全国职称英语考试真题及答案综合类.pdf

2 0 1 1年全国职称英语考试真题及答案综合类(A级)第1部分：词汇选项(第1 15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1.For some obscure reason,the simple game is becoming very popular.A.unclear B.obvious C.major D.minor答案：A unclear-obscure2.The sea turtles natural habit at has been considerably reduced.A greatly B suddenly C generally D slightly答案选择 A(greatly)-considerably3.I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A instructing B notifying C pushing D inviting答案：C(push)-urge4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raise B pose C experience D handle答案：D handleapproach5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest。A ignored B organized C caused D received答案：C caused-provoke:6.Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours.A spend B take C last D stand答 案:D stand=tolerate7.At 80,Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energetic Happy C alone D busy答案：A energetic-vigorous8.Forester stared at his car,trembling with rage.A shaking B turning C jumping Shouting答案：A shake-tremble9.A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reported B proved Praised D caught答案：Praised-hail:10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A anxious B sure C sad D afraid答案：D afraid-scared11.At that time,we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A give B attach C lose D understand答案：D understand-grasp12.Anderson left the table,remarking that he had some work to do.A doubting B saying C thinking D knowing答案：B saying-remarking13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintained B recommended C considered D acknowledged答案：D(maintain)-assert14.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students takingscience courses.A relative B general C continuous D sharp答案：D(continuous)-steady15.She always finds fault with everything,A criticizes B simplifies C evaluates D examines答 案:A criticizes-finds fault with第2部分：阅读判断（第16 2 2题，每 题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题标上把C涂黑。The Forbidden AppleNew York used to be the city that never sleeps.Theses days,ifs the city that neversmokes,drinks or does anything naughty（at least,not in public）.The Big Apple is quicklyturning into the Forbidden Apple.If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park,could you have one?Nochance.Drinking alcohol in public isnt allowed.If you decided to feed the birds with the lastcrumbs（碎屑）of your sandwich.,You could be arrested.Ifs illegal if you went to a bar for adrink and a cigarette,that would be OK,wouldnt it?Er.no.You cant smoke in public in NewYork City.Whafs going on?Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this?Themayor of New York is behind it all.He ahs brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizensfrom doing what they want,when they want.The press are shocked.Even the New York police have joined the argument.Theyrecently spent$100,000 on a“Dont blame the cop”campaign.One New York police officersaid,We raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws.Ifs all about money.vThe result is a lot of fines for minor offences.Yoav Kashida,an Israel tourist,fell asleepon the subway.When he woke up,two police officers fined him because he had fallen asleepon two seats（you mustnt use two seats in the subway）.Elle and Serge Schroitman werefined for blocking a driveway with their car.It was their own driveway.The angry editor of vanity Fair magazine,Graydon Carter,says,MUnder New York City lawit is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work,but not an empty ashtray/*He shouldknow.The police came to his office and took away his ashtray（烟灰缸）。But not all of the New Yorks inhabitants are complaining.Marcia Dugatty,72,said,Thecity has changed for the better.If more cities had these laws,America would be a better placeto live/1 Nixon Patricks,38,a barman,said,Hl like the new laws,if people smoked in here,wed go home smelling of cigarettes.MRecent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193other US cities.And ifs true-ifs safe,cleaner and more healthy than before.But lefs behonest-who goes to New York for its clean streets?16.Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17.It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18.Eating apples in the park is illegal.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19.The businessmen like the new laws.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20.Elle and Serge Schoronitman parked their car on the public driveway.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21.The editor of Vanity Fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22.New York is cleaner and safer than before.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned答案解析：16.Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.答案为A。17.It*s now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.答案为B o18.Eating apples in the park is illegal.答案为B。该题属于推断题。19.The businessman like the new laws.答案为C。20.Elle and Serge Schroitman parked their car on the public driveway.答案为B o21.The editor of vanity fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.答案为A,该题属于推断题。22.New York is cleaner and safer than before.答案为A.第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题;（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Are You a Successful Leader?1.Almost nothing we do in this word is done in isolation.At work or at play,youll findyourself in groups,working with other people:your team at work,a meeting with colleagues,your family,a holiday with friends,a group of students working together,a day out walkingin the mountains,a group of neighbors wanting to make changes.It is now recognized thatbeing able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.Partlybecause we need to do it so often.2.In almost every situation where youre in a group,you will need a skilled leader.Allgroups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.Groups without leaders orwith weak leaders almost always break down.Members of a leaderless group often begin tofeel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved.There areoften arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear.Some personalities dominate and other disappears.Often group members begin not to cometo meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.3.Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chef,Antonio Carlucci says,Trueleaders a re born and you can spot them in kitchens.Theyre people who combine toughness,fairness and humour.Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-bornleaders,most people now recognize that leadership can also be taught.Our professional andexperienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.Good leaders dontmake people do things in a bossy,controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone,encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.4.Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities whichare necessary to be a good leader.Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome yourown fears about being a leader.Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.Theyneed to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure.Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensitive,sociable and beable to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability toinfluence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.A.A good leader needs a variety of qualities.B.These techniques are used to train leaders.C.Training can make good leaders.D.Most of good leader are natural-born.E.Ifs important to have a good leader.F.People are in groups.23.Paragraph 1.24.Paragraph 2.25.Paragraph 3.26.Paragraph 4.27.One of the major keys to success is.28.Groups often break down because o f_.29.Good leaders always avoid_.30.Self-confidence is the key to _.A.the ability to work with others.B.encouraging group membersC.lack of good leadersD.bossing people aroundE.working out good strategiesF.overcoming fears about being a leader答案解析：23.paragraph 1答案为 F:People are in groups.24.paragraph 2答案为 Eo It is important to have a good leader.25.paragraph 3答案为 C：Training can make a good leader26.paragraph 4答案为 A：A good leader needs a variety of qualities27.One of the major keys to success is_.答案为 Ao the ability to work with others.28.Groups often break down because of_.答案为 C：lack of good leaders.29.Good leaders always avoid_答案为D：bossing people around（把人指挥得团团转）30.Self-confidence is the key to _.答案为 F：overcoming fears about being a leader.第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每 题3分，共4 5分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 The Smell of MoneyFor many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money bypumping the smell of freshly-baked bread into their stories.Now Dale Air,a leading firm ofaroma（香气）consultants,has been approached by Barclays Bank to develop suitableartificial smells for their banks.Researchers have suggested that surrounding customers withthe*smell if money“will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them addedconfidence in the banks security and professionalism.But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks,air conditioningsystems.It must be identified and chemically analyzed,and this has proved to be difficult.The problem is that banknotes-and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings.Socash that has been sitting in a cash register at a fishmongers（鱼贩）will smell of fish,andbanknotes used to pay for meals in restaurants will tend to smell of food.It may be a challenge,but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smellscan be an effective form of subconscious advertising.Lunn Poly,a British travel company,introduced the smell of coconuts（椰子）into its travel agencies and saw a big increase inspending by holiday makers.Many cafes now have electric dispensers（自动售货机）thatrelease the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances,subtly encouragingcustomers to come in and have a drink or snack.Even prestigious car maker Rolls-Royce hasbeen spraying the inside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leather seats.“The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses/1explains researcher Jim ORordan.*There is a direct pathway from the olfactory（嗅觉的）organs in the nose to the brain.It is certainly true that most people find certain smellsincredibly strong,stringing memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants（刺激物）can rival.It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized,but untilrecently have been unable to harness.Weve made great progress but the technology ofodour production is still in its infancy/*says ORiordan,“Who knows where it will take us.”31.Artificial smells have NOT been used inA cafesB banksC travel agenciesD supermarkets32.Researchers believe that introducing the“smell of money*into banks will encouragepeopleA to spend moneyB to feel confident about banksC to earn more moneyD to withdraw money from banks33.The difficulty of producing the usmell of money lies in thatA peoples attitudes toward money are differentB ifs hard to identify and analyze itC no technology can do itD experts have no motive34.The word harness*1 in the last paragraph is closest in meaning toA seeB studyC controlD understand35.Researchers thinkA artificial smells help to improve peoples memoryB the technology to produce artificial smells is in the early stageC artificial smells are harmfulD the production of artificial smells is profitably第二篇 Spoilt for Choice（A 级）Choice,we are given to1 believe,is a right.In daily life,people have come to expectendless situations about which they are required to make decisions one way or another.Inthe main2,these are just irksome moments at work which demand some extra energy orbrainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to order or indeedwhich coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to another canhave serious or lifelong repercussions.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like.waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee2.But for a goodmany4 people in the world,in rich and poor countries,choice is a luxury,not a right.And forthose who think they are exercising their right to make choices,the whole system is merelyan illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares5.The main impact of endless choice in peoples lives is anxiety.Buying something as basicas a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods inducesa sense of powerlessness,even paralysis,in many people,ending in the shopper giving upand walking away6,or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order tosolve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in the United Kingdom have shownthat a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not really needed.Theadvertisers and the shareholders of the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versionsof products come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items arealmost ready by the time that goods hit the shelves?.Products also need to have a shortlifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time.The classicexample is computers which are almost obsolete once they are bought.At first,there wereonly one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there are manycompanies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease.intoa shop and buy one things；no choice,no anxiety.The plethora of choice is not limited to consumer items.With the greater mobility ofpeople around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work a fairly recent phenomenon.In the past,nations migrated across huge swathes of the earthin search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environments.Whole nations crossedcontinents and changed the face of history,So the mobility of people is nothing new.Thecreation of nation states and borders9 effectively slowed this process down.36.Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions becauseA the decisions may have serious impact on their livesB only professionals have the right to do thatC they have sufficient money to payD they have emotional problems37.When people cannot easily decide what to buy,w