卷1-备战2022年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一辑（解析版）.pdf

备战2022年高考英语【名校地市好题必刷】全真模拟卷（新高考专用）第一模拟（本卷共3 部分，满 分 120分，考试用时90分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅 读（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2021 山师附中高三最后打靶卷）ATo-do things during your trip to AmsterdamCanal Boat TripThe UNESCO protected canal belt is the perfect image of Amsterdam.The sight is pleasing to the eyes aftersundown when the bridges get lit up using fairy lights.You can consider hop on and off boats that dock in differentareas,which is a large business.There are even free passenger ferries in the northern area of the city.Coffee shopsIf you are a coffee lover,you will be pleased to visit many quiet coffee shops that combine elegance and romance.The environment is great and relaxing and you may sip on a warm coffee in the beautifully-designed coffee shop whichis also perfect for taking pictures.Great memories can be created here.MuseumsLocated at the Museumpiein（博物馆广场）are three major museumsthe Rijksmuseum,Van Gogh Museum,and Stedelijk Museum.Regarded as the cultural heart of Amsterdam,the famous district can be said to be a paradisefor those who love art.It has been recently restored so that it is of a world-class standard.SquareThe grand open square is full of activities throughout the day.You can encounter fantastic open-air exhibitions,markets as well as a huge paddling pool that lets one dip their toes into it when the day is warm.When it is winter thesquare becomes a huge outdoor ice area.1.What do we know about Canal Boat Trip?A.It is protected by UNESCO.B.It is an ideal choice for art lovers.C.It offers a fancy bridge light show.D.It provides free ferries on every dock.2.Which place is suitable for relaxation and taking photos?A.The Canal Belt.C.Van Gogh Museum.3.What can travelers possibly do on the square?A.Swimming in a pool.C.Enjoying indoor exhibits.B.A Coffee Shop.D.The Square.B.Appreciating great arts.D.Skating outdoors in winter.【答案】l.C 2.B 3.D【语篇解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍r 四处去阿姆斯特丹时必去的四个地方，以及它们各自的特色。1 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Canal Boat Trip 部分的“The sight is pleasing to the eyes after sundown when thebridges get lit up using fairy lights.（日落后，当桥被彩色小灯照亮时，这景象令人赏心悦目。）”可知，Canal BoatTrip给游客提供了一个别致的桥灯表演。故选C。2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Coffee shops 部分的“The environment is great and relaxing and you may sip ona warm coffee in the beautifully-designed coffee shop which is also perfect for taking pictures.（这里的环境很好，很放松，你可以在设计精美的咖啡馆里小口喝一杯热咖啡,这里也是拍照的最佳选择。）”可知，A Coffee Shop适合放松和拍照。故选B。3 题详解 推理判断题。根据 Square 部分的“When it is winter the square becomes a huge outdoor ice area.（冬天，这个广场就成了一个巨大的户外冰雪世界）”可推知，冬天游客可以在Square进行户外滑雪。故选D。（2021山东日照二模）BTrucker Gerlock traveled hundreds of thousands of miles with his dog,Holly,who came with him on everyroute-including his last one.While driving near Dallas,Texas,on the job,the 59-year-old Marylander crashedinto a concrete column.Gerlock was killed instantly.Looking in the back of the truck,though,rescue driversfound one survivor.Rescue workers cut the Chesapeake Bay retriever（切萨皮克海湾寻回犬）一practically untouchedout of theback of the truck,where shed been sleeping.Its amazing that anything survived,“Sandy Nordhoff,friend ofGerlock,told The Kent County News.Unsure what happened to Holly,Gerlock friends from his town of Rock Hall,Maryland,made numerouscalls and emails to agencies in order to find out where the dog was.Eventually,they found out she had been stayingin Dallas Animal Services shelter and a foster family had taken her in fbr Thanksgiving.The Rock Hall localshatched a plan to get her home.Joe Creighton and Sandys husband,Russell Nordhoff,both lifelong friends of Gerlock,volunteered to makethe 2,800-mile trip from Rock Hall to Dallas and back,which took two days each way.The friends borrowedGerlock pickup truck for the road,so Holly would feel more comfortable on the journey home,according to TheKent County News.Back in Rock Hall,some of Gerlocks friends adopted Holly.Ever since,the dog has been a town icon（偶像）,making an appearance in almost every town parade.