中考总复习英语 语法专项复习—数词课件.pptx

第二部分 语法专项复习数 词1核心语法概述2语法知识导览3语法精讲精练4核心素养提升 1 核心语法概述 2 数词作为中考的考查点，主要考查考生对数词的构成、表达方式和用法的掌握情况。题型以选择填空和词形变换为主，分值为1至2分。其中，基数词和序数词1至1000的读法和写法，用数字表示时刻、日期、班次、页数、分数和电话号码等常在试题中出现。语法知识导览 3 知识点 1 基数词的构成 记忆口诀：1至12特殊记，13至19加-teen，20至90用-ty 替；十位数后连字符“-”，百位数后and，千位数后分节号“”；百、千若是单数时，其前数字定具体；百、千复数加of，其前数字不具体。注意：当hundred，thousand，million，billion 等数词前有基数词或某些表示数量的形容词时，词尾不加-s。当表示“几百”“几千”“几百万”等笼统数目时，则应该用“-s+of”构成短语。语法精讲精练 4 例题 小试牛刀知识点 2 序数词的构成 1.第一、第二、第三分别为 first，second，third，其拼法与基数词完全不同，要熟记。2.第四至第十九大都是由相应的基数词加 th 构成。注意：fifth，eighth，ninth 和twelfth 的拼法和读法需要特别记忆。3.十位整数的序数词是把相应的基数词词尾 y 变为 ie 再加-th。4.第二十一至第九十九，十位整数用基数词，个位数用序数词，十位数和个位数之间用连字符“-”连接。5.百、千、百万、十亿的序数词分别在相应的基数词后加-th。6.无论一个数目有多大，都是个位数用序数词。5 小试牛刀 例题知识点 3 数词的用法 1.序数词前一般要加定冠词the、物主代词或所有格，修饰名词。2.序数词前加不定冠词 a/an，表示“再一”“又一”的意思。3.编号可用基数词或序数词表示，序数词位于名词之前，并加定冠词，基数词位于名词之后。房间号、公共汽车号、电话号码、页码均用基数词。注意：英语中表示“几个半”的两种表达方法。（1）“数词+and a half+可数名词复数”。（2）“数词+可数名词复数+and a half”。6 小试牛刀 例题知识点 4 时刻表达法 1.顺序法（与汉语相同），即先读整点数，再读分钟数，且都用基数词。2.倒序法。（1）分钟数在半小时前（包括半小时），结构为“分钟+past+点钟”。（2）分钟数超过半小时，结构为“分钟+to+将要到达的点钟”。3.时间为整点时，用“整点时间+oclock”的结构，或省略oclock，直接用整点时间。注意：（1）am 表示上午，pm 表示下午。（2）am/pm 不能和 morning/afternoon 同时使用。7 例题 小试牛刀知识点 5 分数、小数、百分数表达法 1.一般情况下，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数形式。2.小数用阿拉伯数字表示。小数点之前的数按基数词的读法读出，小数点后的数字则一一读出。3.百分数由“阿拉伯数字+%(percent)”构成。percent 没有复数形式。8 例题 小试牛刀知识点 6 年、月、日表达法 年份用基数词表示，一般先读前两位数，再读后两位数；月份的第一个字母要大写；表示日期用序数词或基数词皆可，但一般读成序数词。9 例题 小试牛刀知识点 7 年龄表达法 1.用阿拉伯数字或单词表达年龄。2.表示“几十多岁”时用“in ones 整十的基数词复数形式”的结构。10 例题 小试牛刀知识点 8 年代表达法 用“in the+年代数（世纪百位进数+十位年代数）s”的结构表示。11 例题 小试牛刀知识点 9 由“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”构成的形容词 在由“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”构成的结构中，名词一般用单数形式。整个结构构成形容词，作其后的名词的定语。12 例题 小试牛刀 常见错误分析 1.基数词和序数词之间的转换混乱。特别是当 twelve 和 twenty 变为序数词时，常分别误写成 twelvfth 和 twentith。2.“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”这一结构的用法没掌握好，名词常误用复数形式。13 一、单项选择1.Ann always gets up _.A.at seven thirty B.at thirty seven C.seven thirty D.thirty seven2.Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my dear grandpas _ birthday.A.eighty B.eightieth C.eight D.eighth3.Because of the special situation this year,about _ of the students in our school having classes on the Internet at home.A.two thirds;are B.two third;is C.second thirds;are D.two thirds;is核心素养提升 14 ABA4.Among all these books,_ of them are for children to read.A.three fifth B.three fifths C.third fifth D.third five5.There are about eight hundred students in the school._ of them are girls.A.Two fifth B.Second fifth C.Second five D.Two fifths6.The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear.But the ones on the _ page are not.A.first B.two C.three D.fourth7.About _ of the students dont like studying online in my class,because they cant discuss with their classmates.A.one three B.one thirds C.one third D.one threes 15 BDDC8.On my _ birthday,my aunt gave me a nice dress as a present.A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelfth D.the