考研英语完形.pdf

考研完型答案分布-A的正确几率相对较大，B的最低 连续7个及以上一样的答案不得分-四个选项基木平均分布 猜选项时：猜选得少的 没有连续三个答案都一样的情况 连续两个答案一样的情况为0-3个/篇 相邻两个答案彼此都不一样的情况为1 7-2 0个/篇逻辑关系题 虚词同义原则:当两个及以上虚词意思一样的时候,正确答案往往不在其中一、转关系/However,although,while,yet-转折：直接否定前半句,However,but,but rather,yet,or,or else,otherwise,Instead（of）,on the contrary,contrarily,by contrast,rather-than,让步肯定前半句，但否定前半句可能的结果,Although,even though,even if,while,as,much as,but,whereas 转关系判断：前后态度不一致，单方面出现not二、因果关系/Because 所 以（前因后果）so that,such that,as a result,lead to,consequently,therefore,hence,thus,so因 为（前果后因）,because,in that,now that,since,as,as a result of,considering,for-因果关系实质 顺关系时间先后：原因在前，结果在后因果判断 时态三、并列关系*and,or,also,yet,while,eitheror;neithernor;not onlybut also,simultaneously,similarly,meanwhile,likewise,furthermore,moreover,in addition 选项中出现并列关系词，很大可能不入选四、包含举例/for example,for instance,such as,including 判断：前复后单 注意,for example和for instance如果位于句中，一定要做插入成分 插入成分置于句首处理五、递进关系 indeed,still,highlighting,in particular.介词题L with(IO)a.伴随：和，跟，与I go to park with her.belong withcome with.they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.(2004)w ith引导伴随状语:he continues singing with his pants puters became smaller and more powerful,and they became“personal too,as well asinstitutional,with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing.(2002)b.同意，赞成Im with you.(反义：against)Irvine said he agreed with a committee report this year.(2001)c.具有：有Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.Companies(41)low accident rates plan their safety programs.(1999)41.A at B in C on Dwith注 1：at(0A)at：在，表示一个具体的状态点，如时间、地点、年龄。at the age of 20,1 arrived at classroom at 8:30,at the speed of 80 mph.注 2：in(1/5)在.里面领域、职业I major in Biology.He was engaged in insurance.Specialists _ 48_ history and economics,have shown two things.(1998)48.A atB inC aboutD ford.条件：只要有时态：将来时We will succeed with your help.With care,they will take home not the problems of science and technology,but the benefits.Press freedoms will be in safe hands(46)our British judges.(2001)46.A withB toC fromD by2.bv(2/7)a.表被动Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one allowed by the Spanish crown.(2007)The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers.(2001)b.表时间：到时候，在之前，这个时间点是这段时间的终点deadlineI must get to the class by 8:30.By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations.(2007).the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.(2005)c.表方式：通过方式，用方法We control the disease by developing new medicines.You would honor me by translating.(AVATAR)On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by planning for roles thatare within their capability and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.(2003)As industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive _ 43_ reducing the numberof employees.(1997)43.A fromB inC onD by_ 4 5 _ contrast,they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750,when England wasstill a _ 4 6 _ agricultural country,a period of great abundance and prosperity.(1998)45.A OnB WithC ForD Byd.by表方式与with表方式的区别：by后面接一种抽象的方式、手段，而 with后面接具体的工具、东西。注 3.through(0/1)a.表方式：通过方式，直接名词或者代词。.they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others.(2004)表方式和by一样，动作要山主句主语发出。For example,it has long been known that total sleep(deprivation)is 100 percent fatal to rats,yet,(47)examination of the dead bodies,the animals look completely normal.47.Aupon B by C through D withb.表位置：在.之中，遍及This means that our noses are limited to perceiving those smells which float through the air.