“The outpouring of love shown towards Gerlock and Holly was heartwarming,Rock Hall resident Jamie Elburntells Readers Digest.It shows how the companionship oFmans best friends and simple kindness can overcomeeven the most difficult situation!,94.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 indicate?6.What can we infer about the work on getting Holly back home?A.The trip was extremely tiring.C.The survivor was very smart.B.The result was quite satisfying.D.The accident was too serious.5.What happened to Holly after she was saved?A.She was nowhere to be found.B.She was put in an animal shelter.C.She was sent back home immediately.D.She was adopted by a foster familyA.It was painstaking.B.It was full of danger.C.It turned out to be interesting.D.It required much experience.7.How did Jamie Elburn feel about the whole story?A.Sympathetic.B.Grateful.C.Shocked D.Touched.【答案】4.D 5.B 6.A 7,D【语篇解析】本文主要讲述了 Gerlock在 一 起交通事故中去世后，他的朋友其他人一起救援他的宠物狗Holly的感人故事。【4 题详解】推理判断题。由第一.段可知，Gerlock驾驶过程中，撞上了一一个个水泥柱子，并且在交通事故中死亡。说明事故非常严重，因此救援人员认为，Gerlock的宠物狗Holly能在事故中幸存下来已经是个奇迹。故答案为D。（5 题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Eventually,they found out she had been staying in Dallas AnimalServices center.”可知，Holly被救后来到了 一个动物收养所，故答案为B。【6 题详解】推理判断题。由第四段可知，去接Holly的路程是2,800英里，且需要4 天的时间。由此可以推知，接 Holly回家是一项非常辛苦的工作，故答案为A。7 题详 解 推理判断题。由文章的最后一 段第句话“The outpouring of love shown towards Gerlock andHolly”可推知，Jamie Elburn觉得本文讲述的故事是暖心的，令人感动的，故答案为D。（2021 山东临沂高三学科素养检测）CChildren always appreciate small gifts of money.Mum or dad,of course,provides a regular supply ofpocket money,but uncles and aunts are always a source of extra income.With some children,small sums go along way.If fifty pence pieces are not exchanged for sweets,they rattle for months inside the money-box.Onlyvery thrifty children manage to fill up a money-box.For most of them,fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nicebig bar of chocolate.My nephew,George,has a money-box but it is always empty.Very few of the fifty pence pieces and poundcoins I have given to him found their way there.I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him to save it.Instead,he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble.On his way to the sweet shop,he dropped his fifty penceand it rolled along the pavement and then disappeared down a drain.George took off his jacket,rolled up hissleeves and pushed his right arm through the drain cover.However,he couldnt find his fifty pence pieceanywhere,and whats more,he couldnt get his arm out.A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbedhis arm with soap and butter,but George was firmly stuck.The fire-brigade was called and two fire fighters freedGeorge using a special type of grease.George was not too upset by his experience because a gentleman who ownsthe sweet shop heard about his trouble and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.8.Where do kids mainly get their pocket money?.A.mums or dadsB.aunts or unclesC.money-boxesD.grandmas or grandpas9.According to Paragraph 1,how do most kids treat their pocket money?A.They save it in the money-box.B.They spend it on things they like.C.They exchange it fbr more money.D.They rattle it inside the money-box.10.Which of die following statements about George is TRUE?A.He bought a large box of candy.B.He felt sorry for his bad experience.C.He eventually got his money back from the drain.D.He hardly saved the pocket money given by the author.11.After the fire fighters came to Georges rescue,what happened to G e o r g e?.A.George greased his arm and was able to get it out of the drain.B.George got some chocolates at the sweet shop with the fire fighters.C.George was rewarded by the owner of the sweet shop for his trouble.D.the lady who had failed to rescue George gave him a box of chocolates.