【课件】Unit+5Discovering+useful+structures+过去分词作状语及表语课件-人教版（2019）必修第二册.pptx

Unit 5 MusicUnit 5 MusicDiscovering Useful StructureDiscovering Useful StructurePartOnePastParticipleasthePredicative(过去分词用作过去分词用作表语表语)1.Shewasmovedbythemovingspeech.2.Sheseemssurprisedatthenews.3.Theylookedfrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.4.Thedoorisclosed.过去分词可置于过去分词可置于后作后作语，用来表示主语的性质、语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或特征或。其前的系动词包括。其前的系动词包括be动词、感官动词动词、感官动词get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等多种形式。等多种形式。观察下列句子所作成分并总结规律系动词系动词表表状态状态用法用法1.过去分词可放在连系动词过去分词可放在连系动词be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态状态,相当于一个相当于一个形容词。形容词。Tom wasastonishedtoseeasnakemovingacrossthefloor.汤汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。Finallythebabyfelttiredofplayingwiththosetoys.终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。amused(愉快的愉快的)；broken(碎了的碎了的)；closed(关闭的关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的有经验的);delighted(高兴的高兴的)；lost(丢失的丢失的)；gone(遗失的遗失的)；disappointed(失望的失望的)；worried(担忧的担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的感兴趣的)；tired(疲劳的疲劳的)；pleased(高兴的高兴的)；satisfied(满意的满意的)；surprised(吃惊的吃惊的);married(已婚的已婚的)；known(著名的著名的)等等等等常见的作表语的常见的作表语的V-ed有有:V-edV-ed作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；被动语态被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟by。Eg：Thelibraryisnowclosed(状态状态)图书馆现在关闭了。图书馆现在关闭了。Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday(动作动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。用法用法2.2.V-edV-ed作表语，构成的系表结构与作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态被动语态的区别的区别:有些过去分词（短语）源于有些过去分词（短语）源于系表结构系表结构，作状，作状语时语时不表动作而表状态不表动作而表状态。穿着穿着bedressedin沉浸在沉浸在belostin致力于致力于bedevotedto位于位于belocatedin专心于专心于beburiedinbecomparedwithbeseatedbepreparedforbedeterminedtodobetiredof厌烦厌烦beabsorbedinbeborninbeoccupiedin忙于忙于1._(absorb)indeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中因为沉浸在思考之中,所所以他没听到那个声音。以他没听到那个声音。2._inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)AbsorbedDressed用法用法3.V-ed与与V-ing作表语的区别：作表语的区别：Weare_(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis_(interest)tous.Michellesounded_(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded_(excite).过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作译作“感到感到的的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作作“令人令人的的”。interestedinterestingexcitedexciting过去分词做过去分词做 表语1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere(astonish)2.Iwas(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchildhadbeenfound.3.Shehada(worry)lookonherfacebecauseshefailedtheexam.4.Heseemed(interest)intheideaIputforward.5.ThemotherwenttovisitEinstein.(puzzle)astonishingastonishedworriedinterestedpuzzledPartTwoPastParticipleastheAdverbial(过去分词用作状语过去分词用作状语)过去分词作状语（修饰动词）时过去分词作状语（修饰动词）时,与主语之与主语之间存在着动宾关系。过去分词作状语可表时间存在着动宾关系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步等情况。间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步等情况。二、过去分词作状语二、过去分词作状语过过去去分分词词作作状状语语时时，过过去去分分词词表表示示被被动动完完成成的的动动作作，与与主主句句主主语语之之间间是是逻逻辑辑上上的的动动宾宾关关系系。(过过去去分分词词短短语语逻逻辑主语与主句主语必须保持一致辑主语与主句主语必须保持一致）Givenmoreattention,thetreecangrowbetter.如果多加注意，这棵树会长得更好如果多加注意，这棵树会长得更好。Guidedbytheseprinciples,theywentonwiththework.在这些方针的指导下，他们继续进行这项工作在这些方针的指导下，他们继续进行这项工作。Oncepublished,hisworksbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.1 1.时间时间状语状语 过去过去分词作状语，可以表示分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、时间、原因、条件、让步、方式方式或伴随情况等，相当于一个或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句状语从句。Onceitwaspublished,hisworkbecamefamousfortheabsenceofrhymeattheendofeachline.可转换为when,while或after等引导的状语从句。Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.2 2.原因原因状语状语Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousprofessor,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Givenadvicebythefamousprofessor,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.可转换为可转换为as,sinceas,since或或becausebecause等引导状语从句等引导状语从句3 3.作条件状语，可转换为作条件状语，可转换为if,onceif,once或或unlessunless等引导的状语从等引导的状语从句。句。Givenmoretime,wewilldobetter.Ifwearegivenmoretime,wewilldobetter.4.4.作让步状语，可转换为作让步状语，可转换为although,thoughalthough,though或或even ifeven if等引等引导的状语从句。导的状语从句。Evenifinvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.EvenifIaminvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.5.5.作方式或伴随状语，可转换为作方式或伴随状语，可转换为andand并列结构。并列结构。Theoldmanwalkedinthepark,supportedbyhiswife.Theoldmanwalkedintheparkandwassupportedbyhiswife.1.作时间状语，可转换为when,while或after等引导的状语从句。2.作条件状语，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的状语从句。3.作原因状语，可转换为as,since或because等引导状语从句5.作让步状语，可转换为although,though或evenif等引导的状语从句。4.作方式或伴随状语，则可转换为and并列结构。过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随等情况或伴随等情况,相当于一个状语从句。相当于一个状语从句。1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when,while,if,though,as if,unless,until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Eg.Unless constantly repeated,the English words are easily forgotten.When asked why she came here,the girl kept silent.2.