高中英语应用文写作技法指导.pdf
高中英语应用文写作技法指导技法一审题谋篇四步法（浙江卷高考英语）假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括：1.询问近况；2.分享班级最新消息；3.表达祝愿。注意：1 .词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步审题立意布局谋篇邮件时态-般过去时和一般现在时人称第一人称绢勾三段要点1.询问近况2.告知班级消息3.表达祝愿第二步核心内容逐一盘点第一段问候1 .听说你请了病假回家休养，我们很挂念你。你现在感觉怎么样?We have heard that you have gone back home on sick leave,and we areconcerned about you.How are you feeling now?第二段分享班级消息2 .提出有好消息：我希望我给你的好消息能抹去疾病的阴影。I hope my good news for you w川 sweep away the shadow of the disease.3 .具体说明消息上个月，我们学校举行了一个英语节，我们班演唱了一首你在节日时教我们的歌。我们一唱完这首歌，所有的观众都给了我们热烈的掌声。Last month,an English Festival was held in our school,and our class performed asong which you taught us at the festival.As soon as we finished the song,all theaudience gave us warm applause.4 .当时的感受(1)我非常高兴和兴奋，所以我几乎跳了起来。I was very happy and excited so I almost jumped up.(2)我们想和你分享快乐，但你不在。We wanted to share joy with you,but you were not there.第三段表达祝愿5 .我们都非常想念你，希望你能快速痊愈。We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.第 三 步斟词酌句润色升级1.请用含有非谓语的句子合并句1中的两个并列分句。Hearing the news that you have gone back home on sick leave,we are concernedabout you.How are you feeling now?2.请用s。引导的倒装句改写句4(1)。So happy and excited was I that I almost jumped up.3.用含有if only的虚拟语气的句子改写句4(2)。If only you had been there to share our joy!第 四 步巧妙衔接完美成篇Dear Peter,Hearing the news that you have gone back home on sick leave,we are concernedabout you.How are you feeling now?I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of the disease.Lastmonth,an English Festival was held in our school,and our class performed asong which you taught us at the festival.As soon as we finished the song,all theaudience gave us warm applause.So happy and excited was I that I almost jumpedup.If only you had been there to share our joy!We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.Yours,Li Hua技法二规避常见的五种错误典例示范常见错误错误句子改错句子成分残缺或多余(缺)There are many studentssupport itThere are manystudents who/that support it.(多)We reached to school at6:00 am.We reached school at 6:00 am.主谓不一致The children was very happy.The children were very happy.You can read the books which ison the shelf.You can read the bookswhich are on the shelf.时态、语态错误The exhibition will held nextweekend.The exhibition will be held nextweekend.Yesterday I witness an accident.Yesterday I witnessed an accident.词性不分Honest is the best policy.Honesty is the best policy.Paper cutting is a traditionChinese art.Paper cutting isa traditional Chinese art.I finally through the exam afterseveral attempts.I finally got through the examafter several attempts.中式英语I very like his classes.I like his classes very much.My father bought me a Mo Yanwriting book.My father bought me abook written by Mo Yan.The trees very tall.The trees are very tall.技法三亮化词汇三原则根据高考应用文写作的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条重要的标准。所以，在词汇亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：原则1求新求变同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：1 .When feeling sad,I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lotof good stories.（2021 新高考全国I）When feeling depressed,I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes alot of imaginative stories.2.With the wide spread of the Internet,more and more people become onlinelearners.（2021 全国乙）一 With the wide spread of the Internet,an increasing number of people becomeonline learners.3.I am writing to ask you to help me with a play we adapted according to the text.（2020全国 ni）l am writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play we adapted accordingto the text.4.For another,China has a long history and rich has always attractedpeople who love anything about China.（2020江苏）culture.lt一For another,China enjoys a long history and rich culture.lt has always been anattraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese.原则2求准求精写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。1.In conclusion,we should find a way to study online better.（2021 全国乙）In conclusion,we should find a way to study online more efficiently.2.His words of encouragement can still be remembered.（2020全国 I）一His words of encouragement still ring in my ears.3.I am waiting for your early reply.（2021 全国甲）l am waiting for your early reply eagerly.原则3短语优先恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文更加流畅。1 .In conclusion,we should know its advantages and disadvantages and find aproper way to make our study more efficient.（2021 全国乙）一 In conclusion,we should have a good understanding of its advantages anddisadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.2.In order to get more clicks,youd better tell me which Chineseculture attracts westerners most.（2021 全国甲）In order to get more clicks,youd better tell me which Chinese culture holds themost attraction for westerners.3.I would appreciate it if you could consider my application.（2019全国 I）一I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.4.The majority of people who were surveyed supported this idea.The majority of people who were surveyed were in favour of this idea.技法四美化句式四诀窍诀窍1三大从句各一从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。所以在写作中，要注意打造三种从句。