人教版高中必修五Unit one Great Scientists.pdf

人教版高中必修五Unit one Great Scientists教学目标：1掌握本单元重点词汇2过去分词做表语和定语的用法教学内容重点词语1.put forward提 出（建议，理论，计划等）Who put forward a theory about black holes?He put forward a new plan.2.draw a conclusion 得出结论draw a conclusion=come to a conclusion=arrive at a conclusionin conclusion 总之 the conclusion of.的结论 eg:the conclusionof the trade talksv:conclude结束，推断出eg He conclude his speech with some amazing words.（结束）The police concluded that he was the murderer.（推断出）3.Analyse the resultThe teacher asked us to analyse the text in detail.We are going to analyse what went wrong.4.defeatn:a 7-0 defeat an election defeat suffer a defeatv:Our team defeated class 3.5.Expertn:an expert with the computer;an agricultural expertadj:an expert rider;an expert opinionbe expert at=be good at He is an expert at driving the car.6.AttendThe little baby was attended by his father.All club members are quested to attend the meeting.Attend the class/the meeting/church7.Expose(to)Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.8.Curen:Doctors claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.V:I was cured with this medicine.9.challengen:face the challenge;take up the challengev:He challenged me to a game of tennis.1 0.suggestThe first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.(暗示，表明)The disorganized meeting suggested bad preparation.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested thatthe source of all the water suppliers be examined.(建议)I suggested that he should give up smoking.I suggest leaving early for the airport.注 意suggest常 用 的 有 两 种 意 思，当 意 思 为 建 议 时，常用在句型suggest(that)somebody(should)d。；另 夕 卜，后面还可直接加-ing形式。当意思为暗示时，后面该用什么时态就用什么时态。11.absorbThe big company gradually absorbed these small companies into itsown organization.I was so interested in these new ideas that I absorbed them withoutthinking.12.suspectvt:Do you have reason to suspect his motives?He is suspected of murder.n:After 3 hours of questioning,the suspect broke down andconfessed.13.be to blameI think its fair to say that she was(not)to blame for the accident.V:Its not fair to blame him,for he didnt know anything.n:I always get the blame for his mistake.14.PolluteThe government should close some companies that pollute theenvironment.n:pollution1 5.handlen:a brush with a long handle;a door handlev:He handled the problem with great diplomacy.1 6.Link(link.to.)V:Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.A highway linking two major citiesn:China should try to develop closer links with the rest of the world.17.announceWe are sorry to announce the cancellation of the flight to Shanghai.18.Instruct(命令，指示，教导)The water companies were instructed not to expose people topolluted water any more.(命令)He instructed me to deliver the things to the customer.(instruct sbto do sth)We instruct the children in basic reading skills.Instruction:He gives us instructions in English.19.be strict with sb in sthMy father is strict with me in everything.20.Contribute(to)Your ideas will contribute to solving this problem.He contributed a lot money to the charity,n contributionThe UN has made an important contribution to world peace.(make acontribution to)21.ConstructV:construct a square on this linen:Several new offices are under construction.22.apart fromApart from being short.he is smart.Apart from the cost,it will cost a lot of meney.23.make senseThe sentence didnt make any sense to me.I didnt think the sentence make sence.=I think the sentence makeno sense.24.movementsa movement away from traditional valuesI have a broken neck.so movement is quite impossible.V:moveVt The movie moves many people（感动）Please help me move the stoneVi we are going to move to the new house.25.spin（使旋转；纺纱或线）The door is spinning.Spin cotton,spin yarn26.rejectHe rejected our suggestions.They rejected the apples that are overripe.27.enthusiasticTom was enthusiastic about the place.28.CautiousI have been very cautious about giving my address to strangers.