考研英语模拟4.pdf

模拟考研英语模拟4多项填空 听力原文As the director of the Office of International Student Affairs,it is oneof my most pleasant duties to welcome you on behalf of Central Universityto the annual international dinner.This year,the food you are enjoyingis prepared by students from 35 countries.Right now coffee from Braziland Colombia is being served at the tables and for those of you who prefertea,there is a selection of teas from China,Japan,and South Korea.Please help yourselves.In the meantime,I would like to take a few minutes to thank someof the people who have worked so hard to make this evening possible,especially M r.Black,President of the International Student Association；M iss Lee and M rs.Chu,chairpersons of the Food Committee.I am sure thedinner couldn，t have been such a success without their time and efforts.And now,as I see,almost each one has been served,let，s begin ourprogram.First,it is a fashion show,featuring the typical dress of 10countries.Then followed by some folk songs and dances.After the program,I may invite you to stay to dance.第1题：What is the position of the speaker in International Student Affairs?参考答案：the director/head of the office详细解答：第2题：Who is M r.Black?参考答案：President of the International Student Association详细解答：1第 3 题：Who is M iss Lee?参考答案：chairperson of the Food Committee详细解答:aThe speaker is talking about eye problems of(4)What can causethe retina to separate from(5)the back of the eye?What messagesdoes retina send to the brain?(6)The oxygen can help the babies(7)Researchers urged hospital workers to use the(8)brightlights only when they must do(N aN KB)听力原文W：American doctors say they are concerned about a mysterious increasein the number of babies who become blind.The problem affects prematurebabies.One study found that as many as ten percent of the smallestpremature babies may develop eye problems.Doctors note that a premature baby may not be fully developed atbirth.Their eyes,lungs and other body parts are still forming.In somepremature babies,however,the continuing development is not normal,starting at the age of about five weeks.Blood vessels in their eyes growwildly.The unusual blood vessels can then cause the retina to separatefrom the back of the eye.The retina is the part of the eye that captureslight rays and sends nerve messages to the brain.If it separates fromthe rest of the eye,the baby becomes blind.Doctors are not exactly sure what causes the uncontrolled growthof blood vessels in the eye.And they do not know why the problem seemsto be getting worse.Scientists faced a similar problem about 30 years ago.At that time,doctors treated premature babies by giving them large amounts of oxygen.The oxygen helped the babies underdeveloped lungs.But researchers thendiscovered that large amounts of oxygen also could damage development ofblood vessels in the eye.And the oxygen treatments were halted,exceptfor babies that needed them.Some researchers believe oxygen again may be part of the problem.The researchers from two Washington hospitals say bright lights may make2blood vessels in premature babies more easily damaged by oxygen.Thescientists noted that premature babies often are put in very bright rooms.The bright light is considered important for hospital workers to observethe medical equipment connected to the babies.The researchers said,however,that this bright light is not needed all the time.They urgedhospital workers to use the bright lights only when they must do testson babies.M：You now have 50 seconds to check your answers to Questions 4-8.M：N ow you will hear the recording again.M：You now have another 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 4-8.M：That is the end of Part B.第 4 题：参考答案：premature babies详细解答：第 5 题：参考答案：Unusual blood vessels详细解答：第 6 题：参考答案：N erve messages详细解答：第 7 题：参考答案：underdeveloped lungs详细解答：第 8 题:3参考答案:tests on babies详细解答:3 听力原文W：Ladies and gentlemen,here we are in the chamber of the House of Commons,and this is where all the important debates take place,which,of course,decide which new laws are going to be passed and how government is goingto carry out its policies.The chamber you are looking at today has a lot of the features ofa chapel,because it was in St.Stephens Chapel that the House of Commonshad its first regular home:from 1547 until it was burned down in the greatfire of 1843-some of you may know the famous picture painted by Turnerof that fire.This present building is actually the third home of theCommons.The second one,built in 1852,was destroyed by German bombs in1941,and this one was built in the same style as the old one in 1950.In all,there are 650 members,but if you were to count them youwould find only 437 seats.So if members get there a little late,theyhave to crowd in by the speaker and stand.N ow a lot of visitors think this is a bit strange,and many of theM Ps themselves complain that it，s ridiculous.They say you can，t carryon the business of modern government in a place that，s old-fashioned andtoo small.Well,against all of that,there are others who say that a smallplace like this is ideal for a more informal atmosphere.You can makecomments,get up and ask questions more easily,and the person on the otherside can，t just make a big speech and then hide：he has to get up,facehis critics and give an answer.M：You now have 50 seconds to check your answers to Questions 6-10.M：N ow you will hear the recording again.M：You now have another 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 6-10.M：That is the end of Part B.