必背高考英语语法知识.docx

必背高考英语语法知识高考语法填空易错必背一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播flee(fled,fled)逃跑forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅freeze(froze,frozen)结冰hang(作“绞死”讲，是规则的;作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)lie(作“说谎”讲时，是规则的;作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain)seek(sought,sought)寻求shake(shook,shaken)发抖sing(sang,sung)sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉spread(spread,spread)传播swim(swam,swum)tear(tore,torn)撕碎weave(wove,woven)二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点，词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。若把-ing，-er(-est)，-ed添，辅音字母要双写全。注：两“辅”夹一“元”：指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w，x，y除外)，其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。admit(admitted,admitting)承认permit(permitted,permitting)允许regret(regretted,regretting)后悔forget(forgotten,forgetting)忘记unforgettablecontrol(controlled,controlling)控制occur(occurred,occurring)出现prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿refer(referred,referring)提到equip(equipped,equipping)装备注意：quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语)另外注意：destroy(destroyed)employ(employed)shyer;shyest三、容易拼写错的数字1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化longlength长度lengthen加长widewidth宽度widenhighheight高度heightenstrongstrength力量strengthen5.deepdepthdeepen6.shortshortnessshorten7.broadbroadnessbroaden8.largelargenessenlarge五、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或edpicnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐panic(panicked,panicked)a./v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安六、个别名词的复数拼写German(Germans)德国人gulf(gulfs)海湾handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕hero(英雄)，potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。roof(roofs)房顶动)。stomach胃(其复数是stomachs而不是加es)七、常用复数形式noodles,vegetables,snacks小吃,快餐,makefriendswith与.交朋友,inhigh/lowspirits(情绪高涨/低落),havesports(进行体育活congratulations(祝贺)。celebrations(庆祝),八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化succeedsuccess成功pronouncepronunciation发音explainexplanation解释decidedecision决定enterentrance进入permitpermission允许refuserefusal拒绝considerconsideration考虑discoverdiscovery发现buryburial埋葬concludeconclusion得出结论arrivearrival到达weighweight重量14.press-pressure压力九、注意去不去e