1.定语从句:When feeling depressed,I often choose to read the column whichcovers a lot of inspiring stories.（2021 新高考全国 I）2.状 语 从 句:It has been 10 years since Youth was founded and I began to readthe newspaper when I was still a junior one student.（2021 新高考全国 I）3.名词性从句:What attracts me most is the column covering some popular stars.（2021 新高考全国I）诀窍2非谓语若干非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。（2020全国 口）Last weekend,my classmates and I took part in a farm picking（现在分词作定语）activity.Surrounded（过去分词彳乍状语）by green trees,the farm is located at the foot of thehill near our school.There is a small river flowing through the farm（现在分词短语作定语）.While enjoying being（动 名 词 作 宾 语）close to nature,we began to help pickpeaches covering every tree（现在分词短语作定语）.We worked in pairs,onepicking peaches and the other carefully putting them into a big box（现在分i司的独立主格结构）.Through participating（动名词作宾语）in this picking activity,I have become aware ofthe significance of work.I am determined to study hard,to be a useful person to thecountry and to contribute to the improvement of peoples lives（不定式短语作宾语）.诀窍3倒装强调可出现特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。1.In my memory,it is Youth that accompanies me through my whole high school.（2021 新高考全国工）2.From this activity,not only did we realize that building up our body is of greatimportance,but also we learned more about persistence leads to success.（2020新高考全国I）3.On the way,exhausted as the participants were,they kept running until thefinishing line.（2020新高考全国I）4.Such is my understanding about growing up.（2020天津）5.What an unforgettable experience!（2020新高考全国 I）诀窍4被动露露面如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避免这种情况。1 .Because we will present this activity on the English website,I sincerely wantyou to offer me some advice.（2021 全国甲）Because this activity will be presented on the English website,I sincerely wantyou to offer me some advice.2.I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.We need to adjust thevocabulary and grammar of the plot,and we also need your guidance on ourperformance.（2020 全国 HI）I wonder if you would like to give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar ofthe plot need to be adjusted,and we also need your guidance on our performance.3 .Im writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month.Wewill hold the match in our school gym and we will arrange it on the afternoon of July4th.（2019全国 口）一Im writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month.Thematch,which will be held in our school gym,is scheduled on the afternoon of July4th.技法五衔接过渡四类型衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。1.用于“启”的过渡词语：as you know,as is shown in the.,first of all,for onething,above all,on the one hand,in a sense,to start with等。As far as I know,this exhibition will last for half a month in the school art gallery.（2021 浙江）First of all,it is convenient since we can learn whatever we need whenevernecessary and wherever we are,as long as we have an access to the Internet.（2021 全国乙）For one thing,the overall development over the past decades has been sostriking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.（2020 江苏）First and foremost,the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.（2019全国U）2.用于“承的过渡词语：secondly,also,in addition,for another thing,for thispurpose,furthermore,what is more,for example,in other words,in fact,at thesame time,as a result,therefore等。Whats more,if I want to decorate my website with some Chinese elements,what should I do?（2021 全国甲）Therefore,I strongly recommend that all the students in our school should makeuse of their spare time to enjoy these wonderful works carefully.（2021 新高考全国 I）For another,China enjoys a long history and rich culture.（2020,江苏）Second,as a Chinese painting lover,I know a lot about this art form.（2019,全国I）Furthermore,it is necessary for you to take a good rest,which will provideenough energy for you.（2019全国H）Meanwhile,Im also interested to learn some folk dances from you in yourlecture,which w川 help me improve my dancing.（2019天津）3.用于“转”的过渡词语：after all,but,however,on the contrary,in contrast,otherwise,while,though,despite,in spite of,all the same,as a matter of fact等。However,being online learners has its advantages and disadvantages.（2021,全国乙）0n the way,although some students fell behind,they kept running until thefinishing line.（2020新高考全国工）4.用于“合”的过渡词语：in a word,generally speaking,at last,in short,in theend,in conclusion,on the whole,in summary,to sum up,to put it in a nutshell等。Finally,you are welcome at any time to my house and be myguest.Congratulations again!To sum up,I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.（2019,全国n）In conclusion,the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditionalChinese dress for such an occasion.（2019江苏）All in all,not only does Start of Spring breed peoples hope for a new year,but itconveys their expectations for the bright future.（2021 江西重点中学盟校联考）I.