大学综合英语期末复习资料.pdf
大学综合英语期末复习学校：昆明理工大学你心上大学综合英语考试考试时间：2013年6月21日下午13:30 16:00综合部分：(总分100分；课内占55%,课外占45%)：Part I Writing 15%以综合教材中某个单元的主题为话题写一篇作文Part I I Reading Comprehension 40%(4篇文章，每篇5 题选择，每题2 分)其中两篇来自课外，一篇选自综合教材 Practice Text I(Units 1-4)或者 Practice TextII(Units 5-8),还有一篇选自蓝鸽平台Part I I I Vocabulary 25%（25题选择，主要由由平台以及综合教程上的选词填空改编）Part IV Cloze 10%（20题选择，由背诵课文Text B改编）Part V Translation 10%（5题半句翻译，由课后翻译练习改编）视听说部分：（总分：100分；课内占55%,课外占45%）1.Short Conversations:10 题，每题 2 分，共 20 分；课外2.Long Conversations:2 篇，10 题，每题 2.5 分，共 25 分；课内3.Passages:3篇15题，每 题3分，共45分；课内&课外4.Dictation：1篇，10个空，每 空1分；课 外（A班及卓越班选自V0A）大学综合英语阅读理解学校：昆明理工大学你心上(以下四篇为重点，必考一篇，由于时间关系，我整理的阅读理解的答案，请大家记住答案，不要记住选项，出题老师会打乱顺序。)Practice Text I(Units 1 -4)Passage oneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.When I was 15,I announced to my English class that I was going to write.The whole classnearly fell out of their chairs laughing.Dont be silly.Only geniuses can become writers,One classmate said to me.I was so humiliated I burst into tears.That night I wrote a sad poem about broken dreams andmailed it to a local newspaper.To my astonishment they published it,and sent me two dollars.Ishowed the poem to my follow students.Again they laughed.Just plain dumb luck,they said.Id tasted success.That was more than any of them had done,and if it was just dumb luck,that was fine with me.During the next two years I sold dozens of poems,letters,jokes,etc.By the time I graduatedfrom high school,I had published quite a lot,but I never mentioned my writing to my friends again.They were dream killers.But sometimes you do find a friend who supports your dreams.uIts easy to write a book/thatnew friend told me.You can do it.I had four children at the time,and the oldest was only four.We lived on a goat farm inOklahoma,miles from anyone.All I had to do each day was take care of four kids,milk goats,anddo the cooking,laundry and gardening.While the children napped,I typed on my ancient typewriter.I wrote what I felt.It took ninemonths,just like a baby.I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty diaper box,the only box Icould find,The letter I enclosed read:I wrote this book myself,I hope you like it.*A month later I received a contract and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller,I appeared on TV talk shows.I traveled from New York toCalifornia and Canada on promotional tours.My first book also became required reading inschools in Canada.People ask what college I attended,what degrees I have,and what qualifications I have to bea writer.The answer is none.I just write.Tm not a genius,and Fm not gifted.十五岁的时候，我对班上同学宣布说准备写书。一半的学生开始窃笑，其余的则几乎从椅子上笑得跌到地上。“别傻了，只有天才才能成为作家，”一个同学对我说。我羞愧得大哭起来。那天晚上，我写了一首关于梦想破灭的伤心短诗，并将它寄给了当地的报社。出乎意料的是，他们发表了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。我是作家了，我的作品发表了并因此而得到了报酬。我拿给老师和同学看，他们再一次的嘲笑我。“瞎猫逮着死耗子，”我的第一篇作品就卖出去了。这比他们任何人做的都强，如果这是瞎猫逮着死耗子，那么我不在乎。在接下来的两年里，我卖掉了几十首诗歌、书信、笑话和食谱。中学毕业时，我的剪贴簿里已经贴满了我发表的作品。我再也没有将自己的写作情况告诉朋友。他们都是无情的摧梦者。但是有时也有朋友会支持你的梦想，“写作对你来说是简单的，”一个新的朋友告诉我,“你能做到的现时我有四个孩子，最大的只有四岁。孩子们进入梦乡时、我就在那台老掉牙的打字机前打字，我写下自己的感受，这花了我九个月的时间，就像十月怀胎。我随意选择了-家出版社，将手稿用空的尿布盒子包起来。在附信中我写道：“这本书是我自己写的，希望你喜欢。一个月后，我收到一份合同、一份预付款，以及另一本书的约稿。我 的 书 哭泣的风成了最畅销的书。白天我出现在电视上的访谈节目中，晚上则回家换尿片。为了去领各种奖项，我从纽约来到加利福尼亚、加拿大。我的第一本书被列为加拿大本土美语学校的必读课程。人们问我曾上过什么大学，曾得过什么学位，曾获过什么资格证书才可以成为作家。答案是：“什么也不需要。”我只是写。我不是天才。57.The best title of this passage would be Never give up.58.The laughing of the whole class at the authors dream implied that they believed that shewas too simple and naive.59.The authordid not show her publications to her classmates again because she knew shecould not get any encouragement from them.6O.The authors determination on writing might come from the following EXCEPT herteachers praise.61.The authors story proves that perseverance is essential for ones success.Passage twoChris Peterson was teaching a class in psychology at Virginia Tech when he told his studentsto fill out a carefully designed test that determines a persons level of optimism andpessimism.The students also answered questions about their general health,including how oftenthey went to a doctor.Peterson followed the health of his student the following year and discovered that thepessimists had twice as many diseases and made twice as many trips to the doctor as the optimists.Later,Mattin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania and two of his colleagues,usinginterviews and blood tests,found that optimists have better immune（免疫的）activity thanpessimists.Why?One big factor is that Pessimistic individualsas Seligman writes,5get depressedmore easily and more often.When a person is depressed,certain brain hormones become reduced,creating a chain ofbiochemical events that end up slowing down the activity if the immune system.Optimists also look at information in more depth to find out what they can do about the riskfactors,In a study by Lisa Aspinwall,at the University of Maryland,subjects read health-relatedinformation on cancer and other topics.She discovered that optimists spent more time thanpessimists reading the sever risk material and they remembered more of it.