2022年高考冲刺英语试题(全国卷1).pdf

20 1 3 年高考英语试题（全国卷1）第 二 部 分 英 语 知 识 运 用（共两节，满分45分）第 一 节 单 项 填 空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21.一 Why,this is nothing but common vegetable soup!-,madam.It*s our soup of the day.A.Let me see B.So it is C.Dont mention it D.Neither do I答案：A解析：本题考查交际用语。句意：“哎呀，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！”“让我看看，女士。这就是我们今天的汤。”选项A适合用于此语境，可表示日常礼貌的交际表达；而选项B、C、D均不符合语境和句子。知识点：根据答语可知，第二个人同意第-个人加口话，醮用So+主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词”结构，意为 的确如此。表 示B和A同样做了某事，则用 So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语结构。22.They might just have a place on the writing course 一 why don*t you giveit a try?A.leave B.left C.leaving D.to leave答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可能只保留了一个位置给写作课程你为什么不试试看呢？知识点：leave作动词讲，可表示“使保留，留下备用“，leave和place属于被动关系，故left作place的后置定语，表示“剩下的位置，保留的位置”。23.Try not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to yourlungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help答案：D解析：本题考查固定用法。句意：想咳就咳出来吧，不要忍着，因为这可能引发你的肺部疾病。知识点：sb.can not help表示“某人忍不住（或无法抑制）”，本句将not前置了,故为help24.If we now to protect the environment,well live to regret it.A.hadnt acted B.havent acted C.dont act D.wont act答案：C解析：本题考查if引导的现在真实条件句。句意：如果我们现在不采取行动保护环境的话，我们将抱憾终身。知识点：if引导的现在真实条件句的结构为：主将从现（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时）。本题中，主句为well liv e,从句应为dont act,一般现在时的否定形式，故答案为C25.Tony can hardly boil an egg,still cook dinner.A.less B.little C.much D.more答案:A解析：本题考查固定用法。句意：托尼连煮鸡蛋都不太会，就更不用说做饭了。知识点：still less为固定短语，表示“更不用说，更何况。26.Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.which B.where C.how D.what答案：D解析：本题考查what引导宾语从句。句意：警方已锁定了那个可能是遗失的古雕像。知识点：found后接宾语从句，从句中appears to 缺少主语成分，所以应该选一个连接代词引导宾语从句，故排除选项B 和 C；what可以引导宾语从句，在本句中既可作found的宾语、又可作从句的主语，选 项 A 不符合题意，故本题答案为选项 D27.When I first met Bryan I didnt like him,but I my mind.A.have changed B.change C.had changed D.would change答案:A解析：本题考查现在完成时。句意：当我第一次见到布莱恩时，我不怎么喜欢他，但我已经改变我对他的看法了。知识点：现在完成时表示动作从过去一个不确定的时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且将来有可能继续下去（也可能到此结束），强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时have changed对现在造成的影响就是我改变了对Bryan的看法。28.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the policeA.not to do B.not to C.not do D.do not答 案:B解析：本题考查动词不定式。句意：司机想靠路边停车，但警察不让他这么做。知识点：ask sb.（not）to do sth.表示“要求某人做（不要做）某事”，本题中，was asked用于被动语态，不 定 式to后的成分可省略，以避免和前面的动词park重复29.The door open,no matter how hard she pushed.A.shouldnt B.couldnt C.wouldnt D.mightnt答案：B解析：本题考查情态动词。句意：不管她怎么用力推门，都无法打开这扇门。知识点：couldnt表示 不能，无法”，其余三项均不符合句意要求30.At the last moment,Tom decided to a new character to make the storyseem more likely.A.put up B.put in C.put on D.put off答案：B解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最后时刻，汤姆决定增加一个新角色使故事显得更真实一些。知识点：put u p提出；提升，使升高；putin把写 进（信函，故事等）；put on饰演，上演；穿,戴；put Off下车；脱掉；推迟，延迟；综上所述，只有选项B 符合句意要求31.India attained independence in 1947,after long struggle.A.不填；a B.the;a C.a n;不填 D.an;the答案：A解析：本题考查定冠词和不定冠词。句意：经过一段漫长的斗争，印度于1947年实现了独立。知识点：independence是不可数名词，故可排除选项C 和 D。independence前不需加定冠词the特指，实现独立”的表达为attain independence32.Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discoveryanother man,also intelligent,fails.A.since B.if C.as D.while答案：D解析：本题考查连词whileo句意：人们无法解释为什么有人能做出重大发现，然而同样聪明的另一个人却失败了。知识点：通过句意可知，本题想要表达的是一个转折关系，while作连词讲，可表示“（对比两件事或两个人）而,然而“；since意为“因为，由 于 if意为“如果”;as意为“当时；因为；尽管”，故本题答案为选项D33.You can*t judge a book by its c o v e r,.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old sayingC.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying解析：本题考查固定用法。句意：古人云“你不能根据封面来评价一本书”。知识点：as the old saying goes为固定表达，意为“古人云，俗话说，正如古话所说34.It was a real race time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it.A.overB.byC.forD.against答案：D解析：本题考查介词。句意：我们要像真正在比赛一样争分夺秒地完成该项目。幸运的是，我们做到了。知识点：over prep.在.