreatsignificancetoAfrican-Americanhistoryandculture.LocatedjustnorthofOrlando,FloridabetweenWinterParkandMaitland,itishistoricallyrecognizedasthefirstincorporatedAfrican-AmericanmunicipalityintheUnitedStatesandoneoftheoldestsurvivingAfricancommunitiesintheU.S.FollowingtheCivilWar,“free”AfricanssettlingintheareaworkedprimarilyasfarmhandsclearinglandorhelpingintheconstructionofnearbyMaitland,awhitetownship.Eatonvilleisculturallyimportantforitsrenownednativedaughter,ZoraNealeHurston(c.f.Note3below),author,anthropologistandfolklorist.HerwordscapturedforeverthecultureofthecommunityandpaintedanimageofanenvironmenttypicaloftheruralSouthernworking-classAfrican-American.EachJanuary,EatonvilleplayshosttotheZoraNealeHurstonFestivaloftheArtsandHumanities.InadditiontoZoraNealeHurston,othernotableresidentsofEatonvilleincludeHallofFamefootballplayer,DeaconJonesandDr.BenjaminPerry,presidentofFloridaA&MUniversity.Orlando:Itisthefifth-rankingU.S.destinationofoverseastravelersafterSanFrancisco,Miami,LosAngelesandNewYorkCityanditclaimsthesecondhighestnumberofhotelroomsintheU.S.,laggingjustbehindLasVegasinthebedroomstakes.ThecityhasalsoestablisheditselfaspartofFloridashigh-techcorridor,boastingnotonlythespacetechnologyindustriesfocusedontheFloridaSpaceCoast,butahealthydoseofbitsandbytesmakersaswell.TherewasntmuchtoOrlandountilWaltDisneystartedbuyinguppropertyatthecityssouthwesternedgeinthe1960sandthepropertyheboughtbecameDisneyWorldin1971.Sincethen,waterslides,rollercoasters,fairytalepalacesandcostumedcharactershavemadeDisneyWorldoneoftheworldsmostvisitedtouristattractions.ZoraNealeHurston(18911960):Americanwriter,folkloristandanthropologist.BorninEatonville,Florida,HurstonwaseducatedatHowardUniversity,atBarnardCollege,andatColumbiaUniversity,whereshestudiedunderGerman-AmericananthropologistFranzBoas.Eatonvillewasthefirstincorporatedall-blacktownintheUnitedStates,andHurstonreturnedthereaftercollegeforanthropologicalfieldstudythatinfluencedherlateroutputinfictionaswellasinfolklore.HurstonalsocollectedfolkloreinJamaica,Haiti,Bermuda,andHonduras.Mules and Men(1935),oneofherbest-knownfolklorecollections,wasbasedonherfieldresearchintheAmericanSouth.Tell My Horse(1938)describedfolkcustomsinHaitiandJamaica.Asafictionwriter,Hurstonisnotedforhermetaphoricallanguage,herstory-tellingabilities,andherinterestinandcelebrationofSouthernblackcultureintheUnitedStates.SomeofherearliestworkwaspublishedinthesmallmagazineFire!,whichHurston,alongwithnotablewriterssuchasLangstonHughesandWallaceThurman,producedin1926.Herbest-knownnovelisTheir Eyes Were Watching God,inwhichshetrackedaSouthernblackwomanssearch,over25yearsand3marriages,forhertrueidentityandacommunityinwhichshecandevelopthatidentity.HurstonsprolificliteraryoutputalsoincludessuchnovelsasJonahs Gourd VineandSeraph on the Suwanee,shortstories,plays,journalarticles,andanautobiography,Dust Tracks on a Road.Hurstonsworkwasnotpolitical,buthercharactersuseofdialect,hermannerofportrayingblackculture,andherconservatismcreatedcontroversywithintheblackcommunity.Throughouthercareersheaddressedissuesofraceandgender,oftenrelatingthemtothesearchforfreedom.InherlateryearsHurstonexperiencedhealthproblems,andshediedimpoverishedandunrecognizedbytheliterarycommunity.Herwritings,however,wererediscoveredinthe1970sbyanewgenerationofblackwriters,notablyAliceWalker,andmanyofHurstonsworkswererepublished.In1995atwo-volumesetofherwritings,somepreviouslyunpublished,wasreleased.Jacksonville:Itis134milesnortheastofOrlando,Florida.Onceinfamousforitssmellypapermills,itisnowoneoftheSouthsinsuranceandbankingcapitals.AlthoughJacksonvilleclaimstobethecapitalofFloridashistoric“FirstCoast”,thecitydatesitsbeginningsfromanearly-1800ssettlementnamedCowford,becausecattlecrossedtheSt.JohnsRiverhere.CowfordchangeditsnametoJacksonvillein1822tohonorGeneralAndrewJackson,theprovisionalgovernorwhoforcedSpaintocedeFloridatotheUnitedStates2yearsearlier.theCivilWar:TheAmericanCivilWarwastheonlywarfoughtonAmericansoilbyAmericans.3millionfoughtand600,000died.ItwasfoughtintheUnitedStatesofAmericabetweenthenorthernstates,popularlyreferredtoasthe“Union”,andthesecedingsouthernstates(intheU.S.,TheSouth),callingthemselvestheConfederateStatesofAmericaorthe“Confederacy”between1861and1865.Thereisconsiderabledebateaboutcausesthatmayhavemotivatedthestatestowar,suchasstatesrightswithrespecttothefederalgovernment,taxation,andimbalanceoftrade.Butthereisnoquestionthatthesalientissueinthemindsofthepublicandpopularpressofthetime,andthehistorieswrittensince,wastheissueofslavery.Slaveryhadbeenabolishedinmostnorthernstates,butwaslegalandimportanttotheeconomyoftheConfederacy,whichdependedoncheapagriculturallabor.TheUnionwasledbyPresidentAbrahamLincolnandtheConfederacybyPresidentJeffersonDavis.SignificantSouthernmilitaryleadersincludedRobertE.Lee,ThomasStonewallJackson,JamesLongstreet,andP.G.T.Beauregard.NorthernleadersincludedUlyssesGrant,WilliamTecumsehSherman,andGeorgeMeade.ItstartedwithLincolnsvictoryinthepresidentialelectionof1860,whichmadeSouthCarolinassecessionfromtheUnionaforegoneconclusion.ThestatehadlongbeenwaitingforaneventthatwouldunitetheSouthagainsttheantislaveryforces.Oncetheelectionreturnswerecertain,aspecialSouthCarolinaconventiondeclared“thattheUnionnowsubsistingbetweenSouthCarolinaandotherstatesunderthenameoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaisherebydissolved.”ByFebruary1,1861,sixmoreSouthernstateshadseceded.OnFebruary7,thesevenstatesadoptedaprovisionalconstitutionfortheConfederateStatesofAmerica.TheremainingsouthernstatesasyetremainedintheUnion.Lessthanamonthlater,onMarch4,1861,AbrahamLincolnwassworninaspresidentoftheUnitedStates.Inhisinauguraladdress,herefusedtorecognizethesecession,consideringit“legallyvoid”.Hisspeechclosedwithapleaforrestorationofthebondsofunion.ButtheSouthturneddeafears,andonApril12,gunsopenedfireonthefederaltroopsstationedatFortSumterintheCharleston,SouthCarolinaharbor.Thewarendedin1865withthesurrenderofConfederateforces.GeneralLeesurrenderedhisArmyofNorthernVirginiaon9April1865atAppomattoxCourthouse.TheCivilWarendedwiththeemancipationofallslavesheldintheConfederateStates.SlaveswerenotfreedintheremainingstatesuntilthepassageoftheThirteenthAmendmenttotheConstitutionby3/4ofthestates,whichdidnotoccuruntilDecemberof1865,8monthsaftertheendofthewar.AgreatdealofillwillamongtheSouthernsurvivorsresultedfromthetotalwarfarepracticedduringthewarbytheUnionarmiesandthe“reconstruction”programforcedontheformerConfederacybytheUnionvictors.EnrichingyourvocabularyReadthesentencescarefullyandguessthemeaningoftheitalicizedtermineachsentenceaccordingtothecontextandyourownexperiences.She propped herselfagainstthecold,dampwallwiththebabyinonehandandabottleofginintheother.Helay,propped upbypillows,hisfacepaleandeyesdull.Theorganizationhadcontinuallyopposedanychangeandhadhadlittleunderstandingoftheindustrializationprocessup to that time.靠在靠在靠着靠着直到那时直到那时Mystudyistheperfectplaceforanauthor,especiallyifhedoesntobjecttobeingoccasionallypeered atthroughthewindowsbycuriousvisitors.Thesepointshavebeenmentioned in passinginthepreviousclass,buttheyaresummarizedhereforthesakeofconvenienceandforaddedemphasis.凝视凝视顺便顺便Yesterdaysmeetingresumedtalksbroken off 8yearsago;thiseventhasbeentakenasanewstartintherelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.Yourbehaviorisextremelyimportantin that itconveysyourattitudemuchmoreeffectivelyanddirectlythanthewordsyouuse.中断中断因为，在于因为，在于Buttalentcanbedevelopedandtrainedandprovideasoundbasisforyoutogive of thebestinsideyou.Evenwhenotherpeoplearoundusdothingswedisapprove of,wedonthavetolaughatthem.Althoughtheybelonged todifferentgenerations,theysharedmanythoughtsincommon.展现展现不赞同不赞同属于属于Thistimehecouldaffordtomakenomistake:histeacherwasthereat his elbow,watchingeverymove.Itisthecommunitywhoshould,in the main,determinewhetherpolicearetobeinvolvedinresolvingcommunityconflicts.在旁边在旁边大体而言大体而言Doubtlesslyhepaid a price forthattoo,butifhehadnotfeltthatmiseryhecouldneverhavecreatedtheworkshedid.Retirementallowedhimthetimetoenjoymusic,oftenin company with hischildrenandgrandchildren.Assoonashesmore or less masteredsomething,hesboredwithit.为为付出代价付出代价与与一起一起或多或少或多或少HomeworkHomework Learnthenewwordsandexpressionsofthetextbyheart.Gooverthetextandtrytogetthemainideaofthetext.Analyzethestructureofthetext.Reading-CentredActivities 1.GlobalReadingTaskReadingSkills:Textstructureanalysis:2.DetailedReadingTask LanguagepointsSimulatedwritingSummaryofthetextAfter-ReadingActivitiesVocabularyExercises TranslatingandWriting Listeningandspeakingactivities Talkingaboutthetopicorretellingthetext ListeningandspeakingpracticeinXPcenter