“These are people,?,says Aspinwall,“who arent sitting around wishing things were differentThey believe in a better outcome,and that whatever measures they take will help them to heal.Inother words,instead of having their heads in the clouds,optimistic.Thus,for yet anotherreason,optimists are likely to be healthier.The best news is what research has shown repeatedly:Anyone can become more optimisticwith effort.And every effort you make to keep an optimistic attitude will reward you with astronger immune system.So youll enjoy better health.62.The purpose of these scientific studies is to discover to what degree ones health isrelated to ones attitude in life.63.Seligmans research suggests that optimism helps people become healthier.64.According to the scientists,the reduction of immune activity is basically caused by onesdepressed feeling.65.It can be inferred from the passage that we can tell who is a pessimist by observing hisreading behavior.66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?Pessimists have no hope of making a change in their attitude.Practice Text II(Units 5-8)Passage oneMy observation is that many instructors,from elementary school through undergraduatecollege courses,have a standard,conventional,only”one right way approach to the material.Astudent who does it differently from the instructor is labeled wrong.I believe that such anapproach is often the result of the limited intellectual ability of the instructor,who only knows onereliable technique.As a simple example of rigidity(僵化)，when I was a pupil in elementary school,thetextbook and instructor taught that the definition of a noun was“the name of a person,place,orthing.But I had read my mothers old college grammar book,which said that a noun was thename of anything.I liked the latter definition better,because it was logically simpler:any name isa noun.But I was marked wrong for not using the official definition,although the definition I gaveon the examination was equivalent.Students who are both intelligent and highly creative often make average grades in school,because these creative students see issues and vagueness in examination problems that theinstructor did not intend.Creative students misread the question*,according to the view of theconventional instructor.This problem is particularly severe on multiple choice examinationswhere a creative student can quickly find situations in which either all or none of the answers arecorrect,whereas a noncreative student who knows the material in a conventional way simplyselects the best answer and gets marked correct.Children seem to have an innate sense of curiosity,enthusiasm,and imagination.Matureadults generally lack these qualities.Where did these qualities get lost?I believe that teachers andindustrial managers beat these qualities out of people,in order to make them easier to control andmanage.In my experience,both as a student and professor,organized education-as a bureaucracy（官僚机构）-actively discourages creativity.I believe that creativity can be taught and encouragedin a master-apprentice setting,such as a student working in a research laboratory.57.According to the author,what is the problem with school education?AThe techniques used in teaching are out of date.IBJTeachers are trying to teach their students in their own way.CStudents are encouraged to solve a problem in a fixed way.DSchools do not provide students with proper learning materials.58.The author points out that the problem is caused by the following E X C E P T.Alteachers1 poor qualitiesBlthe lower academic levels of schoolsCteachers lack of instructive skillsDthe lack of learning materials3.By taking his/her early experience in education as an example,the author intends to.Aillustrate how teachers are too rigidBremind us of the importance of early educationCcriticize the unqualified teachers in his elementary schoolDappeal for a comprehensive reform in higher education4.Creative students are more likely to make mistakes in examinations because_.Athey misread the questions in the examinationsBthey find that some problems in the examinations are not clearCJthey tend to understand a question in a vague wayDthey donrt like to take direct approaches to examination problems5.In order to keep children curious and creative,the author s u g g e s t s.Ainstructors make an effort to give clear instructionsBschools provide students with interesting materialsCstudents be trained in a master-apprentice relationshipDteachers change their instructive approachesPassage twoYour moral values are your beliefs about what is important in life.Some values refer to howone should act(be honest,unselfish,self-disciplined)while other values refer to what one wants toaccomplish or obtain in life(a lot of money,fame,a family,friendships,world peace).Because aperson cannot have it all*or