的上方；在.期间；遍及；by prep.靠近；通过，经由；For prep.（表示对象、用途等）给，对，供；为了；关于；against prep.逆，对抗；反对；与相反；综上所述，只有选项D符合句意要求35.The sunlight is white and b lin d in g,h a rd-e d g e d shadows on the ground.A.throwing B.being thrown C.to throw D.to be thrown答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意：阳光明媚而刺眼，在地面上投下了轮廓鲜明的影子。知识点：throw表示“照 射（光线），投 射（阴影），throw和sunlight属于主动关系，故可排除选项B和D；不定式表示目的，所 以to throw不符合句意要求第 二 节 完 形 填 空（共20小题：每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I went to a group activity,Sensitivity Sunday，which was to make us more 36the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to 37 a disability”fbrseveral hours one Sunday.Some members,38,chose to use wheelchairs.Otherswore sound-blocking earplugs（耳塞）or blindfolds（眼罩）.Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience.I had never consideredbefore how40 it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down my 41 made the chairbegin to roll.Its wheels were not 42,Then I wondered where to put my 43.Ittook me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44.1 took my first uneasy lookat what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours.For disabled people,adopting a wheelchair“is not a temporary（临时的）46.I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful,48 kind ofnice,to be 49 around for a while.Looking around,I 50 I would have tohandle the thing myself!My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy wheels.Icame to know that controlling the 52 of the wheelchair is not going to be a（an）53task.My wheelchair experiment was soon 54.It made a deep impression on me.Afew hours of“disability“gave me only a taste of the 55,both physical and mental,that disabled people must overcome.36.A.curious aboutB.interested inC.aware ofD.careful with37.A.cureB.preventC.adoptD.analyze38.A.insteadB.strangelyC.as usualD.like me39.A.learningB.workingC.satisfyingD.relaxing40.A.convenientB.awkwardC.boringD.exciting41.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight42.A.lockedB.repairedC.poweredD.grasped43.A.handsB.feetC.keysD.handles44.A.placeB.actionC.playD.effect45.A.operationB.communicationC.transportationD.production46.A.explorationB.educationC.experimentD.entertainment47.A.flexibleB.safeC.startingD.comfortable48.A.yetB.justC.stillD.even49.A.shownB.pushedC.drivenD.guided50.A.realizedB.suggestedC.agreedD.admitted51.A.liftedB.turnedC.pressedD.seized52.A.pathB.positionC.directionD.way53.A.easyB.heavyC.majorD.extra54.A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished55.A.weaknessesB.challengesC.anxietiesD.illnesses答案：36-40 CCDAB41-45 DABAC46-50 CDBBA 51-55 BCADB总评：这是一篇讲述作者通过使用轮椅，体验残疾人生活的记叙文。话题是考生比较熟悉的关爱残疾人的问题。3 6.答案：C解析：本题考查词组辨析。curious about对.感到好奇”；interested in”对.有兴趣”;aware o f，知道，意识到，关心；careful with”小心”；根据上下文可知，这个小组活动的目的是让我们对残疾人面对的问题更加的了解和关心。选 项C符合题意37.答案:C解析：本题考查动词辨析。cure“治愈”;prevent 防止,预防“；adopt”采用，挑选“；analyze”分析；disability前面有不定冠词a修饰，表示“某一方面的残疾“，结合上下文可知本句在具体解释前面提到的小组活动的内容，即“让我们挑选一个残疾方面，在周日体验几个小时38.答案:D解析：本题考查上下文语义。instead”反而，却；strangely奇怪地；as usual”像平常一样；like me“像我一样”；前面提到每个人都需要选择一个项目，有些人选择了轮椅，有些人选择了耳塞或眼罩。从下文可知，我也是选择了轮椅，所以答案选D39.答案:A解析：本题考查learning”学习，了解“；working”工作上的，起作用的“；satisfying”令人满意的“；relaxing“使人放松的“；仅仅是坐在轮椅中都是一个学习了解的过程4 0.答案：B解析：本题考查形容词辨析。convenient”方便的,；awkward”笨拙的，难操纵的,；boring“枯燥的；exciting“令人激动的，使人兴奋的“；从下文可以知道，作者在操作轮椅时频频出错，所以轮椅对他来说应是很难操纵，所以，答案选B41.答 案:D解析：本题考查名词辨析。height“高度”；force 力；权力；暴力；skill“技巧”；weight“重量，体重,；force一般强调用个人意志发出的力量，而weight指客观重量。本句意为“我一坐上去，我身体的重量就使轮椅开始转起来。”42.答案:A解析：本题考查动词辨析。lock锁，上锁；repair”修理；power”充电；grasp”抓紧，抓牢”；前面提到一坐上去，轮椅就转了起来，由此可知轮子是没有上锁的4 3.答 案:B解析：本题考查上下文语义。从下文的footrest可知，这里作者应该是不知道把脚搁在哪里44.答案：A解析：本题考查词组搭配。get sth.into place意为“使就位，准备就绪”45.答案：C解析：本题考查名词辨析。operation”操作；communication”交流，通讯”；transportation”交通工具,；production”生产”；文章第一段提到作者会在轮椅中体验好几个小时，从空格后面的for several hours可知，这里作者看的是轮椅，而轮椅是一种交通工具，所以答案选C46.