升级句中加黑词汇1.With the development of technology,more and more people are fond of onlinepayment.With the development of technology,an increasing number of people are fond ofonline payment.2.Traditional cultures are very important in our country.Traditional cultures are of great importance in our country.3.As for me,I like school uniforms better than casual clothes.As for me,I prefer school uniforms to casual clothes.4.Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province.Qingdao is situated/located in the east of Shandong Province.5.Everyone must have experienced a moving moment,and Id like to share minewith you.Everyone must have experienced a touching moment,and Id like to share minewith you.6.I am writing to say thanks to you for your help.I am writing to express my gratitude to you for your help.7.Here is some advice,which I hope will be good for you.Here is some advice,which I hope will be beneficial to you.8.I am very happy to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.I am extremely delighted to hear that you are coming to our city for a visit.口.升级句式练习1 .The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8:00 am to 11:00 am on June8,and during that time we reviewed the past events and watched some videosabout the heroic deeds of our schoolmates in the battle against COVID-19.（用定语从句改写）The ceremony was scheduled to be held from 8:00 am to 11:00 am on June8,during which we reviewed the past events and watched some videos about theheroic deeds of our schoolmates in the battle against COVID-19.2.An English oral competition was heldthis Monday and our class won the firstprize in it.（用定语从句改写）Our class won the first prize in the English oral competition that/which was heldthis Monday.3.Does your summer course offer accommodation?（用宾语从句改写）I wonder if/whether your summer course offers accommodation.4.The students interested in the contest are required to sign up for it before July 3.（用主语从句改写）It is required that the students interested in the contest should sign up for it beforeJuly 3.5.You greet others actively,and you are more likely to make friends.（用状语从句改写）一If you greet others actively,you are more likely to make friends.6.We became exhausted halfway,but we managed to get to the finishing line.（用状语从句改写）Although/Though/While we became exhausted halfway,we managed to get tothe finishing line.7.Whenever I meet with difficulty,my Chinese teacher gives me encouragementin time.（用强调句改写）一 It is my Chinese teacher that/who gives me encouragement whenever I meet withdifficulty.8.I am so anxious that I cant sleep well before exams.（用倒装句改写）So anxious am I that I cant sleep well before exams.9.The fruit farm lies at the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan.（用倒装句改写）At the foot of the Mount Yuhuangshan lies the fruit farm.10.We will hold the exhibition in the gallery hall of our school on Saturdayafternoon.（用被动语态改写）The exhibition will be held in the gallery hall of our school on Saturday afternoon.m.用适当的过渡词汇填空ALi Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British studentsnext month.Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress 1 .while Su prefers theschool uniforms.2.As for me/ln my opinion/As far as I am concerned,I would be happy to wear thetraditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony.3.For one thing/First ofall/Firstly,this is precisely what the British visitors are expecting.They come to learnabout Chinese culture with their own eyes.4.Therefore,their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highlyimpressive.The school uniforms are fine;5.however,they are not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.6.For another/Secondly/Besides,the inconvenience is not a problem if our purposeis to share Chinese is just the so-called inconvenience that displays therichness,delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history ofthousands of years.culture.lt7 .In conclusion/AII in all/ln short/ln brief,the traditional Chinese dress will makethe occasion attractive to the British guests.BDear Sir/Madam,I am Li Hua,a student from Guangming Middle School.I am writing to ask somequestions about the summer course.8.First of all(I wonder when the course will begin and how long it willlast.9.Secondly,I want to know whether your school will offer accommodation forthe students.1 O.Besides/Whafs more/ln addition,how much will you charge for it?11.Last but not least,how many students will be there in one class?12.All in all,I would appreciate it if you could reply to me as soon as possible.Yours,Li Hua强化练应用文写作I.作文升档(浙江1月)假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.介绍活动安排；3.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右;2.可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。学生习作Dear guests,First of all,please allow me to express a warm welcome to our dear guests onbehalf of the school.As planned,during your stay at our school,we will first give you a tour of ourschool.(3)Then(you can visit the English corner to talk with our classmates andpromote our friendship.Besides,our classes are worthy of being attended,because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and western teachingmethods.Finally,our Chinese host families will provide the opportunity toexperience a different cult
