2022年中考英语阅读理解专项训练.pdf
中考英语阅读理解专项训练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。AThanks to better health care,most people are living healthier and longer lives.Someone whois bom today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in thenineteenth century.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate theirhundredth birthdays.Here are some rules for a healthy life.Get off the sofa!Sure,it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV.But doctors say you should get off thesofa.To keep fit,you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day.In the past,peoples jobsrequired more physical effort.They often had to walk for miles every day.When farmers wereworking in the fields,they were keeping fit at the same time.Think about it:Do you get the sameamount of exercise today as they did in the past?Eat healthy food!It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural,for example fruit and vegetables.Fast foodis not healthy.You should only have it once in a while.Eating too much of the wrong food willharm your health.Rest while you can!When we were babies,we slept for much of the night.Teenagers do not need as much sleepas babies,but it is important fbr you to get about eight hours5 sleep a night.At weekends,you havegot more time,so use it not just for your friends,but for rest too.Do not worry.Be happy!Many people believe that happiness is important for our general health.Sometimes it is noteasy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school,exams or friendships.If you are worriedabout something,talk to your parents or your teachers.1.In the passage,4Get off the sofh!”me ans.A.we should take some exercise B.we shouldnt watch TV on the sofaC.we should get off the sofa to keep fit D.we shouldnt stay at home for a long time2.The underlined word it in the passage refers to（指代）.A.healthy foodB.fast foodC.natural foodD.fresh food3.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE?A.The best rest is to spend more time with friends.B.It is necessary for teenagers to get enough sleep.C.Teenagers also need as much sleep as babies at night.D.Sleeping for much of the night will do harm to your health.4.The passage is mainly about.A.how to be a happy teenager B.the importance of a healthy lifeC.the ways of leading a healthy life D.teenagers?common healthy problemsBA lot of animals travel from one place to another.We call this migration.In Africa,large animals,like elephants and zebras,migrate to find food and water.Theyusually follow the same ways every year.A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather,too.They are usually birds that eatinsects.They spend the summer in northern Europe,because there are lots of insects there.In thewinter there arent any insects,so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa.Some insects migrate,too.In North America,millions of monarch butterflies fly south tospend the winter in Mexico,California and Florida,where its wanner.They travel 50-65 km eachday and they travel about 1,125 km.Some fish migrate to breed（繁殖）.Salmon（鞋鱼）can swim over 20,000 km in their life.They are born in rivers in Ireland,Scotland and other places in northern Europe.The young fishswim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean.They live in the ocean until they areadults.Then they return to the river where they were born.They lay their eggs in the river andthen they usually die.Salmon do this,because their eggs are safer in the river.Other fish cant eatthem.Arctic terns（北极燕鸥）travel the furthest when they migrate.They spend the summer in theArctic,but when winter comes they fly to the Antarctic,because its summer there.The next yearthey fly back to the Arctic again.In one year these small birds travel 36,000 km from one end ofthe earth to the other and back again.Nobody knows how they do it.5.According to the passage,monarch butterflies in North America migrate to.A.find insects B.look for water C.find better weather D.produce young6.Adult salmon swim back to the river becauseA.they wont be eaten by other big fishB.they want to lay eggs in a safer placeC.they are getting ready to die thereD.they want to go where they grew up7.Which of the following is TRUE about animals*migration?A.Elephants in Africa usually travel the same way each year.B.Most birds fly to southern Europe and Africa in summer.C.Some insects travel 1,125 km each day.D.Salmon swim 20,000 km each year.8.The example of Arctic terns in the last paragraph is used mainly to show.A.the distance of migration B.the purpose of migrationC.the direction of migration D.the time of migrationCLiving on an island might sound wonderful.But what if you left for a trip and found youcould never return?What if your home,and even the land it stood on,was gone forever?Forpeople living in the Pacific Islands,this is really possible.Why?Climate（气候）change.Climate change is causing the sea to rise.Thats bad news forthe Pacific Islands.Yong people on the islands are even starting to wonder:Will they be the lastgeneration（一代人）？