答案：C解析：本题考查名词辨析。exploration”探险，探索“；education”教育；experiment”尝试，试验“；entertainment”娱乐,；显然，对于残疾人来说，坐轮椅不是一次临时的尝试47.答 案:D解析：本题考查形容词辨析。flexible“灵活的；safe“安全的；starting“开始的”；comfortable“舒服的”；此处意为“我试着去找一个比较舒服的姿势48.答 案:B49.答案：B50.答案:A解析：48、49、50可以连起来判断答案。从下文“环顾四周，我才意识到我要自己推这个轮椅！”从作者的感叹语气可以推断，作者一开始还以为会有人来带着他到处走走，所以觉得这样很不错。48题选B,此处just意为“真正地，实在，的确”，后面常接形容词，用于口语中。这是一道比较难的题目。49题选B,be pushed around表示“被别人推着到处转转”。50题选A,realize“意识到51.答案：B解析：本题考查动词辨析。lift“举起来；turn“转动”；press“按压”；seize“抓住”，作者是坐在轮椅上，所以这里应该是转动轮椅，答案选B52.答案:C解析：本题考查名词辨析。path“小路；position位置；directi on“方向；way”路，路线”；这里应该是控制轮椅的方向，答案选C53.答案：A解析：本题考查上下文语义。前面提到“在转动轮椅的时候，我的手开始痛起来”,由此可知，控制轮椅的方向并不是一件轻松活，答案选A54.答案：D解析：本题考查动词辨析。forget 遗忘，忘记“；repea俨重复；conduct 管理，引导，指挥”；finish”结束:首先可以排除B、C 选项，从后面一句“它给我留下来深刻的印象“可知，作者并没有很快就忘记这次坐轮椅之旅，所以可以排除A 项5 5.答案：B解析：本题考查名词辨析。weakness“弱点，缺点”；challenge“挑战”；anxiety焦虑,担心“；illness“病，疾病”；从最后的overcome可知，这里应该是克服“挑战”第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASome people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my familys last vacation.It was my six-year-old sons winter break from school,and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight wasoverbooked,and Delta,the airline,offered us$400 per person in credits to give up ourseats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York,so I had to get back.But thatdidnt mean my husband and my son couldn*t stay.I took my nine-month-old and tookoff for home.The next day,my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even laterflight.Yes,I encouraged-okay,ordered-them to wait it out at the airport,to“eam moreDelta Dollars.Our total take:$1,600.Not bad,huh?Now some people may think Im a bad mother and not such a great wife either.Butas a big-time bargain hunter,I know the value of a dollar.And these days,a good deal issomething few of us can afford to pass up.Ive made living looking for the best deals and exposing（揭露）the worst tricks.Ihave been the consumer reporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade.I have writtena couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade:A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money s worth.I,m alsotightfisted when it comes to shoes,clothes for my children,and expensive restaurants.But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its longer,and its the firstthing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.56.Why did Delta give the authors family credits?A.They took a later flight.B.They had early bookings.C.Their flight had been delayed.D.Their flight had been cancelled.57.What can we learn about the author?A.She rarely misses a good deal.B.She seldom makes a compromise.C.She is very strict with her children.D.She is interested in cheap products.58.What does the author do?A.Shes a teacher.B.Shes a housewife.C.Shes a media person.D.Shes a businesswoman.59.What does the author want to tell us?A.How to expose bad tricks.B.How to reserve airline seats.C.How to spend money wisely.D.How to make a business deal.56.答案：A.They took a later flight.解析:细节题。由 Delta 定位到第一段，The flight was overbooked,and Delta,theairline,offered us$400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.可知，因为航班超额预定，航空公司不得不取消我们的座位，让我们乘坐第二天的航班，正因为此，他们为我们提供了补贴。由此可知，正确答案为A57.答案:A.She rarely misses a good deal.解析：细节题。由文中第三段 And these days,a good deal is something few of us canafford to pass up.可知，如今几乎没有人负担得起拒绝一个好的交易，而从作者之前的经历来看，她也甚至钱的价值，所以正确答案为Ao58.答案：C.Shes a media person.解析：细节题。由关键词consumer reporter定位文章第四段。I have been the consumerreporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books.作者是美国广播公司今日秀节目的记者，并且写过一些书。由此可知，作者是个媒体人。因此，正确答案为C59.答案：C.How to spend money wisely.解析：主旨题。由关键词getting your money worth定位文章最后一段 I tell you thisbecause there is no shame in getting your moneys worth.