第9题:参考答案:4Important debates详细解答：第10题：参考答案：a chapel详细解答：第11题：参考答案：In 1843详细解答：第12题：参考答案：German bombs详细解答：第13题：参考答案：Ridiculous详细解答：多项选择There are two basic ways to see growth:one as a product,the otheras a process.People have generally viewed personal growth as an externalresult or product that can easily be identified and measured.The workerwho gets a promotion,the student whose grades improve,the foreigner wholearns a new language一these are examples of people who have measurableresults to show for their efforts.5By contrast,the process of personal growth is much moredifficult to determine,since by definition it is a journey and not thespecific signposts or landmarks along the way.The process is not the roaditself,but rather the attitudes and feelings people have,their cautionor courage,as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles.In this process,the journey never really ends；there are always new waysto experience the world,new ideas to try,new challenges to accept.In order to grow,to travel new roads,people need to have awillingness to take risks,to confront the unknown,and to accept thepossibility they may fail at first.How we see ourselves as we try anew way of being is essential to our ability to growth.Do we perceiveourselves as quick and curious?If so,then we tend to take more chancesand to be more open to unfamiliar experiences.Do we think were shy andindecisive?Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate,to moveslowly,and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe.Do wethink we re slow to adapt to change or that we，re not smart enough to copewith a new challenge?Then we are likely to take a more passive role ornot try at all.These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are bothunavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow.If we do notconfront and overcome these internal fears and doubts,if we protectourselves too much,then we cease to grow.We become trapped inside a shellof our own making.第二段的三个句子反复说明了本文的主旨。在最后一段，作者首先从正面陈述了结论，然后又从反面陈述一遍，最后再用一个比喻说明这个道理。请看文后所附问题。a第 14题:A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when.A.he has given up his smoking habitB.he has made efforts in his workC.he is keen on learning anything newD.he has tried to determine where he is on his journey参考答案：A答案解析：第 15题:In the author，s eyes,one who views personal growth as a process would6A.succeed in climbing up the social ladderB.judge his ability to grow from his own achievementsC.face difficulties and take up challengesD.aim high and reach his goal each time参考答案：C答案解析：第16题：When the author says“a new way of being”(line 3,paragraphs),he isreferring to.A.a new approach to experiencing the worldB.a new way of taking risksC.a new method of perceiving ourselvesD.a new system of adapting to change参考答案：A答案解析：第17题：For personal growth,the author advocates all of the following exceptA.curiosity about more chancesB.promptness in self-adaptationC.open-mindedness to new experiencesD.avoidance of internal fears and doubts参考答案：D答案解析：Reruns of situation comedies from the fifties and early sixtiesdramatize the kinds of problems that parents used to have with theirchildren.The Cleavers scold Beaver for not washing his hands beforedinner；the Andersons punish Bud for not doing his homework；the N elsonsdock little Ricky，s allowance because he keeps forgetting to clean hisroom.But times have changed dramatically.Being a parent today is muchmore difficult than it was a generation ago.Todays parents must try,first of all,to control all the newdistractions that tempt children away from schoolwork.At home,a childmay have a room furnished with a stereo and television.N ot many youngpeople can resist the urge to listen to an album or watch M TV-especially7if it is time to do schoolwork.Outside the home,the distractions areeven more alluring.C hildren no longer hangout”on a neighborhood cornerwithin earshot of Mom or D ad s reminder to come in and do homework.I nstead,they congregate in vast shopping malls,buz z ing video arcades,andgleaming fast-food restaurants.Parents and school assignments haveobvious difficulty competing with such enticing alternatives.B esides dealing with these distractions,parents also have toshield their children from a flood of sexually explicit materials,Today,children can find sex magaz ines and pornographic paperbacks in the samecorner store that once offered only comics and candy.Moreover,the moviesyoung people attend often focus on highly sexual situations,I t isdifficult to teach children traditional values when films