2021年中考英语真题分项汇编-15-完形填空--考点2-生活哲理类-专题.docx

2021年中考真题英语分项汇编A（2021·湖南郴州市·中考真题）One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students they would have a test right away. Then the professor 1 the exam papers. But the students were confused (迷惑的)because there was nothing but just a black dot (点) in the center of the 2 .The professor noticed their facial expressions and told them. “I want you to write about what you see there.”Although still confused, the students started writing. At the end of the class, the professor took all the answer sheets(答题纸) and started 3 the answers in front of the students. All of them 4 the black dot and tried to explain its position and something like that. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was 5 . The 6 began to explain, “Dont worry. I am not going to give you grades for this. I just want you to think about something. Here 7 focused on the black dot instead of the white paper. It is the same as what we do in our lives. The white paper is just like our whole life and the black dot is the problems we face every day. We just care too much about things like a lack of(缺乏) money or beautiful clothes, but we 8 see that these problems are very small compared to our whole life. We should remember that there are more 9 things in life.”We all live only once. 10 we should focus attention on the truly valuable things.1Agave outBgave upCgave away2AclothBpaperCpicture3AwritingBpracticingCreading4AdescribedBdependedCdeveloped5AsilentBactiveCproud6AstudentsBprofessorCteachers7AsomebodyBnobodyCeverybody8AalwaysBneverCoften9AvaluableBordinaryCcomfortable10AOrBButCSo【答案】1A2B3C4A5A6B7C8B9A10C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了教授让学生根据一张白纸上的一个黑点来表述自己看到的东西，结果所有的学生都只关注到黑点，而忽视了白色的部分。通过这次测试，教授告诉学生们，黑点只是生活中小小的一部分，不要过多的关注它，而应该多看看生活中的白色的部分，这样生活才会变的更美好。1句意：然后教授分发试卷。gave out分发；gave up放弃；gave away赠送。承接前句“One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students they would have a test right away.“可知，应是分发试卷。故选A。2句意：但是学生们很迷惑，因为在试卷只是中心有一个黑点。cloth布；paper试卷；picture图画。根据前句“Then the professorthe exam papers.”可知，应是在试卷的中心只有一个黑点。故选B。3句意：下课时，教授拿了所有的答题纸，在学生们面前开始读答案。writing写；practicing练习；reading读。根据后句“ After the professor finished reading.”可推知，应是开始读答案。故选C。4句意：他们都描述了黑点，试图解释它的位置和类似的东西。described描述；depended依靠；developed发展。根据后句“and tried to explain its position and something like that.”可知，应是描述黑点。故选A。5句意：教授读完后，全班都静了下来。silent寂静的；active活跃的；proud自豪的。根据下文“Thebegan to explain, “Dont worry. I am not going to give you grades for this. I just want you to think about something.”语境可推知，应是教授读完后，全班都静了下来。故选A。6句意：教授开始解释说：“别担心。我不打算为这个给你们分数。我只是想让你们想想”。students学生；professor教授；teachers老师。承接前句“After the professor finished reading, the whole class was.”可知，应是教授开始解释这样做的原因。故选B。7句意：这里每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上而不是白纸上。somebody某人；nobody没有人；everybody人人、每个人。根据“ All of them . the black dot and tried to explain its position and something like that. ”可知每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上而不是白纸上。故选C。8句意：我们只是太在乎缺钱或漂亮衣服之类的事情，但我们从来没有发现这些问题与我们的整个生活相比是非常小的。always总是；never从来没有；often经常。根据前句“We just care too much about things like a lack of(缺乏) money or beautiful clothes,”和but的提示可知，应是从来没有发现这些问题与我们的整个生活相比是非常小的。故选B。9句意：我们应当记住生命中有更多有价值的东西。valuable有价值的；ordinary普通的；comfortable舒服的。根据下文“We all live only once.we should focus attention on the truly valuable things.”可知，应是应当记住生命中有更多有价值的东西。故选A。10句意：因此我们应该把注意力集中在真正有价值的东西上。Or或者；But但是；So所以、因此。分析空前后句句意可知，空处的词应用so，因此，引出结果。故选C。