【课件】2023届高考英语专题复习之独立主格课件.pptx

课前回顾课前回顾Learning objectivesIn this class,you are expected to be able to:一、什么是独立主格结构？一、什么是独立主格结构？二、独立主格结构的构成形式；二、独立主格结构的构成形式；三、独立主格结构与状语从句之间的转换三、独立主格结构与状语从句之间的转换；四、四、with/without+复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法。复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法。It is raining.I stay at home.1，用连词造一个并列句2，用连词造一个复合句3，不使用连词Lead inIt is raining,and I stay at home.It is raining,so I stay at home.非谓语非谓语Who:John SnowHis ac+hievement:Defeat choleraWhen John Snow defeated cholera,he felt relieved and excited.cholera,John Snow felt relieved and excited.Cholera ,John Snow felt relieved and excited.Defeatingdefeated非谓语非谓语独立主格独立主格独立主格是非谓语吗？非谓语非谓语中的主语和主句中的主语是一致的，中的主语和主句中的主语是一致的，但是但是独立主格结构独立主格结构却和主句主语不一样，因此是独立的主格。却和主句主语不一样，因此是独立的主格。再看一下它们的区别What:a British mapThe red part:EnglandNow when people refer to England,they mean Wales included as well.England now,people mean Wales included as well.England now,people find Wales included as well.Referring toreferred toThe yellow part:Wales独立主格有什么特点？一、独立主格结构的构成一、独立主格结构的构成由由一一个个相相当当于于主主语语的的名名词词或或代代词词加加上上非非谓谓语语动动词词、形形容容词词（副副）词词、名名词词或或介介词词短短语语构构成成的的一一种种独独立立成成分。分。The geography of the UK (puzzle)me,I went to the library to look up related data（资料）（资料）.1、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-ing puzzling二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：The classes_(be)over,students went out of the classroom.二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：beingThe classes over,1、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-ing 注意注意在下列两种情况下，独立主格中的在下列两种情况下，独立主格中的being不能省略。不能省略。(1)独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。(2)There be结构中。结构中。It was Sunday,the library didnt open.二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：being(True or False)1、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-ing There no buses,I had to walk to a bookstore.二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：being1、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-ing 2、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-edBritish history (study)，we have a better understanding of its geography.Finally Northern Ireland was joined to the Great Britain,the UK came into being.studied(True or False)二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：2、逻辑主语逻辑主语+V-ed二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：England (divide)roughly into three parts,it is convenient for us to know about it.England _ (invade)by four sets of invaders,evidence can be found around the British countryside.dividedinvaded3、逻辑、逻辑主语主语+形容词形容词,该结构相当于一个未带动词该结构相当于一个未带动词的的“主主系系表表”结构。结构。二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：So many places of interest in London ，many visitors are attracted to London every year.beautiful4、逻辑、逻辑主语主语+副词副词,该结构相当于一个未带动词的该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主主系系表表”结构。结构。二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：The lights of London ,London seems more beautiful.on5、逻辑、逻辑主语主语+介宾结构介宾结构,该结构相当于一个未带动该结构相当于一个未带动词的词的“主主系系表表”结构。结构。,you can travel around Londonmore conveniently.Map in handA map in your hand二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：6.逻辑主语逻辑主语+名词。名词。二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：Every year there are many visitors to London ，most of are Chinese.，most of Chinese.，and most of are Chinese.；most of are Chinese.A.them B.who C.whom D.AAAc解题技巧解题技巧：一般：一般逗号逗号(comma)不连接两个独立的句子，但不连接两个独立的句子，但分号分号(semicolon)、破折号破折号(dash)可以！可以！7.逻辑主语逻辑主语+不定式不定式,不定式表示未发生的动作不定式表示未发生的动作或发生在句子谓语动作之后。或发生在句子谓语动作之后。二、独立主格结构的构成形式：二、独立主格结构的构成形式：The guide (lead)the way,we wont worry about our safety in Britain.to lead三、独立主格结构的三、独立主格结构的特点特点：n./pron.+v.-ingv.-edto doadv.介宾结构介宾结构n.结构结构独立主格结构独立主格结构是一个独立的句子吗？是一个独立的句子吗？是一个从句吗？是一个从句吗？前可以有前可以有and、but、or等连词吗？等连词吗？前可以有前可以有when、what、why等从句连接词吗？等从句连接词吗？adj.1、没有连词和谓语，但有自己的主语，它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化;2、独立主格和主句用逗号隔开，可放在句首，也可放在句尾3、在句子中作状语（表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等）Summary:4.通常用于书面语，文艺三、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：三、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：1、原因状语原因状语 该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。