be all things,*priorities must be set and choices made.Setting yourpriorities often leads to value conflicts.You may want to be successful in your career,but you mayalso want a more relaxing lifestyle and more time to spend with friends and family.Here,thevalue of success may come into conflict with the value of family.Some examples of moral valuesare:integrity,respect,caring,justice and openness.There are many,many moral values;thus,these represent only a very few.To understand and solve a moral dilemma,you must figure out which values are involved inthe conflict,prioritize them,and act upon the primary value.The act must be grounded in a moralrule.What is a moral rule?A moral rule is very specific;it is action guiding.It tells you what to doin a specific situation.Moral rules are quite specific about what should be done.Values are generalbeliefs or attitudes about something we desire or like.Our values very often underlie our moralrules.If my moral rule is always be honest,1 then my value is honesty.Values only expresswhat it is that we believe has value.Being a moral person requires our knowing how to make good moral decisions by usingethical standards and critical thinking.Sometimes we must choose between what we want to beand what we want or desire.Very often what we have the right to do is not identical with what theright thing to do is.There is not one single decision making procedure which works.62.According to the passage,life is full of value conflicts b e c a u s e.Awe find it hard to make a choice between different thingsBJthere are too many things we dont know how to obtainCJmoney,fame,family and friendship are all valuable for usfDpeople have different standards of values63.The author describes moral values as.AJthe way one behavesBthe purpose of lifeCthe belief one has about what is valuable in lifelDthe things one has to choose in life64.When solving a moral problem,the author s u g g e s t s.Awe take moral value as the ruleBJwe consider our choices in accordance with our social valuesCwe take into account both values and value rulesDwe base our decision on a moral rule65.In the third paragraph,the author intends to.Aemphasize the importance of values in our everyday lifeBexplain the difference between values and moral rulesCdefine the role of moral rules when we make a choiceDJdescribe what is a moral rule in detail66.We can infer from the last paragraph that_.Amaking a moral decision is a complex processBJour desires are the causes of moral conflictsCmoral values are the basic standards of decisionsDmaking good moral decisions requires critical thinking（鉴于上个学期的期末考试中，考了蓝鸽平台的阅读理解“H y p n o t i s m催眠术”，我整理下本学期蓝鸽平台上的阅读理解，附上标准答案和翻译，由于时间关系，我并没有逐篇翻译。请大家好好复习。）Passage 1American society is not friendly to nap.In fact,says David Dinges,a sleep specialist at theUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,Theres even a prohibition against admitting weneed sleep.Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb:Some sleep five hours,nature requires seven,laziness nine and wickedness eleven.Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.We have tototally change our attitude toward napping,*says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University,thegodfather of sleep research.Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an American sleep debt1 whichone member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about thedangers of sleepiness:people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This maybe why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports,PresidentClinton is trying to take a half-hour nap every afternoon.About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have amid afternoon quiet phase,also called a secondary sleep gate.Sleeping 15 minutes to two hoursin the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly,we were born to nap.We dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rathen we snack onsleep,whenever,wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses,cars,planes and on boats;in floors and beds;and in libraries,offices and museums.【短文大意】本篇为说明文。美国人对午睡一向不屑一顾，甚至认为那是懒惰大逆不道的表现。然而事实使他们改变了看法，午睡不仅仅是一种习惯，它能够消除紧张，恢复精力，所以美国人意识到了睡眠欠帐带来的诸多问题。1.It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is.|A unreasonableBlcriminalCJharmfulD costly【答案与详解】A。该题为细节判断题。根据第一段第一句，uAmerican society is not napfriendly”，此处的not nap friendly意 为“不接受午睡，不支持午睡”。选 项 B“犯法的，犯罪的”；选项C“有害的”；选项D“昂贵的，代价高的”，均与上述表达不符。选项 A“没道理的，讲不通”，所以选A。2.The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans_.Adon*t like to take napsBlare terribly worried about their national debtCsleep less than is good for themIDJhave caused many industrial and traffic accidents【答案与详解】C o 该题为细节判断题。根据第三段第一句，“Last year a nationalcommission led by Dement identified an“American sleep debt which one member saidwas as important as the national debt.”，该委员会发现睡眠欠帐问题，美国人睡眠普遍比身体所需少。表达了上述含义，所以选C。3.The purpose of this article is to.Awarn us of the wick