B（2021·辽宁中考真题）A 6-year-old girl had been shopping with her mom in the supermarket. It was raining hard at the moment. We all stood 11 the door of the supermarket and waited quietly. The girls sweet 12 broke the silence, “Mom, lets run through the rain,” she said. “No, honey. Well wait 13 it slows down a bit,” Mom replied. The girl waited about another minute and repeated, “Mom, lets run through the rain.” “Well get wet if we do,” Mom said. “No, we wont, Mom. Thats not what you said this morning,” the young girl said. “This morning? When did I say we 14 run through the rain and not get wet?” “When you 15 with daddy about his illness in the hospital, you said, if we can get through this, we can get through anything!” We all stood silently. 16 left in the next few minutes. Mom thought for a moment about what she would say. “Honey, you are 17 . Lets run through the rain. If we get wet, maybe we just need washing,” Mom said. Then they ran 18 to the street. We all stood and watched 19 run past the cars. Although they held their shopping bags over their heads, they 20 got wet. Then they were followed by a few who screamed（尖叫）and laughed like children all the way to their cars.11AinsideBagainstCoppositeDtowards12AsmellBvoiceCdreamDsmile13AifBuntilCafterDthough14AmustBwouldCcouldDshould15AcomparedBtalkedCcompetedDfought16ANobodyBAnybodyCSomebodyDEverybody17ArightBkindCcarefulDpatient18AsadlyBsuddenlyChappilyDnervously19AitBherChimDthem20AonlyBalsoCevenDstill【答案】11A12B13B14C15B16A17A18C19D20D【分析】作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在躲雨的过程中所发生的。女孩相信了母亲鼓励患癌症的父亲的话，要求在雨中奔跑，而母亲为了保住女儿的童心同意了的故事，告诉我们要抓住生活中的多种机会教育自己的子女。11句意：我们都站在超市门口，静静地等着。inside在里面；against靠；opposite在对面；towards接近。根据“It was raining hard at the moment.”可知，外面下大雨，应该是在超市的门里面，故选A。12句意：女孩甜美的声音打破了沉默，“妈妈，我们在雨里跑吧，”她说。smell气味；voice嗓音；dream梦想；smile微笑。根据“Mom, lets run through the rain”可知，是小女孩的嗓音，故选B。13句意：“不，亲爱的。我们等雨小一点再走，”母亲回答说。if如果；until直到；after在之后；though虽然。根据“Well waitit slows down a bit”可知，应该是我们得等，直到雨变小点，故选B。14句意：我什么时候说过我们淋雨不会湿啊？must必须；would将；could能，可能；should应该。根据“Thats not what you said this morning”和“When did I say werun through the rain and not get wet?”可知，应该是我什么时候说过我们可以在雨中奔跑而不被淋湿，故选C。15句意：你在医院和爸爸谈他的病的时候，你说，如果我们能熬过这一关，我们就什么都能熬过去！compared比较；talked谈论；competed完成；fought斗争。根据“When youwith daddy about his illness in the hospital”可知，是在医院讨论我爸爸的病时，talk about讨论，故选B。16句意：接下来几分钟没人离开。Nobody没有人；Anybody任何人；Somebody某人；Everybody每个人。根据“We all stood silently.”可知，我们都默默地站着，应该是没有人离开，故选A。17句意：亲爱的，你说得对。right正确的；kind善良的；careful仔细的；patient耐心的。根据“Lets run through the rain.”可知，让我们在雨中奔跑吧，可知妈妈肯定了女儿的建议，即你是对的，故选A。18句意：然后他们高兴地跑到街上。sadly悲伤地；suddenly突然；happily开心地；nervously紧张地。根据“Then they were followed by a few who screamed（尖叫）and laughed like children all the way to their cars.”可知，是很开心的，故选C。19句意：我们都站在那里，看着他们跑过汽车。it它；her她；him他；them他们。根据前句“Then they ranto the street.”可知，是看着他们，故选D。20句意：虽然他们把购物袋举过头顶，但还是湿透了。only只；also也；even甚至；still仍然。根据“Although they held their shopping bags over their heads, theygot wet.”可知，虽然他们把购物袋举过头顶，但仍然淋湿了，故选D。C（2021·广西玉林市·中考真题）A teacher decided to let her class play a game. The teacher told each child in the class to bring along a plastic bag with a few potatoes. The teacher said, “Each potato 21 a name of a person that you hate. So the number of potatoes that you will put in the plastic bag will depend on the number of people you hate. The more people you hate, the more potatoes you will carry.”When the day came, every child 22 some potatoes with the names of the people he or she hated. Some had two potatoes and some 23 while some up to six potatoes. The teacher then told the children to carry the potatoes in the plastic bag with them 24 they go for one week.As days passed, and the children started to