It being Sunday,the library didnt open.As it was Sunday,the library didnt open.There being no buses,I had to walk to a bookstore.Because there were no buses,I had to walk to a bookstore.2、时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when,as soon as,after等引导的时间状语从句。等引导的时间状语从句。Cholera defeated,John Snow felt relieved and excitedWhen cholera was defeated,John Snow felt relieved and excited三、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：三、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：3、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导引导的条件状语从句的条件状语从句。The guide to lead the way,we wont worry about our safety in Britain.If the guide leads the way,we wont worry about our safety in Britain.4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语介词短语或并列谓语或并列谓语。A map in your hand,you can travel around London more conveniently.With a map in your hand,you can travel around London more conveniently.四、四、with+复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法with+复合宾语复合宾语”结构结构:是指是指“with+宾语（名词或代词）宾语（名词或代词）+形容词或副词、形容词或副词、非谓语动词（分词、不定式）等非谓语动词（分词、不定式）等”所构成的一种介词短语。所构成的一种介词短语。n./pron.+v.-ingv.-edto doadj.介宾结构介宾结构n.with+adv.with 的复合结构的例子的复合结构的例子with+with+名词名词/代词代词+介词介词短语短语He died with his daughter yet a a schoolgirlschoolgirl.With the guide (lead)the way,we had no trouble finding the village.With the guide (lead)the way,well have no trouble finding the village.With so much homework (do),I dont have time to play basketball.With a lot of things (fill)his mind,he didnt notice me come in.With his mind (fill)with a lot of things,he didnt notice me come in.leadingto leadto do fillingfilledExerciseExercisewith复合结构在句子中可以作以下几种成分：复合结构在句子中可以作以下几种成分：一、原因一、原因状语状语With the machine (work)all the time,we finished harvesting crops in time.二二、时间、时间状语状语With his work_(finish),the secretary began to walk home.三三、伴随状语、伴随状语She left the offices with tears _.The murderer was brought in,with his hands_(tie).四四、后置、后置定语定语Do you know the man _ a book in his hand?workingfinished in her eyestied behindwith五、其他形式的独立主格结构五、其他形式的独立主格结构There being/It being+名词、代词名词、代词Summary:独立主格的类型1，逻辑主语+非谓语动词(to do/doing/done)2，逻辑主语+(being)+表语(adj/adv/n/介词短语)3，with/without+复合宾语 4，There being/It being+名词、代词 ExerciseExerciseExercise1.More time _,we should have done it much better.AgivingBgivesCgivenDgave2._ the lights off,they wouldnt go on with the work.AWithBUntilCBecause DAs3.They live in a beautiful village,with many trees and flowers _ it.AsurroundedBsurroundsCsurroundingDto surroundCACExerciseExercise4.Frank went back home,_ to study much harder than before.Awith his mind making upBhis mind making upCwith his mind made upDhis mind being made up5.The weather here is great,with temperatures _ from a low of 55F to a high of 75 F in the summer.ArangeBranged Cto rang Dranging6.With the villagers _ the way,our troops got to the position in time.Aleading Bwere leadingCledDbeing ledADAExerciseExercise7.He dived into the water with only his face _.Aexposed Bexposing Cbeing exposedDto be exposed8._ of danger in the street at night,she had to go home,with a friend _ her.AWarned;accompaniedBHaving been warned;accompanyingCHaving warned;accompaniedDWarning;accompanyingABExerciseExercise9.Dickens wrote a lot of novels,many of them _ into films.Amade Bwere madeChave been madeDhad been made10.All flights _ because of the snow-storm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train.Awere canceled Bhaving been canceledChad been canceledDhave been canceledABExerciseExercise11.Dickens wrote a lot of novels,many of them _ into films.Amade Bwere madeChave been madeDhad been made12.All flights _ because of the snow-storm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train.Awere canceled Bhaving been canceledChad been canceledDhave been canceledABExerciseExercise13.It was a pity that the great writer died _ his work unfinished.A.for B.with C.from D.ofBpermittinghaving produced14.Weather _(permit),theyll go to the park for a picnic.15.These women _(produce)works of the highest quality,any 19th century English literature must include them.Thank you