二单元语法过去分词做表语和定语分词分为过去分词和现在分词，通常情况下，过去分词表被动和完成，现在分词表主动和进行。分词在句子中常充当形容词和副词的作用。1过去分词作定语English is a widely used language.This is one of the buildings built in 1980s.单个过去分词作定语常放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语常放在被修饰词的后面。练习Did you attend the meeting_yesterday?A.to be held B held C held D being held2.过去分词做表语1)用作表语的过去分词被动意味很强，主要表示被动与完成，相当于相容词。注意区分：被动语态的过去分词动作意味强，主语为动作的承受者。Eg The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Tom.The window are closed.The window was closed by Jack.2)表示感觉流露的一些过去分词(如surprised,exciteded,frightened,shocked)和 一 些 过 去 分 词 (如dressed,drunk,lost,known,devoted等)，常用作表语，有些仅表示状态，毫无被动意味。They got quite excited to receive these new books.His father is pleased with his exams.Tom is quite disappointed to hear the result.She is experienced in teaching beginners.练习Cleaning women in big cities usually get by hour.A.pay B.to pay C paid D paying本题考察过去分词做表语。Pay sb by the hour计时给某人算报酬 此题用被动做表语，类似的结构还有get burned,get hurt,get wounded等。三单元练习I.单项填空1.In some Muslin countries,women do not their faces in thepublic.A.reveal B.uncover C.expose D.disclose2.If I take this medicine twice a day,it should my cold.A.recover,B.hold C.restore D.cure3.The boy is often found in reading books.A.absorbs B.is absorbed C.absorbing D.absorbed4.My watch has stopped.Can you get it_ for me?A.to go B.going C.go D.gone5.to complete the job on time,they set out to work immediately.A.Determined B.Be determined C.Having determined D.Tobe determined6.Dont trust such people_ praise you to your face.A.who B.that C.which D.as7.The students expected_more reviewing classes before theexam.A.there to be B.there are C.there being D.there to have8.You shouldnt keep silent when_A.speaking B.spoken to C.spoken D.speaking to9.The storms did a lot of and caused some.A.damage,deaths B.damages,deathsC.damage,deaths D.damages,death1 0.With a lot of difficult problems,the newly-elected presidentis having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settling11.After b e in g,h e was told he was suffering from cancer.A.checked B.tested C.examined D.treated12.lt rained for two weeks,completely_our holiday.A.ruined B.to ruin C.ruining D.toruining13.The way he suggests to us doesnt makeA.difference B.opinions C.use D.sense14.She felt rather that she should drive the car at sucha speed.A.frightening,frightening B.frightened,frightenedC.frightening,frightened D.frightened,frightening1 5.Cleaning women in big cities get_ by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay1 1.完形填空A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full 1 6of the facts he observes.He doesnt accept ideas which are not 1 7on obvious facts,and therefore refuses to accept authority（权威）as theonly 18 for truth.He always 19 ideas carefully and makesexperiments to prove them.The rise of 20 science may perhaps be considered to 21as far back as the 22 of Roger Bacon,the wonderfulphilosopher（哲学家）of Oxford,who live 23 the years 1214 and1292.He was probably the first in the middle 24 to suggest thatwe must learn science 25 observing and experimenting on thethings around us,and he himself 26 many important discoveries.Galileo,however,who lived more than 300 years later(1564-1642),was the greatest of several great men,27 in Italy,France,Germany,or England,began by 28 to show how many important29 could be discovered by observation.Before Galileo,learned menbelieved that large bodies fell more 30 towards the earth thansmall ones,31 Aristotle said so.But Galileo,going to the 32of the leaning Tower of Pisa,let fall two 33 stones and provedAristotle was wrong.It was Galileos 35 of going direct to Nature,and proving our 35 and theories by experiment,that has led toall the discoveries of modern science.16.A.useB.timeC.speedD.trust1 7.A.workedB.basedC.livedD.written18.A.reasonB.causeC.adviceD.result19.A.thinksB.checksC.hasD.learn20.A.naturalB.physicalC.ancientD.modern21.A.dateB.keepC.lookD.take22.A.studyB.timeC.yearD.birth23.A.bothB.eachC.betweenD.among24.A.schoolsB.agesC.daysD.countries25.A.inB.withC.onD.by26.A.didB.madeC.tookD.gave27.A.whoB.whenC.thatD.where28.A.waysB.degreesC.levelsD.chance29.A.truthsB.problemsC.peopleD.subjects30.A.slowlyB.rapidlyC.lightlyD.heavily31.A.althoughB.becauseC.whenD.If32.A.placeB.footC.topD.ceiling33.A.bigB.smallC.equalD.unequal34.A.spiritB.skillC.theoryD.discovery35.A.plansB.opinionsC.worldD.Ability111.