【答案】8.A 9.B 10.D 11.C【语篇解析】这是一篇记叙文。孩子们总是喜欢得到一些小礼物，父母也经常会给孩子零花钱，作者昨天给J外甥George5()便士让他存起来，结果George在去糖果店的路上，去捡掉进排水沟的钱不幸把手臂卡住了，多亏了两名消防员才得以脱险。糖果店的一位老板娘听说了George遇到的麻烦后，给了他一大盒巧克力。8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mum or dad,of course,provides a regular supply of pocket money,but uncles and aunts are always a source of extraincome.”可知当然，爸爸妈妈经常给孩子零花钱，但是，叔舅婶姨也是孩子额外收入的来源。由此可知，对于孩子们来说，零花钱主要来自他们的爸爸妈妈。故选A。【9 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“With some children,small sums go a long way.If fifty pence piecesare not exchanged for sweets,they rattle for months inside the money-box.Only very thrifty children manage tofill up a money-box.For most of them,fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar ofchocolate”可知对一些孩子来说，小钱是很重要的。如果50便士的硬币没有换成糖果，它们就会在钱箱里摇晃几个月。只有非常节俭的孩子才能把钱箱装满。对他们中的大多数人来说，50便士对于买一大块巧克力来说是个小数目。由此可推知，大多数孩子把他们的零花钱花在他们喜欢的东西上。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“My nephew,George,has a money-box but it is always empty.Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given to him found their waythere.可知我的外甥乔治有一个储蓄罐，但总是空的。我给了他一些50便士和1英镑的硬币，但没几个存起来的。由此可知，关于George的说法中，D选项“他几乎没有把作者给的零用钱存起来“正确。故选Do【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fire-brigade was called and two fire fighters freed Georgeusing a special type of grease.George was not too upset by his experience because a gentleman who owns thesweet shop heard about his trouble and rewaided him with a large box ofchocolates.”可知有人打电话叫来消防队，两名消防队员使用了一种特殊的润滑剂才使George得以解脱o不过，此事并没有使George太伤心，因为糖果店的一位老板娘听说了他遇到的麻烦后，赠给他一大盒巧克力。由此可知，在消防队员前来救援George之后，糖果店老板奖励了George一大盒巧克力。故选C。D（2021山东实验中学高三二模）Blood donations save lives.But blood can only be stored under refrigeration for up to six weeks.After that,itsno longer usable for transfusions.Because of that limitation,people have to continually donate blood to meet theneeds.Jonathan Kopechek,a bioengineer from University of Louisville says suspension to regular blood donationsdue to COVID-19 has put stress on the blood supply,and the pandemic underscores the need fbr more reliablelong-term storage methods.Good news is that Kopecheks team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in adehydrated（脱水的）state at room temperature.To do so,they turned to a sugar called trehalose（海藻糖）,which is acommon ingredient in donuts（甜甜圈）.Trehalose is intended to help make them look fresh even when they aremonths old,and you wouldnt know the difference.The researchers chose trehalose because,in nature,its made by animals like sea monkeysfamous for theirability to survive dehydration,t4So these animals can dry out completely fbr a long time and then be rehydrated andresume normal function.So we wanted to use the trehalose produced by these organisms and apply that topreserving blood cells in a dried state?But first,the researchers had to get trehalose into blood cells.To achieve this,they drilled temporary holes inthe cell membranes（细 月 包 月 莫）.And they need to have sufficient trehalose on both the inside and the outside of thecell in order to survive the dehydration and rehydration process.At that point,the blood could be dried and madeinto a powder.uAnd then we can rehydrate the blood and have it return back to normal.”Kopechek said the technique could be ready for clinical trials in three to five years.If successful,it could beused to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disastersand for humanitarian aid work,military operations or even missions to Mars.Maybe first aid kits on Mars will include dried red blood cells.1 2.Which has the closest meaning with the underlined word in Paragraph 2?A.Satisfy.B.Decrease.C.Highlight.D.Influence.1 3.What can we learn about trehalose?A.It can only be found in sea monkeys.B.It should be preserved in a dried state.C.It helps to keep donuts fresh and tasty.D.It contributes to long-term blood storage.1 4.Which is the correct order of storing blood with trehalose?Drying blood and making it into a powder.Rehydrating the blood.A.B.1 5.What is the text mainly about?A.Dried blood has a promising prospect.C.The need for stored blood is on the rise.