【课件】高中英语一轮复习 阅读理解分类解题技巧：数字计算类题目 课件.pptx

阅读理解技法大盘点：数字计算题一、题型解读1.数 字 计 算 细 节 理 解 题 一 般 会 涉 及 时 间、年 龄、价 钱、数 量、距 离 等 的简 单 计 算。一 般 来 说，从 数 学 的 角 度 讲，计 算 量 都 比 较 小，计 算 容 易。但 是 英 语 阅 读 中 的 数 字 计 算 必 须 要 找 出 计 算 背 后 所 隐 含 的 信 息。这 些“暗”信 息 会 涉 及 对 某 个 难 句 的 理 解，从 这 个 角 度 上 讲，理 解 文 中 相 应 的复杂句是解这类题的关键。2.数 字 计 算 细 节 理 解 题 的 话 题 有：(1)广 告 类；(2)故 事 类；(3)科 普 知 识 类；(4)史 地 自 然 类；(5)文 化 教 育 类。设 问 方 式 以when，in which year，how many/much 等疑问词开头引出问题。二、解题技巧“加减乘除”得数据1.阅 读 题 干，查 看 题 干 中 的 关 键 词，然 后 寻 读 原 文，同 时 标 记 数 字、时间、年代等相关信息。2.弄清题干询问数据与原文数据的逻辑关系，并进行加减乘除计算。3.特殊信息应注意：(1)特 殊 数 字：decade 十 年；fortnight 两 周；double 两 倍；couple 两 个；score 二十；dozen十二。(2)特殊词汇：off 削价，减价；discount 折扣。例 如：【真 题 感 悟】中 第21题 阅 读 题 干，根 据 第 一 段How to Get to Holker 中，By car 里 Approximate travel times 后 面 的 内 容 可 知，从Manchester 到Holker 要 用1 hour 30 minutes，即 一 个 半 小 时，也 就 是90分钟，故选D。(2018 全国，A)Welcome to Holker Hall&GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere20 minutes，Kendal25 minutes，Lancaster45 minutes，Manchester1 hour 30 minutes.真题感悟 1By Rail：The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities&airports.Opening TimesSunday Friday(closed on Saturday)11：00 am 4：00 pm,30th March 2nd November.Admission ChargesHall&Gardens GardensAdults：12.00 8.00Groups:9.00 5.50Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks.Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening，making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged.For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family.Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，题材是旅游广告。文章介绍了游览霍尔克庄园的游客须知和四项特别的活动。21.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.20 minutes.B.25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.90 minutes.解 析 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 文 章 的How to Get to Holker 部 分 中“By Car：.Approximate travel times：.Manchester1 hour 30 minutes.”可 知，游 客 从Manchester 开 车 到Holker 大 约 用 一 个 半 小 时，也 就 是90分 钟。故选D。22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall&Gardens?A.12.00.B.9.00.C.8.00.D.5.50.解 析 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 文 章 的 Admission Charges 部 分 中 Hall&Gardens 一 列 与Groups 一 行 的 交 叉 处 可 知，旅 游 团 的 一 个 成 员 游 览Hall&Gardens所需要的费用为9.00。故选B。(2018全国一，C）At present，the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1,000；Africa 2,400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.30How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?AAbout 6,800.BAbout 3,400.CAbout 2,400.DAbout 1,200.答案B解析数字计算题。根据第三段第一句“At present，the world has about 6,800 languages.”可知，目前世界上大约有6 800种语言；再根据该段最后一句“The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000，which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6 000，也就是说有大约3 400种语言的使用人数少于6 000。Boston：HubwayStation：Tremont St.&West St.How much：6 for a 24hour pass.How it works：The first 30 minutes are included in the pass；2 for the second 30 minutes；4 for the third 30 minutes；later 8 for every half an hour.We are volunteers.If you want to know more information，please contact us.3If you visit Boston by riding Hubway bike for 3 hours，you have to pay _.A.6 B.30C.20 D.36答案D解析数字计算题。根据Boston：Hubway部分“How much：6 for a 24hour pass.”和“How it works：The first 30 minutes are included in the pass；2 for the second 30 minutes；4 for the third 30 minutes；later 8 for every half an hour.”可知前半个小时算在6美元中，第二个半小时是2美元；第三个半小时是4美元；接下来每半个小时8美元。如果你想骑行3个小时，就是6个半个小时，共计62488836美元。故D正确。(2019湖北武汉第二中学仿真模拟)A few more points：A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is“capped(给定上限)”at 6.80 per day.Youll pay more during peak times.Peak fares 6apply from Monday to Friday(630 am930 am；400 pm700 pm)，except for public holidays.Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station，Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.2How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day with a Visitor Oyster card?A2.30.B3.40.C6.80.D9.20.答案C解析细节理解题。根据A few more points部分的第二条“Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is capped(给定上限)at 6.80 per day.”可知，游客牡蛎卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选C。(2019河北石家庄鹿泉中学四模)For most climbers，professional or amateur，reaching the summit of Mount EverestEarths highest mountain above sea levelonce is a peak achievement.However，dont tell that to Kami Rita，who scaled(攀登)the peak of the dangerous mountain for the 22nd time on May 16,2018，breaking the previous record of 21 successful climbs he shared with two fellow guides.And the experienced mountaineer is not done yet!He announced，“My goal is to reach the summit of Everest at least 25 times.”Mr Rita，who earns$10,000 for each Everest expedition，has successfully scaled the mountain almost every year since the age of 24.1How much money has Mr Rita probably made for Everest expeditions?A$10,000.B$210,000.C$220,000.D$250,000.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.who scaled(攀登)the peak of the dangerous mountain for the 22nd time on May 16,2018.”scale 此处为动词，表示“达到顶点”和“Mr Rita，who earns$10,000 for each Everest expedition.”可知，Rita在登峰探险上挣了220,000美元。故选C。(2019江西重点中学盟校联考)The US dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place，and last years winner，Norway，came in second placefollowed by Denmark，Iceland and Switzerland.5The US ranked _ in 2017.A14 B10 C18 D22答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The US dropped four spots from 2017 and landed in 18th place”可知，美国2018年排名18，比2017年下降了4个名次，故2017年排名第14，故A选项正确。In the United States,30 percent of the people have a“weight problem”To many people the cause is obvious(明显的)：they eat too much.But scientific evidence does little to support this idea.Going back to America of 1910，we find that people were thinner than today，yet they ate more food.In those days people worked harder physically，walked more，used machines much less，and didnt watch television.5According to the passage，how many people in 900 Americans have a“weight problem”？A150.B300.C600.D270.答案D解析数字计算题。根据第一段第一句“In the United States,30 percent of the people have a weight problem”可知有30%的人有肥胖的问题，继而推断出90030%270，故选D项。THANK YOU!Please do more practice after class!