show teachersseducing students and young people treating sex as a casual sport.A n evenmore difficult matter for parents is the heavily sexual content ofprograms on television.Most disturbing to parents today,however,is the increase inlife-threatening dangers that face young people.When children are small,parents fear that their youngsters may be victims of violence.E very newsprogram seems to carry a report about a mass murderer who preys on younggirls,a deviant who has buried six boys in his cellar,or an organiz edchild pornography ring that molests preschoolers.When children are older,parents begin to worry about their kids，use of drugs.Peer pressure toexperiment with drugs is often stronger than parents，warnings.Thispressure to experiment can be fatal if the drugs have been mixed withdangerous chemicals.Within one generation,the world as a place to raise childrenhas changed dramatically.One wonders how yesterday，s parents would havedealt with today，s problems.C ould the A ndersons have kept but away fromMTV?C ould the Nelsons have shielded little Ricky from sexually explicitmaterial?C ould the C leavers have protected B eaver from drugs?Parentsmust be aware of all these distractions and dangers,yet be willing togive their children the freedom they need to become responsible adults.I t is not an easy task.听力原文父母的责任回放五十年代和六十年代早期的情景喜剧片，使从前父母对待孩子问题很惹人注目。例如，克里夫夫妇因为比沃没有在饭前洗手而责备他；安德森夫妇因为巴德没有做家庭作业而惩罚他；尼尔森夫妇因为小瑞奇总是忘记清扫他的房间而扣掉他的零用钱。但是，时代的变化是惊人的，作为今天的父母比上一代人要8困难得多了。首先，今天的父母必须努力控制所有新的会诱使孩子逃避功课的各种干扰。在家里，孩子可能拥有一间配有立体音响和电视机的房间。现在没有多少年轻人能够抵挡住想要听唱片或看M T V的冲动-尤其是做功课的时候。家庭外的干扰甚至更具诱惑力。放学后孩子们不再在附近能听到父母提醒回去做作业声音的 地 方“闲逛”，取而代之的是，他们聚集在大型购物广场，嘈杂的影像市场，或明亮的快餐店。父母的叮嘱与学校的作业显然很难与这些诱人的活动相抗衡。除了对付上述干扰之外，父母还不得不保护孩子不受那些四处泛滥的有着露骨性描写的各种材料的侵害。现在，孩子们在以前只卖连环画和糖果的街角小店里可以找到性杂志和色情平装书。更有甚者，在年轻人常去的电影院经常放映色情级别很高的片子，当电影上演着老师引诱学生，年轻人把性看做一项很随便的游戏时，让孩子们接受传统观念实在是困难的。还有一个更让父母们头痛的问题，那就是电视中播放性色彩很浓的节目。然而，最让今天的父母们感到不安的是危及孩子生命健康的危险在增加。当孩子还小的时候，父母害怕自己的小孩成为暴力的牺牲品。每个新闻节目似乎都报导过这样的消息：专门攻击女孩的大规模谋杀案的凶手，在地窖里埋葬了六个小男孩的变态狂，猥亵学前幼童的有组织的儿童色情团伙。孩子长大后，父母开始担心孩子使用毒品。其他人吸毒造成的压力远远要大于父母亲警告的威力，如果毒品中带有危险的化学制品时，这种吸毒的压力会是致命的。在一代人的里，作为抚养小孩场所的这个世界已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。人们会问昨天的父母如何解决今天的问题？安德鲁夫妇能让他（她）们的孩子 离 开 M T V 吗？尼尔森夫妇能保护小瑞奇不看暴露色情的材料吗？克里夫妇能保护比沃不受毒品侵害吗？父母必须对所有这些干扰和危险有清醒的认识，但也应该愿意给孩子提供要成为负责任的成年人所需要的自由o这可不是个简单的任务。第 18题：Traditional values become more difficult for younger generation to acceptb e c a u s e.A.teachers set bad examples for studentsB.bad side effects on children from TV and films outweigh thetraditional educationC.parents failed in educating their childrenD.the younger generation can not resist the temptation from all sortsof distractions参考答案：B答案解析：B 电视和电影带给孩子们的负面影响超过传统的教育。推理题。见 3 段 末 2 句。A、C 文中未提。D 虽提到但非原因。第 19题：According to the author,what the parents now most fear for about theirchildren is.A.physical dangers9B.violent TV programsC.enticingD.sex magazines参考答案：A答案解析：A生命危险。细节题。见4段1句。其他3项虽提到，但非最担心的。第20题：Which of the following words can best describe the author，s attitudetowards being a responsible parent?A.FrustratedB.PessimisticC.Wait-and seeD.Positive参考答案：D答案解析：D肯定的。为作者态度题。见末段倒2句。A失望，B宽容，C等着瞧。均非作者态度。第21题：It can be inferred from the passage that parents t o d a y.A.must pay much more attention to their childrens behaviorB.have to strengthen the education on traditional valuesC.have to strike a balance between their need to provide limitationsand their children，s need for freedomD.must prevent their children from all kinds of seductions of thesociety参考答案：c答案解析：c必须在他们给孩子限制的需要和他们孩子对自由的需要之间寻求平衡。为推理题。可由末段最后一句推出。其他各项皆不符文意。如：A须多注意他们孩子的行为B须加强传统价值观的教育D须防止孩子受到社会上各种诱惑第22题:The best title for the passage is.A.Parents Worries TodayB.Challenges for Todays ParentsC.Parents,ResponsibilitiesD.Confusions of Parents Today参考答案：Bio答案解析：B对今天家长的挑战。为主旨题。由最后一段可推出，此为最佳标题。A今日父母的考虑C父母的责任D今日父母的困惑。均指出局部，不全面。That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of anobvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering.Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory.Constant practice has such as effect on memory as to lead to skillfulperformance on the piano,to recitation of a poem,and even to readingand understanding these words.So-called intelligent behavior demandsmemory,remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning.Theability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem existsdepends on memory.Typically,the decision to cross a street is based onremembering many earlier experiences.Practice(or review)tends to build and maintain memory for atask or for any learned material.Over a period of no practice what hasbeen learned tends to be forgotten；and the adaptive consequences may notseem obvious.Yet,dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can seem tobe adaptive.In this sense,the ability to forget can be interpreted tohave survived through a process of natural selection in animals.Indeed,when ones memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to seriousanxiety,forgetting may produce relief.N evertheless,an evolutionaryinterpretation might m