(2005)c.表方向：从一头到另一头，经过，穿过The train went through a tunnel and went into a highland.It was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded up,beginning withtransport,the railway,and leading _ 2 6 _ through the telegraph,the telephone,radio,andmotion pictures _ 2 7 _ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane.(2002)26.A onB outC overD off27.A ofB forC beyondD into注 4.beyond:(0/1)在另一边 The house is beyond the bridge.超出，不容 beyond my ability;beyond doubts/dispute/reproach;3 on(2Z8)a.表位置或状态：在上面a book is on the desk,a smile is on his face,eyes on meThis is(12)the mind of every animal Ive ever met.(2009)12.A outside B on C by D across注 5:across:(0/1)从 上面横跨 a bridge across the river,travel across Europe注 6:outside:(0/1)接具体 在.以外 a boy outside the doorb.表关于this is a book on economy.=aboutabout:(0/2)关于；副词：大约 I will start in about two weeks；搭配：about to doc.表方向：向people marching on Washingtond.副词：表持续：继续my heart will go on4 of(狗a.名词之间的of的:A of B 结构:翻成B 的 A。从属关系，不平等的,A 这个东西是属于B 的。如 Peoples Republicof China,World of Warcraftb.形容词与名词之间的of表对象：对于：its kind of you to do.,be certain/aware/afraid/confident/dependent of.He is that rare bird,a scientist who works independently(3)any institution.3.A of B with C in D againstof+adj=n 高考：A map is of great value=is valuable.the choice of words is _ 41_ the utmost importance.(1994)41.A ofB atC forD onc.动词与宾语之间的of表内容：关于：know/think/dream/complain/consist of所 有 跟“通知,告诉”有关的词都跟of搭配，比如inform sb of,persuade sb of,accuse sb of表因果：因为：die of cancer表排除：没有：动词本 身 有“去除”之意deprive of,cure/heal of,rid/rob of,dispose of,clear/purify of5 off(175)从离开，在外面，比低。He felt off the ladder.Live a life off the wall.(Michael Jackson)They cell cellphones off the market price.Intelligence,it turns out,is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and isslow(6)the starting line.6.A off B behind C over D along6.for(1/9)表对象：为了，对于everything I do I do it for you.NOS inspired my love for English.表目的：为了the ship send out messages for help.表原因：因为Im angry with you for not telling me.The latter may commit crimes _ 2 7 _ lack of adequate parental control.27.A onB inC forD with表支持Im for this plan.反义：against7.against(羽)前后相反，常为前好后坏their immune systems-the self-protecting mechanism against disease-had crashed.(1995)He must use this surplus in three ways:as seed for sowing,as an insurance(43)the unpredictableeffects of bad weather and.(2000)43.A for B against C of D towards“Benefits have been weighed(40)harmful outcomes.(2002)40.A above B upon C against D with.实词题线索 实词同义原则:当两个及以上实词意思相近的时候,正确答案往往在其中 实词最简原则:当实词题选项满足同义原则时,正确答案往往是比较简单的那个单词。一、中心不变，统领全文 中心两大要素H 主题 文章的话题态度 对主题的态度 好/不好，正/负 中心位置：首句或首句+第二句主题：名词态度：形 容 词+动 词+副 词-阅读技巧：看文章先找中心二、段落总分对照段落内部也是总分关系段首句：中心句后面的句子：对中心句的阐述和说明解题技巧 以段落为单位预读、做题段首实词空常需段落后文指导三、并列线索 And前后选近义词 And前后选性质一样的成分（褒贬+含义的并列）And前后结构一致忖，成分对应四、转关系线索 But前后选反义词 But前后结构致时，成分对应 But前后态度导向相反五、同义复现当某一个概念在文中以类似的结构重复出现两次或两次以上时，它们的说法一致。两要素关键词*结构靠后，作为辅助手段使用.辨词思路同义原贝驻最简原则一态度一抽象或具体/人或物/主观或客观-包容性一语气一、动词题同义原则+态度1人或 物(sb or sth),主语是人的单词：think,regard,speculate,believe,claim,be impressed,respect,notice,discover,check,put forward,insist on,fear,doubt,happen to 宾语是人的单词:impress sb,side with sb,share sth with sb,credit sthto sb,confide sth to sb,give advice to sb on sth,give thought to sth抽象或具体宾语 词义 及物或不及物二、名词题 同义原则+态度 动词的名词形式，还原为动词解 动词辨析思路.介词搭配 考虑包容性更大的选项 名词后面的从句三、形容词题 同义原则+态度 它修饰的名词+限制它的副词 与它并列修饰同一个名词的形容词或从句.背单词注意点 形近词辨析 近义词辨析 词汇搭配 熟词僻义，一词多义