complain（抱怨）because of the 25 smell let by the rotten（腐烂的）potatoes. Besides, those having six potatoes also had to carry 26 bags. After one week, the game was 27 over. The teacher asked, “How did you feel while carrying the potatoes with you for one week?” The children started complaining of the trouble 28 they had to go through carrying the heavy and smelly potatoes here and there.Then the teacher told 29 the hidden meaning behind the game. The teacher said, “This is exactly the situation when you carry your hatred（仇恨）for somebody inside your heart. The hatred will 30 your heart. If you cannot stand the smell of the rotten potatoes for one week, can you imagine what it is like to have the hatred in your heart for your lifetime?”21Awill be givenBwill giveCwont giveDwont be given22AboughtBbroughtCplantedDsold23AoneBfourCsevenDeight24AwhoeverBhoweverCwhereverDwhenever25ApleasedBpleasingCpleasantDunpleasant26AheavyBheavierClightDlighter27AcarefullyBhardlyCfinallyDsuddenly28AthatBwhatCwhenDwhether29AusBhimCherDthem30Abe good toBbe helpful toCbe harmful toDbe important to【答案】21A22B23B24C25D26B27C28A29D30C【分析】文章通过老师让学生把土豆当作自己讨厌的人，讨厌几个人就带几个土豆，让学生把这些土豆随身携带一周，让学生感受这些土豆带来的麻烦，从而告诉学生：心中不要有仇恨，它会伤害他们的心灵。21句意：每个土豆都会被赋予一个你讨厌的人的名字。will be given将被给；will give将给；wont give将不给；wont be given将不会被给；句子主语与动词give之间是被动关系，且描述的动作还没有发生，应用一般将来时的被动，结合句意及后文的描述，此处指的是将被给，故选A。22句意：到了那一天，每个孩子都带了一些土豆，上面写着他或她讨厌的人的名字。bought买；brought带来；planted种植；sold卖；根据“The teacher told each child in the class to bring along a plastic bag with a few potatoes.”可知，此处指的是带来了一些土豆，故选B。23句意：有的带了两个土豆，有的带了四个，有的带了六个土豆。one一；four四；seven七；eight八；根据“Some had two potatoes and some.while some up to six potatoes”可知，此处的数字应该是1-6之间的，故选B。24句意：然后老师让孩子们带着塑料袋里的土豆，不管他们去哪里，都要带一个星期。whoever无论谁；however无论怎样；wherever无论在哪；whenever无论何时；根据“the children to carry the potatoes in the plastic bag with them.they go”可知，无论他们去哪里都要带着土豆，故选C。25句意：几天过去了，孩子们开始抱怨，因为腐烂的土豆散发出难闻的气味。pleased高兴的；pleasing令人愉快的；pleasant令人愉快的；unpleasant使人不愉快的；根据“smell let by the rotten（腐烂的）potatoes”可知，腐烂的土豆的气味是让人难受的不愉快的，故选D。26句意：除此之外，那些有六个土豆的人还得背更重的袋子。heavy重的；heavier更重的；light轻的；lighter更轻的；根据句意可知，此处是与那些有两个或四个土豆的人的袋子做对比，应用比较级形式，六个土豆应该是更重的，故选B。27句意：一周后，游戏终于结束了。carefully仔细地；hardly几乎不；finally最终，终于；suddenly突然；根据“they go for one week.”以及“the children started to complain”可知，此处指的是游戏终于结束了，故选C。28句意：孩子们开始抱怨带着又重又臭的土豆太麻烦了。that那个，关系代词，指人或物，作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；when何时，关系副词；whether是否；句子是定语从句，先行词是trouble ，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用that引导，故选A。29句意：然后老师告诉他们游戏背后隐藏的意义。us我们；him他；her她；them他们；根据“The children started complaining of the trouble.”可知，此处指的是老师告诉学生们游戏背后的意义，指代复数名词应用them代替，故选D。30句意：仇恨会伤害你的心灵。be good to对好；be helpful to对有用；be harmful to对有害；be important to对很重要；根据常识可知，心存仇恨是不好的，此处表达的是对心灵有害，故选C。D（2021·江苏常州市·中考真题）“Simply avoid her.” Abby listened closely, as I continued, “If she says any more 31 things to you, Ill go to your teacher. Ill make sure you are never in a(n) 32 where you have to sit next to her again.”At that time, Allyson, my then eight-year-old, came to 33 us and listened to every word. Neither of my daughters interrupted (打断) as I finished my heartfelt speech, filled with 34 wisdom. Then, as I was telling them what I thought right, Allysons real words of 35 came about. “Mom,” she said, “I was just thinking. Maybe Abby should be that girls 36 so that she can bear (容忍) her. In that way, she can let that girl see forgiveness (谅解) and kindness through her.”Hmm, I became the 37 . At that moment, I realized that although I was wearing the “mothers hat”, the “hat” certainly didnt make me 38 all the time. In