twelve9.Peng Min finally became the winner of _ season of CCTVs“Chinese Poetry Conference”.A.five B.fifth C.the fifth D.fifths10.My father joined the army in _ when he was in _.A.1960s;twenties B.the 1960s;his twentieth C.1960;his twenties D.1960s;the twenties11.We all know that _ birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter.A.million B.millions C.millions of D.million of 16 BCCC12.Teachers Day is in September,the _ month of the year.A.nine B.ninth C.ten D.tenth13.I like the number“9”best,because I think it stands for“long lasting”.Me too.So I choose _ floor to live on.A.nine B.ninth C.the nine D.the ninth14.Every year,_ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.A.thousand B.thousands of C.thousands D.thousand of15.Nowadays,people like HW phones better,and about _ of them are adults.A.the number of;four-fifths B.a number of;four-fifth C.a number of;four-fifths D.the number of;four-five 17 BDBC16._ volunteers will be needed for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.A.Two thousand of B.Two thousands of C.Thousand of D.Thousands of17.The number 23,456 can be read as“_”.A.twenty-three thousand,four hundred and fifty-six B.twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-six C.two three thousand and four five six D.two three thousand,four and five six 18 DA18.Which month of the year do you like best?July,the _ month,because summer vacation begins in this month.A.seven B.six C.seventh D.sixth19.Our school is 70 years old this year.We will celebrate her _ birthday on December 16th.A.the seventieth B.seventieth C.the seventy D.seventy20.Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the _ largest in Hubei Province?Yes,of course.Its just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth 19 CBB二、词形变换根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.This is the _(three)novel I have read this month.2.Today we begin to learn the _(eight)lesson.It is about delicious food.3.Could you pass me the _(four)book from the right on the shelf？4.May is the _(five)month of a year.5.To my surprise,my uncle got his driving licence in his _(fifty).20 thirdeighthfourthfifthfifties例题 1In our city,_ middle school students want to work as a teacher in thefuture.A.thousand B.thousand ofC.thousands of D.two thousand ofC分析与解答 此题考查基数词中概数的表达法。thousands of 表约数概念，此时不能和具体数字连用。知识点 1 基数词的构成小试牛刀1.It is over _ years since our Party was founded in 1921.A.seventy B.eighty C.ninety D.one hundred2.Its reported that there are more than 300 _ smokers in China,nearly a third of all the smokers in the world.A.million B.millions C.million of D.millions ofCA例题 2Qinghai-Tibet Railway(青藏铁路)was completed last year.It is the _ railway that connects Tibet with the other parts of China.A.first B.second C.third D.fourthA分析与解答 此题考查序数词的用法。first 意为“第一”；second 意为“第二”；third 意为“第三”；fourth 意为“第四”。句意：青藏铁路是我国第一条将西藏与其他地区连接起来的铁路干线。根据常识可知答案选A。