Not if the islanders have anything to do about it.These people are deeply connected to theirhomelands.The Pacific Islands are made of 11 different countries:the Marshall Islands,Fiji,Samoa,and others.But now,those countries are working together.Theyre joining forces to fightclimate change.Why is climate change such a huge threat to this part of the world?Islands have lowelevations（海拔）.So they are among the first places influenced by rising sea levels.Thats whycountries of the Pacific Islands are working together to do their part.But these are small countries.When it comes to climate change,can they make a bigdifference?They can,because most of the things that people on islands buy are brought by ships.This is very harmful to the environment.After all,ships put out almost 3 percent of the worldscarbon emissions（碳排放）.That makes climate change worse.Pacific Islanders realize the problem.So,in 2019,six countries got together:Fiji,theMarshall Islands,Samoa,Vanuatu,the Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.They came up with a plan.They agreed to cut carbon emissions from shipping by 40 percent by 2030.And by 2050,theyexpect zero-carbon shipping.How will they pull this off?They plan to use some really cool carbon-free technologies.Theyll make use of solar and wind energy.Sea levels are rising,but hopes arent sinking in the Pacific Islands.9.What is the bad news for the Pacific Islands according to the passage?A.Some Pacific Island countries have disappeared.B.The sea level is going up because of climate change.C.All the shipping to the Pacific Islands has been stopped.D.The Pacific Islanders have nothing to do about the climate change.10.The underlined word“threat“in Paragraph 4 probably means A.risk B.step C.project D.development11.It can be inferred from the passage t hat.A.there will never be zero carbon emissions from shippingB.solar and wind energy will make climate change worseC.all the Pacific Islanders may leave their homelands by 2050D.some Pacific Island countries may have hopes to make a difference12.The passage mainly talks about.A.why other countries are helping the Pacific Islanders fight climate changeB.how some countries are working hard to develop carbon-free technologiesC.how Pacific Island countries are working together to fight shipping pollutionD.why Pacific Island countries put out so much of the worlds carbon emissionsDRecently,my husband and I had the chance to do something good for two people who werecomplete strangers to us.It made us feel so good to be able to do it that I thought I should share.We were traveling to Thailand on New Years Day with our family.Since I traveled a lot forwork,we had had enough flying miles to become the VIP（very important person）of the flight toenjoy first class（头等舱）seats.As we were sitting in the very first two seats in the first row of first class waiting for theplane to take off,I heard one of the flight attendants（航班月艮务员）telling the others that there wasa young couple sitting in the back of the plane that had just been mairied several days before andwere going on their honeymoon（蜜月）.They had ordered their flight eight months before but,forsome reason,had not been able to get seats together.No one else on the plane wanted to move andthe bride（新娘）was in tears.I turned to my husband and told him what I heard.We agreed without thinking twice and Icalled the flight attendant over to tell her that we would be happy to give up our seats for thisyoung couple.The flight attendant seemed shocked and amazed and said,“Really?Are you sure?”We said,Sure!”So,we moved to the back of the plane.I was in a middle seat in the back part and myhusband,who is 63,in the window seat of the last row of the plane.The flight attendants were very thankful fbr what we had done and cared for us carefullyeven though we were no longer sitting in first class,and we both made friends with the peoplesitting around us and had a great flight.I had to go back to the front of the plane to get a forgottenobject back during the flight and noticed that the young couple were sitting very close together,happily sipping champagne（品尝香槟）.It really made my New Year to get on to such a wonderful start!13.When did the writer travel to Thailand?A.On the first day of April.B.C.On the first day of March.D.14.Why could the writer get the first class seats?A.Because she was old.C.Because she often traveled.14.Where did the writer sit at last?A.In the first row.C.In the last row.16.What*s the passage mainly about?On the first day of January.On the first day of February.B.Because she was sick.D.Because she had much money.B.In a middle seat.D.In the window seat.A.A young couple gave their seats to the old.B.The flight attendants helped the old couple.C.All the passengers helped the young couple.D.An old couple offered their seats to the strangers.EDad is an arboristthats like a tree doctor.He and Mom love trees.Thats why they namedme Sylvia.It