把钱花在恰当的地方，让物有所值，不是什么害臊的事。由此可知，本文主要告诉我们该如何明智的花钱。因此，正确答案为CBThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉)。Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with twoblack spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces itby another,this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one tothe other,her gaze()疑视)starts to lose its focus-until a third,with three black spots,ispresented.Her gaze returns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previouscard.Can she tell that the number two is different from three,just 24 hours after cominginto die world?Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer?The same experiment,but with threespots shown before two,shows the same return of interest when the number of spotschanges.Perhaps it is just the newness?When slightly older babies were shown cardswith pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number ofobjects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be thepattern that two things make,as opposed to three?No again.Babies paid more attentionto squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three,or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedlyshown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than whenthey heard just two;likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats andmoved to spots.60.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys.A.sense of hearing.B.sense of sight.C.sense of touch.D.sense of smell.are sensitive to the change in.A.the size of cards.B.the colour of pictures.C.the shape of patterns.D.the number of objects.did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.B.To see how babies recognize sounds.C.To carry their experiment further.D.To keep the babies interest.does this text probably come from?A.Science fiction.B.Childrens literature.C.An advertisement.science report.60.答案：B解析：细节题。第一段中 She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card andreplaces it by another,this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards changefrom one to the other,her gaze（；疑 视）starts to lose its focus-until a third,with threeblack spots,is presented.Her gaze returns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did atthe previous cad 婴儿仔细盯着白板上的两个黑点看。然后纸板交换，婴儿视觉开始不能聚焦核心，换成3个黑点时，婴儿又开始集中注视了。由此可知，该实验是研究婴儿的视觉。因此，正确答案为B61.答案：D解析：细节题。还是看第一段，As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third,with three black spots,is presented.Her gazereturns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.卡片改变时，直到出现3个黑点纸板时，婴儿又开始集中注视了。由此可知，婴儿对于有不同数目黑点的纸板比较敏感。因此，正确答案为D62.答案：carry their experiment further.解析：推理题。由关键词drumbeats定位文章第二段。The effect even crosses betweensenses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when theythen heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise（同样地）when theresearchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.测验效果在不同感官间交叉。与听到两声鼓声相比，当听到三声鼓声的时候婴儿看着两个点会变得更兴奋。由此可知，鼓声是一个背景，测试的还是婴儿听不同次数鼓声时对看到的纸板数字的反应。因此，正确答案为C63.答案：D解析：推测题。由文中第一段出现researcher,以及第二段中出现experiment,可以推测。该文是一篇科技报道。因此，正确答案为DCIt happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed readingBarack Obamas Dreams From M y Fatherand how it had changed my views of ourPresident.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was,in his words,“a brilliantly（精彩地）written book.However,he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a waywhich suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to abook liar.And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds ofpeople have lied about reading a book which they havent.In the World Book Days“Report on Guilty Secrets”,Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists tenbooks,and various authors,which people have lied about reading,and as Im not one tolie