知识点 2 序数词的构成小试牛刀1.September is _ month of the year.A.nine B.ninth C.the-ninth D.the ninth2.My grandparents live in an old apartment with _ floors and they are on the _ floor.A.fifth;three B.fifth;third C.five;three D.five;thirdDD例题 3Miss Gao lives in _.A.Room 603 B.the 603 Room C.603 Room D.the Room 603A分析与解答 此题考查数词的基本用法。房间号可用基数词位于名词之后表示。知识点 3 数词的用法小试牛刀1.Excuse me,Sir.Heres a package for Lin Tao.Which room does he live in?_ A.308 Room.B.Room 308.C.The Room 308.D.The 308 Room.B2.What should we do now,Mr Clark?Please turn to Page _ and look at the _ picture.A.Twelve;fifth B.Twelfth;fifth C.Twelve;five D.Twelfth;fiveA例题 4Fifteen to four is _.A.3:15 B.3:45 C.4:15 D.5:15分析与解答 此题考查时刻的表达法。fifteen to four 就是差15分钟到4点，即 3:45。B知识点 4 时刻表达法小试牛刀1.What time is it?Its _.A.forty-five past four B.four past forty-five C.forty-five four D.fifteen to six2.How do you say“1:57”in English?Its _.A.three past two B.fifty-seven past one C.three to two D.three to oneDC例题 5About _ of the students in our school are boys.A.third fifths B.three fifthsC.three fifth D.third five分析与解答 此题考查分数的表达。在英语中表示分数的方式为“分子用基数词，分母用序数词”，如果分子大于1，则分母用复数形式。B知识点 5 分数、小数、百分数表达法小试牛刀1._ of the storybooks on the shelf are interesting.A.Two-thirds B.Second-thirds C.Two-third D.Second-third2._ of the land in that town _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;are C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;areAC例题 6Whats the date today?Its June _,2020.A.the fifteen B.the nineteenthC.eighteen D.eighth分析与解答 此题考查日期的读法。具体日期用“the+序数词”。B知识点 6 年、月、日表达法小试牛刀My birthday is on December _.A.five B.the fifthC.fifth D.the fiveB例题 7Toms mum looks young and beautiful.Its hard to imagine she is already in her.A.forties B.fortyC.the forty D.fortieth分析与解答 此题考查数词中年龄段的表达法。句意：汤姆的妈妈看起来年轻、漂亮。很难想象她已经四十多岁了。“几十多岁”用“in ones+表示整十的基数词复数”的结构。A知识点 7 年龄表达法小试牛刀1.In his _,Wilson returned to his home town and began to teach.A.thirty B.thirties C.thirtieth D.the thirtieth2.Lindas grandmother goes swimming every week,but actually she is in her _.A.sixties B.sixtieth C.sixty D.sixty years oldBA例题 8The television was invented in _.A.the 1920s B.the 1920C.the 1920s D.1920s分析与解答 此题考查年代的表达法。句意：电视机是20世纪20年代发明的。表示“20世纪20年代”，应写成 in the 1920s 或 1920s。A知识点 8 年代表达法小试牛刀1.My parents were both born in _.A.the 1970s B.1980s C.the 1970 D.1980s2.Many people went to work by bike in _ in China.A.1986s B.1980s C.the 1980 D.the 1980sAD例题 9Wu Dajing,a _ Chinese skater,set a new world record at the Short Track World Cup in 2018.A.26-year-old B.26 year oldC.26-years-old D.26 years old分析与解答 此题考查数词中“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”构成的复合形容词的用法。句意：武大靖，一位26岁的中国滑冰运动员，在2018年刷新了世界杯短道速滑项目的记录。复合形容词“二十六岁的”用“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”的结构。A知识点 9 由“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”构成的形容词小试牛刀1.Kate is _ girl.Shes very happy at school.A.a eighteen-year-old B.an eighteen-year-old C.an eighteen-years-old D.a eighteen-years-old2.Lucy wrote a _ letter to her mother.A.six hundred words B.six-hundred words C.six-hundred-word D.six-hundred-wordsBC