【答案】1 2.C 1 3.D 1 4.A Getting trehalose into blood cells.Drilling holes in the cell surface.C.D.B.Trehalose could help stored blood last.D.Storing blood longer is very challenging.1 5.B【语篇解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海藻糖可用让血液得以长期储存这一科学发现。1 2 题详解】词句猜测题。第二自然段Jonathan Kopechek,a bioengineer from University of Louisville sayssuspension to regular blood donations due to COVID-1 9 has put stress on the blood supply,and the pandemicunderscores the need for more reliable long-term storage methods.（路易斯维尔大学生物工程师 JonathanKopechek表示，由于C O V ID-1 9,暂停定期献血给血液供应带来了压力，这场大流行突显出对更可靠的长期储存方法的需求）”中讲到COVID-19造成暂停定期献血（suspension to regular blood donations）,结合前文可推知，我们现有的血液储存方式存在缺陷,容易受到影响，我们需要更可靠的血液储存方式。这是在COVID-19大流行时期暴露出来的问题，也就是说C0VID-19大流行突显出这一需求的迫切性（underscores the need）,underscores可以理解为“突显,强调”。故选C 项。13 题 详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Good news is that Kopecheks team has developed a method ofpreserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated（脱水的）state at room temperature.To do so,they turned to asugar called trehalose（海藻糖）（好消息是，Kopechek的团队已经开发了一种保存血液的方法，这样它就可以在室温下以脱水状态保存。为 了 做到这一点，他们转向一种叫做海藻糖的糖）“可知，科学家发现海藻糖有助于血液的长期保存。故选D 项。1 4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第五自然段内容可知用海藻糖储存血液的顺序是“they drilled temporary holesin the cell membranes（他们在细胞膜上钻 了一些临时的洞）”,have sufficient trehalose on both the inside and theoutside of the cell（细胞内外都有足够的海藻糖吗），the blood could be dried and made into a powder（血液可以被干燥成粉末）和 we can rehydrate the blood and have it return back to normal（我们可以给血液补充水分让它恢复正常）故选A 项。15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二自然提出的问题“the pandemic underscores the need for more reliablelong-term storage methods.（这场大流行突显出对更可靠的长期储存方法的需求）”和下文科学家利用海藻糖来储存血液可知，本文主要介绍了海藻糖可用让血液得以长期储存这一科学发现。故选B 项。（2021山东济市期中考试）第 二 节（共 5 小题：每小题2.5分,满 分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。September 23 marks the start of a new season.16 In Great Britain,the third season of the year usuallyhas only one name:autumn.But if you travel across the Atlantic,youH find that people use both fall and autumninterchangeably when referring to this time of year,making it the only season in the English language with twowidely accepted n a m e s.17According to D,fall isnt a modern name that followed the more traditional autumn.The twoterms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other,with the term fall being used even a bitearlier.18 The word is of Germanic origin and meant“picking or collecting,a nod to the act of gatheringand preserving crops in the field before winter.In the 1500s,English speakers began referring to the seasonseparating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf,or fall and spring forshort.19 By the end of the 1600s,autumn,from the French word“automne“and the Latin“autumnus”,hadovertaken fall as the standard British term for the third season.Around the same time England adopted autumn,the first-ever British American colonists（殖民者）werevoyaging to North America.20 While the former fell out of fashion overseas,it established itself in the localvocabulary by the time America won its independence.Today,using both words to describe the season beforewinter is still a unique American behavior.A.The Americans prefer using fail to using autumn.B.With them they brought the words fall and a