means“tree girl“or something like that.Dad started me climbing trees four years ago.He always tells me to untie the carabiner（攀爬锁扣）from the end of my rope when I swing from one tree to another.That way it cant get stuckon a branch（树枝）,“he says.But,Dad,its faster to leave it on,I tell him.And Im pretty goodwith the ropes now.Mom worries a little,but Dad says its as safe as walking if you follow therules.Today I was doing what I love best-climbing up one tree（a sugar maple）,swinging over toanother（a red oak）thats close by,then coming down that second tree.It*s like flying,or dancingwith the trees.But right now I dont feel great;in fact,I feel pretty stupid.First,I used an ascender（上升器）to go up.I put my rope over a branch and aroundthe tree,and clipped it to my harness（背带）.Next,I let out line till I was about halfway down thetree.Then I kicked off the tree and swung way out and grabbed the next tree.The swinging partwas a little scary at first,but lots of fun.Then I unclipped（解开）the rope from my harness so Icould pull it out of the maple and put it in the oak.Thats when I should have untied the carabiner.But I didnt.It got caught on a branch,and Im stuck.I wonder what to do.Klee-eer!I hear the call and look up.A beautiful hawk（鹰）glides overhead.I sure wish Icould fly right now.Klee-eer!It calls again.Maybe the hawk is wondering what Fm doing up here.It loops around and glides back over my head.Wait a minute-a loop!Thats it!Suddenly I know what to do.Thank you,hawk!17.The writer was stuck b e c a u s e.A.she went out only by herself B.she didnt follow Dads rulesC.she carelessly broke the carabiner D.she wanted to learn from the hawk18.Which of the following is the best to fill in in the passage?A.Heres how I ended the mess.B.Heres how I got into 由is mess.C.Heres how I dealt with my fear.D.Heres how I saved the situation.19.The underlined word glides in Paragraph 5 probably means“A.runs quickly B.stops suddenlyC.walks slowly D.moves smoothly20.What will most probably happen to the writer in the end?A.She caught the hawk.C.She got to the land safely.B.She asked Dad for help.D.She was punished by Dad.FIf you go shopping in any toy store,you can see clearly the different games and toys forboys and girls:there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls;and dark-colored cars,guns,and soldiers for boys.Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and ablue floor for boys.In fact,it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls.Sue Palmer,writer of Toxic Childhood,is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color.According to somescientists,this happens for two reasons.Firstly,most companies offer too many products in pink.Also,many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink.Sue Palmer says that girls at thisage cannot make proper decisions by themselves,but the pink can affect（影响）the choices andthe decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are worried too,for example,Vanessa Holbum,thirty-two,who has two girlsunder the age of four.Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy.Pink says thatyou are soft and gentle.Blue says that you are strong and powerful.I want my daughters to bestrong and powerful.Tm worried that pink will not help them with that,“she says.But not everyone thinks theresomething wrong with pink.Grayson Turner is a father ofthree girls and he isnt worried at all.People forget that things change all the he says.U 4Mygirls used to love pink when they were little,but as they get older,they change.Turner explainsthat his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore.This love of pink is just afashion and all fashions change,9,he adds.Its only since the 1940s that people have stateddressing girls in pinkbefore that it was a color fbr boys.21.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?:22.The underlined word that in Paragraph 3 me a n s.A.being soft and gentle B.being strong and powerfulC.being gentle but powerful D.being cute and beautiful23.According to Grayson T u r n e r,.A.parents neednt worry about pink toys B.all little kids love the color pinkC.pink has always been a color for girls D.his girls now prefer the color blue24.The purpose of this passage is to.A.explain why girls are crazy about the color pinkB.make parents less worried about the color pinkC.encourage girls to give up playing with pink toysD.show peoples different opinions about the color pinkGThe world uses about a thousand million（百万）tons of water a day.Water is a human rightand everyone should have their share.Yet more than 700 million people around the world havetrouble getting clean,safe water.Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us.And it also helps theenvironment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans.80%of wastewater around the world isnot treated at all,and it is running into oceans.But now we have got the technology to treat andreuse the wastewater.While 75%of our planet is covered with wa
