考研英语词汇：Lesson11笔记.pdf
Lessonll1.Accelerate=speed up 加速speed up 好坏都有 quicker/moreAccelerationBetter=improveWorse=destroyed=weaken例 句:supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areasof life2.imaqine=envisaqe visionim ag e图像形象=印象imagine 想象例句：Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb=stupid enoughto want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look soglamorous光辉的imagination 想象力imaginative有想象力的envisage en+vis+age 展望面又寸 想象例 句：explore 开发,探索 the many possibilities we can envisageenvision 想象 预见 展望例句:Thats because Congress has always envisioned=expect joint 联合的 federal-state immigration enforcement 执法i正面社会现象类1.Independence 独立性depend on 依赖 rely on base ondependent依赖的dependency 依赖性Dependenceindependent例 句：Q The White House claims that its power 权利 of enforcement 执法B is dependent on the states support（用常识可以判断错误的选项）2.distinctiondistinct分明的，明了的，清楚的（偶尔表示有差别的）distinctive有差另 帕 勺（different from others）,有特色的distinction 区 另U 荣 誉=honor例 句：No clear-cut=obvious distinction can be drawn betweenprofessionals 专家 and amateurs 业余爰好者 in sciencedistinguish分辨（考试中常出现）distinguish A from B 寸 巴 A 和 B 区分开distinguish oneself as o o o 因.而有名气 be famous for2Critical thinking/mind 批判性思维例 句：One part of critical reading,as you have discovered,isdistinguishing between facts 事实 and opinions 看 法/facts fromopinionsextinct extinguish extinction灭绝（物种一环保相关素材）Eliminate 消灭 elimination例句:The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to gogo extinct=die outextinguish 熄灭例 句：If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that anuninformed 未告知的 citizenry 公民权 will extinguish the preciousembers 灰 烬，余H军 of medical progress.Informed citizenry 公民知情权3.CapacityCapacity容 量，能力例 句:The sea admits hundreds of thousands of rivers for its capacityto hold海纳百川有容乃大Capable be capable of彳 列 句:Gilberf s own interest in new music has been widely noted:A,3Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who iscapable of=able to turning the Philharmonic 爱乐乐团 into amarkedly 显著地 different,more vibrant 有活力的 organization 乐队4.remark（remarkable）markRemark=review 话语评论Remarkable=marked显著的，非凡的（值得关注的）consider 考用considerable 大量的it is remarkable that.例 句：Owing to 归 因 于/因 为 the remarkable development inmass-communications,people everywhere are feeling new wants andare being exposed to new customs and ideas人文科技类词汇科学科技类词汇1.hypothesis/theoryhypo-作为词根,向下的 有时候偏负面（hypocrisy虚伪）thesis是理论的意思，而理论的下面就应该是一个假设（没有被印证，还是4假想阶段）under the hypothesis of=under the precondition of 在 前提之下thesis（可以指论文的意思）和theory基本上可以通用例 句:In the internet age,at least in theory,this fraction=part can bemuch reduced.（中文翻译是理论上说）2.science/technology 科技（AIdata protection）这个基本上不用多说，都知道ScientificScientistHigh-tech industryTechnician技工（高级）科幻片 science&fiction movie3.Academic 学术的/practical 实用的 knowledgeacademy学院（学术机构）school学院同义词 faculty institution schoolAcademic学术的和practical有明显区别例 句：Traditional tests best assess 评估 analytical and verbalskills（academic knowledge）b（J t fa j|to measure creativity and practicalknowledge,components 零 彳 牛（同位语）also critical to problem5solving and life success 后置定语）4.profession 职业:elite 精英 反 amateurprofessor 教授professional专业的 am ateur业余爰好者Profession=occupation 职业（career 职业生涯/job/work 工彳乍（量）/occupation）Find a job first,then choose your career.先就业,再择业pete/competitive 有竞争力的/competitioncompete 竞争+withcompetitor竞 争 者=rival（有敌意的，hostile有敌意的）例 句：For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with therecorded 唱片 performances of the great classical musicians of the20th century.6.EducationalEducation educatorEducational有教育意义的67.novel/noveltyNovel=new小说，新颖的novelist小说家 fiction（小说，更多偏向科幻类）novelty新颖，新奇的事物novel application 仓新应用彳列句：Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claimsto be accepted and appreciated.8.machine/mechanical 机械的machinery不可数，是机器的总称machine 可数 device 机械mechanical 机械的mechanic技工，机修工Mechanism=system 机制（常考词）例 句：An important factor in a market-oriented economy js themechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed andresponded to by producers.9.automate/automaticauto 汽车automatic 自动的，自动化 robot roboticMid-class710.Empirical 中性词(experimental)empire 帝王，帝国empirical经验主义的，凭经验的，依据观察的11.paradox矛盾例 句:Two paradoxes exist throughout this credibility process.