有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动不表示被动而重在描述重在描述主语的状态主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost(迷失的迷失的),seated(坐坐),hidden(隐藏的隐藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉浸于沉浸于),dressedin(穿着穿着)等。Lost in thought,he didnt hear the bell.注意事项注意事项1.因为沉浸在思考之中因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。所以他没听到那个声音。2.在山中迷失一个月之后在山中迷失一个月之后,这两个学生最终被当地的警察救这两个学生最终被当地的警察救助。助。过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语作时间状语仅表完成状态，不表被动仅表完成状态，不表被动仅表完成状态，不表被动仅表完成状态，不表被动Lostinthemountainforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.1.Seeing from the hill,you will find the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系)2.Seen from the hill,the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语thecity之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)过去分词作状语过去分词作状语:现在分词作状语：现在分词作状语：Difference:现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。翻译句子。翻译句子。1._(受到他的演说鼓舞受到他的演说鼓舞)，alltheworkerswentallout.(inspire)2.Allthevillagersmoveddowntotheriverside,_(在政府的支持在政府的支持下下).(support)3._(不满意自不满意自己的成就己的成就),heworkedstillharder.(satisfy)4._(具备了基本技具备了基本技能能),hewenttothecitytofindabetterjob.(equip)InspiredbyhisspeechsupportedbythegovernmentNotsatisfiedwithhisachievementEquippedwiththebasicskillsP54Task2.Rewritethestoryusingpastparticipleastheadverbial.1.Henrywashighlyinterestedinmusicandbegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.=Highlyinterestedinmusic,Henrybegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.2.TheywerepleasedwithhismusicandsongsandfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.=Pleasedwithhismusicandsongs,theyfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.P54Task2.Rewritethestoryusingpastparticipleastheadverbial.3.Thoughhewasaffectedbygradualblindnsssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.=Thoughaffectedbygradualblindnsssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.4.Whenhegotabsorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.=Absorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.完成句子。完成句子。1._(frighten)bythenoiseoutside,Suedarednotsleepinherbedroom.2._(compare)withoursmallflat,Billshouseseemedlikeapalace.3._(face)withsuchadifficulttask,wemustredoubleourefforts.4._(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.5.Theladyreturnedhome,_(follow)bythefamousdetectiveHolmes.FrightenedComparedFacedfollowedOrdered1.Nervously_(face)withchallenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.(2019高考北京卷改高考北京卷改)developedfaced2.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts_(develop)aftergreateffort.(2014四川四川卷卷)高考链接高考链接2._2._from the hill,thefrom the hill,thecitycitylookslookslikelikea abigbiggarden.garden.如果如果主句的主语主句的主语和和分词分词是是主动关系主动关系,用用_，主句的主语主句的主语和和分词分词是是被动关系被动关系，用，用_。现在分词现在分词重难点辨析（一）：重难点辨析（一）：分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟_的主语保持一致。的主语保持一致。1._ from the hill,you will find 1._ from the hill,you will find thethecitycitylookslookslikelikea abigbiggarden.garden.SeenSeenSeeingSeeing过去分词过去分词主句主句1.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen2.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.SeenPractice:Practice:独立主格结构独立主格结构 （作状语）（作状语）_finished,childrenwentout.作业一做完，孩子们就出去了。作业一做完，孩子们就出去了。HomeworkHomework独立主格结构独立主格结构主格代词主格代词/名词名词+过去分词过去分词=When_,childrenwentout.thehomeworkwasfinished作状语作状语_为为逻辑主语逻辑主语，_为为逻辑谓语逻辑谓语。主格代词或名词主格代词或名词过去分词过去分词若分词主语与句中主语不一致若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正则可以用其他方法来修正:给分词添加自己的主语给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构。构成独立主格结构。用用withwith复复合结构。合结构。改为相应的状语从句来表达。改为相应的状语从句来表达。_finished,children went out._finished,children went out.=When _,children=When _,children went out.went out.=With homework _,children went out.=With homework _,children went out.HomeworkHomeworkthe homework was finishedthe homework was finishedfinishedfinished有些过去分词短语作状语时，仅表完成的状态，不表被动有些过去分词短语作状语时，仅表完成的状态，不表被动意义：意义：lost(lost(迷路迷路);seated();seated(坐坐);absorbed in();absorbed in(全神贯注于全神贯注于););dressed in(dressed in(穿着穿着);tired of();tired of(厌烦厌烦)等。如：等。如：ConclusionConclusionCheck yourselfCheck yourself1)Theplay_(perform)lastnightwaswrittenbyShakespeare.2)Theprofessor_(give)usalecturecomesfromPekingUniversity.3)Hisbook_(publish)nextyearwillbehisbestone.4)Whathesaidwas_.Weallfelt_(encourage).performedperformedgivinggivingto be publishedto be publishedencouragingencouragingencouragedencouraged1)Hewasveryexcitingtohearthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.2)Whenthemanagercamein,hefoundTomsmokeintheoffice.3)Yesterdaymyfatherhadhishairtocut.4)Thestoryhetoldusjustnowisveryinterested.5)Hewasmadestandoutsidetheclassroom.excitedexcitedsmokingsmokinginterestinginterestingtoto5.Around13500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,_(exceed)theexpectednumberof12000heldbymarketanalysts.(2018江苏江苏卷卷)exceedingOrderedAbsorbed5._(absorb)inpainting,Johndidntnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015天津天津卷卷)4._(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytime.(2016北京北京卷卷)高考链接高考链接Thankyou