fact, I wanted to pull that hat over my face and hide myself so that they couldnt see my embarrassed (难为情的) look. “Yes, thats a good point,” I commented (评论), 39 a half smile at my girls. “Abby, you deal with this situation the way you think is right.” “OK,” she said, giving me a quick hug (拥抱) before walking out of the door and off to school. “Bye, Mom!” Allyson called, following her big sister to go out of the door. I was left alone-in my slippers (拖鞋). In those following 40 moments, I was lost in thought. I did feel 41 my two amazing daughters-small in size but big in heart. Sometimes our children have great lessons to teach us- 42 we are willing to listen. That lesson came more than ten years ago, and Ill never forget how much I have learned from my children.31AunusualBunsureCunknownDunpleasant32AactionBsituationCtraditionDinstruction33AadmireBsurpriseCjoinDbelieve34AmotherlyBfriendlyClivelyDlonely35AcourageBangerCwisdomDhumor36ApupilBvictimCfriendDenemy37AstudentBpersonCguideDguest38AhappyBrightCluckyDkind39AforcingBpromisingCexploringDimagining40AstrangeBdifficultCtiringDquiet41Aworried aboutBproud ofCinterested inDready for42AunlessBalthoughCifDuntil【答案】31D32B33C34A35C36C37A38B39A40D41B42C【分析】作者的女儿在学校里遇到同学不友善的对待，作者很生气，而小女儿的一番话让作者受教颇深，她意识到父母与孩子之间可教学相长，孩子也能成为父母的老师。31句意：如果她再对你说不愉快的话，我就去找你的老师。unusual不寻常的；unsure不确定的；unknown不知名的；unpleasant不愉快的。根据“Simply avoid her”可知，要避开她，所以是发生了不愉快，故选D。32句意：我保证你以后再也不用坐在她旁边了。action行动；situation情况；tradition传统；instruction指导。根据“Ill make sure you are never in a(n)where you have to sit next to her again.”可知，母亲表示要去找老师，让女儿不会面对同样的情况，故选B。33句意：那时，我八岁的女儿Allyson也加入了我们的行列，听着我们说的每一个字。admire钦佩；surprise惊讶；join参加；believe相信。根据“At that time, Allyson, my then eight-year-old, came tous”可知，小女儿Allyson也加入了我们，join sb加入某人，故选C。34句意：当我结束充满母亲智慧的衷心演讲时，我的两个女儿都没有打断我。motherly慈母般的；friendly友好的；lively活泼的；lonely孤独的。根据“Neither of my daughters interrupted (打断) as I finished my heartfelt speech”可知，是母亲发表自己的看法，所以是慈母般的演讲，故选A。35句意：就在我告诉她们我认为正确的事情时， Allyson真正的至理名言出现了。courage勇气；anger生气；wisdom智慧；humor幽默。根据前文“filled withwisdom”可知，此处也表示“智慧”，是小女儿的智慧，故选C。36句意：也许Abby应该做那个女孩的朋友这样她就能忍受她了。pupil学生；victim受害人；friend朋友；enemy敌人。根据“so that she can bear (容忍) her. In that way, she can let that girl see forgiveness (谅解) and kindness through her.”可知，可以忍受和谅解，所以是朋友，故选C。37句意：嗯，我成了学生。student学生；person人；guide导游；guest客人。根据“Sometimes our children have great lessons to teach us”可知，有时孩子是父母的老师，所以此刻作者是学生，故选A。38句意：那一刻，我意识到，虽然我戴着“妈妈的帽子”，但“帽子”当然不能让我一直正确。happy开心的；right正确的；lucky幸运的；kind善良的。根据前文“Then, as I was telling them what I thought right”可知，有时作者也不都是对的，故选B。39句意：“是的，说得好，”我说，勉强对我的女儿们露出一丝微笑。forcing强迫；promising承诺；exploring探索；imagining想象。根据“In fact, I wanted to pull that hat over my face and hide myself so that they couldnt see my embarrassed (难为情的) look.”可知，作者不希望女儿们看到自己难为情的表情，所以是硬挤出微笑，故选A。40句意：在接下来的安静时刻，我陷入了沉思。strange奇怪的，陌生的；difficult困难的；tiring累人的；quiet安静的。前文两个孩子跟母亲告别了，根据“I was lost in thought”可知，作者在安静中陷入了沉思，故选D。41句意：我确实为我的两个了不起的女儿感到骄傲她们身材矮小，但胸怀宽广。worried about担心；proud of骄傲；interested in感兴趣；ready for乐意。根据“my two amazing daughters-small in size but big in heart”可知，作者的两个女儿很了不起，心胸宽阔，所以作者很骄傲，故选B。42句意：有时候，如果我们愿意倾听的话，孩子们会给我们上很好的一课。unless除非；although虽然；if如果；until直到。“we are willing to listen”是“Sometimes our children have great lessons to teach us”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。E（2021·辽宁朝阳市·中考真题）On the first day of school, Socrates(苏格拉底) told his students, “Today, well only learn one thing. That is to swing(甩动) your 43 forward and backward.”He showed them and 44 a result all the students laughed. “Sir, is it also learned?” one of the students laughe