单词拼写（根据句意及所给首字母写出正确的单词）36.The bell rang,a the end of the class.37.The hurricane lasted a week,causing millions of d.38.The new railway station under c will be completed bythe end of the year.39.It is Mary rather you who is to b for the accident.40.Mary is advised to have her eyes e without delay.41.A the conference is a great honour to him.42.It took the firemen ten hours to bring the fire underc.43.You must be very careful to h such a complex case.44.It is said that the a people have been separated fromothers.45.Tom is so c a driver as never causes accidents.IV.完成句子翻译。46.那位退休工人建议我多喝开水。T h e _ worker advised me to drink more_ water.47.他脸上失望的表情表明计划下个月的旅行已被取消。T h e look on his face suggested the tripfor next month has been called off.48.令母亲担心的是，我昨天在足球比赛中摔伤了右腿。To his mothers great worry,!i n the right leg inthe match yesterday.4 9.在这个工厂，工人是按计件拿工资的。I n the factory,the workers get the piece.50.他父亲写的科学书籍很畅销The science book his father sells well.51.如果伤口继续暴露在外面，它就会感染的。If the wound r e ma i n e d,i t will get.52.输了比赛的那个男孩在埋头看书。The boy in the match was in readingbooks.53.接受医生检查的那个女孩患了重病。The g irl the doctor suffered from a badillness.5 4.我们学校东边的那条被污染的河整天发出难闻的气味。T h e riv e r to the east of our schoolsmells all day.5 5.当他听说了偶然中发现的这种物质时，这位教授感到异常激动。about the substance by accident,the professorfelt most.V.书面表达汤姆因在学校使用手机被学校处分，他感到很困惑，写信给你求助。请根据以下结构提示给汤姆回信。开头结尾已给出。Beginning:Your letter reached me yesterday.lt said in your lettert h at.Paragraph 1:手机的优点：联系便捷Paragraph 2:带手机上学存在的问题：干扰教学，有害学习和健康Ending:It is right for school to prevent you from using cellphones inschool.1-5 CDDBA 6-10 DABAC 11-15 CCDDC16.选 A。Make use of 利用；使用；make full use of 充分利用。17.选 B。Be based on/upon 以.为基础；基于.18.选A。Reason能够对一个事物的发生或它的性质作出解释的东西；cause是导致一个事物发生的条件或原因。根据句子意思，是指“不能接受某种权威来说明真理的合法性”，应用reason.19.选B。check.v.证明无误，核对无误。意思最恰当。20.选D。根据下文的内容，modern science“现代科学”意思最恰当。21.选A。Date back词组，意为“回溯至”。22.选B。Time n.这里指 时代,年代”。23.选C。between与and连用,表示 在。和。之间”。24.选B。The Middle Ages n.中世纪；中古时代。（文中没有大写，应该是编辑错误。）25.选B。表示使用的工具，手段 用with。例如：defend the motherlandwith ones life用生命保卫祖国26.选B。Make,d o与名词有固定搭配关系：do:bedroom,ones best,ones duty,favour,harm,good,shopping,.make:discovery,appointment,arrangements,a bed,achange,a decision,.27.选A。W ho引导了一个省略的定语从句修饰great men。完整的从句是 who lived/was in.28.选B。by degrees词组，相当于副词，意为：逐渐地。29.选A。根据上文意思，应为：truths.事实，真理，原理30.选B。Rapidly.Adv.快,迅速地。意思最恰当。31.选B。根据句子意思，应为because conj.因为32.选 CTop.n.顶，顶端。Leaning,a d j.倾斜的。Tower.N.塔，城堡。33.选D。Unequal.A d j.不相等的；不对称的34.选A。science spirit科学精神；world spiht时代精神，世界潮流35.选B。opinion意为“观点”。单词拼写36.announcing 37.deaths 38.construction 39.blame 40.examined41.Attending 42.control 43 handle 44.affected 45.cautious完成句子翻译。46.retired,boiled 47.disappointed,planned 48.got,worried49.paid,by50.written,by 51.exposed,infected 52.defeated,buried(absorbed,lost)53,examined,by 54.polluted,lying,terrible 55.Hearing,discovered,excited行文要素演练Your letter reached me yesterday.It said in your letter that youwere punished for using cellphones,which puzzled you.There is no doubt that cellphones can bring us m uch convenience.We can keep in touch with friends and families wherever they are.Besides,the cellphone is a way to fun.However,there are some problems with using cellphones.Thering of phones can disturb teachers and students in the class.It hasbeen proved that often using cellphones does harm to health.Anotherproblem is that some students can spend too much time and moneyon cellphones and sending messages,which will result in bad resultsin study.As a student,he should concentrate on study.It is right for schoolto prevent you from using cellphones.