取信过程出版类常见词汇1.Reviewer 审核员/评论家view review reviewer 评论家,评论员peer review 同业审查(discovery claim)Peer pressure 朋辈压力例 句：Researchers should improve their standardsIhe wrote in 2012,but journals(学 术)期干ij should also take a tougher line=standard,”(by)engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editorswho can verify=check(辨明真伪)the process.(方式状语)2.editor/editorial8编 辑 主 编3.journal/journalist iS#/journalism/journalistic记者Capitalism注意journalism新闻业，不是新闻主义例 句:These men believed in journalism as a calling 使命,and wereproud to be published in the daily press 新闻.（日 才 艮）4.publish/publication出版，出版行业例 句：Within the complex social structure of the scientific community科 学 界,researchers make discoveries;editors and reviewers act asgatekeepers by controlling the publication process（方式状语）;otherscientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes艺术类常见词汇1.decoration=ornamentdecorate 装饰例 句：Hilton is building its own hotel there,which you may be sure9will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars,the Lear Lounge,theBanquo Banqueting Room,and so forth（小并歹!J,阅读中的无效信息）andwill be very expensive.o rn-表示装饰的词根ornate华丽的ornament 装饰物 ornamentationadorn 装饰adornment装饰品例 句：The fashion industry knows（that）it has an inherent problemin focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.2.liberal/illiberalLegal illegallib eral自由的，开朗的，自由主义者liberal arts人文艺术（偏重文科教学）liberal arts education 文学liberty自由，解放liberalism自由主义illiberal吝啬的，小心眼的（重利的）例 句:The AAAS displays great enthusiasm=passion 热情 for liberaleducation文科教育例 句：Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up inlaw,medicine or business,future doctors and lawyers must study a10non-specialist liberal-arts degree 文科学位 before embarking on aprofessional qualification形近词lite ra l照字面的literacy有文化，识字literature 文学例 句:His concern is mainly with the humanities 人文科学：literature,languages,philosophy and so on.3.Abstract 抽象的/abstractionAdj.抽象的n.摘要v.提取ab-a b s-离去 或者语气加强tract-作为词根有拉出tractor拖拉机extract就是提取，剥离attract吸引 拉出来，拉过来=叩peal=seducedistract拉开，分心contract co con 一起，把两个人拉到一起，签合同常考意思就是抽象的11an abstract idea=concept 概念4.Elegant高雅的日egancy 高雅彳 列句：People are absorbed into a culture of consumption,launchedby the 19th-century department stores（后置定语）hat offered vastarrays=a lot of goods in an elegant 高雅的 atmosphere.”Elevate 提升日evator电梯Elevating 高雅的=elegant例 句：Immigrants are quickly fitting into 融入 this common 大众culture,which may not be altogether elevating but is hardlypoisonous=harmful.医疗健康类词汇1.unhealthy/healthhealth 健 康=well-beinghealthy健康的例 句：pose no threat to his safety or well-beingunhealthy2.diagnosis12名 词 诊 断Diagnostic诊断的，判断的Reduce=change from A to B例 句：Now a pink slip 失 业,a bad diagnosis,or a disappearingspouse 配偶 can reduce a family from solidly mid-class to newly poor in a few months.3.medicine（medical）medical treatment 药物治疗medicine 药物（相对更加广泛，处方,）medication药物 药物治疗（多指医生开的处方药）Med/mid表示中间的，调节的m ediate调 停 调 节 斡旋mediate a meeting between A and Bm edium中间的，中等的，媒介例 句：That would probably be more than enough 绰绰有余的 for anymedium-sized city even in the hottest summer4.treatment13tre a t招待，款 待it s my treat我请客treat him w e ll好好招呼他treatment 治疗under treatment（处于治疗中）和under-treatment（处理不足，不到位）Under development 处于发展中Under-development 欠发达的例 句：she is under treatment她处于治疗中例句:It identifies 辨明 the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive过度的 use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures that mayprolong and even dishonor the period of dying 定从“鹏 twinproblems of end-of-life care 临终关怀.5.Epidemic 流行病/cancer/diabetes/obesityheart attack 心脏病cold catch a coldflu流感 bird flu禽流感euthanasia 安乐死obesity=overweightdiabetes 糖尿病 diabetic 糖尿病患者 diabeticsepidemic流 行 病 流 行 的例 句：Now.七+T士 口 ,r.,as=because weutopia.SjftFP has grown unfashionable,have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,14from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.6.Nutrition 营养Mal-nutrition WFM/under-nutrition 营养不良PracticeMal-practice违规操作例 句:At the start of the 20th century,under-nutrition and childhoodinfections 感染 got in the way.7.Gene/genetic/genome/generate/generationGene 基因Genetic遗传的Generation 代人产生Generate 产生15
