新编大学英语(第三版)综合1_教师用书-答案.pdf

Unit 1 Personal RelationshipsPart 1 Preparation1 Welcoming to Our Group!1 Group WorkGroup work is an important activity students are required to do throughout thesemester.In the activity students can listen to each other and share each othersideas and experiences.Interpersonal relationships will develop during the processof working together.Whats more,working in small groups,say,between 3 and 5,students will have greater opportunities to improve their listening and speakingskills than they can when the whole class works together.In addition,group work can help practice and develop four key skills:problem-solving,decision-making,critical thinking and creative thinking.To involve students in this activity each group should have a group leader to helpthe teacher achieve this goal.Students may change their groups every 5 or 6 weeksso as to be able to know more of their classmates.They may also take turns beinggroup leaders.2 The Procedures of Group DiscussionIn an ideal small group discussion,group members are encouraged to contributetheir personal opinions or knowledge of a particular issue,support those opinions,discuss differences of opinion within the group,and eventually,report to the wholeclass.A small group discussion can be generally divided into the followingprocedures:i Forming GroupsIn the first class of small group discussion,the whole class is divided into severalgroups.How many groups are produced?Are the groups student-selected orteacher-selected?Are they gender-mixed or proficiency-mixed?All these will bedecided according to the practical situation of the class,for example,how manystudents there are in the class,the purpose of the activity and so on.ii InstructionsThe instructions given at the beginning are crucial:If the students do notunderstand exactly what they are to do,they will be confused and a lot of time willlikely be wasted.iii ProcessesThe teachers job during the activity is to go from group to group,monitor,andeither contribute or keep out of the waywhichever is likely to be more helpful.Ifthe teacher does decide to intervene,their contribution may take the form of:providing approval and support,helping students who are having difficulty,and keeping the students using the target language.iv EndingIf the teacher has set a time limit,then this will help terminate the activity if thediscussion is about to finish.v PresentationIf the teacher implicitly leads students to some discussion of the“findings“of thegroups,thenthey may leave enough time for this to take place.Because this progress gives eachgroup a chance to perceive differences and similarities in their work,and it providesmotivation for further group work.As a result,this phase brings the class backtogether as a whole community of learners and even a very short period ofwhole-class discussion reminds students that everyone in the room is a member of ateam of learners.vi FeedbackA feedback session usually takes place at the end of the small group discussion.Feedback on the task may take many forms:presenting a possible solution,evaluating suggestions,or just expressing appreciation of the effort that has beeninvested.Although all participants in a discussion have the responsibility to listen andremember some of the information and contributions,teachers have a specialresponsibility to retain virtually everything said.They must develop the ability torecall at appropriate times what has been said earlier in order to illustrate pointsmade later.3 Teachers Primary Roles in Group Discussioni ParticipantIn small group discussion,teachers need to communicate openly and empathicallywith the students.The teacher opens spaces for students to share and clarifiesunfamiliar ways of thinking.Teachers as participants improve the atmosphere in the class and offer students achance to learn from them.ii FacilitatorTeachers as facilitators encourage students to participate and make suggestionswhen students are confused.They make the discussion easier for their students,andassist them in finding their own ways to success.Teachers,to be facilitators,mustfirst of ail be real and genuine,discarding masks of superiority and omniscience.iii CoordinatorIt is the teachers that keep the discussion process flowing smoothly and efficiently.Teachers must coordinate the activities,leading students toward greatercommunicative ability.iv DirectorJust as the theater director plays a pivotal role in sustaining the fiction of a stagedrama,so does the teacher use the classroom stage to simulate the real world.v Consultant/ResourceObviously,teachers in the classroom are just like a walking resource center andprovide help where necessary.vi OrganizerIf s the teachefs responsibility to help the students to organize the group discussionand discuss with the students what they are going to talk about,make clear aboutwhat their task is,get the activity going,and then organize feedback when it is over.Teachers are responsible for ensuring that group discussion is satisfactorilyorganized at a practical level.STEP ONESampleHello,everyone.Im the leader of Group Beast.You may wonder why our group hassuch a strange name.Let me explain.If the letter a is taken out of“beast，whatword do we have now?Yes,thats best”.So I believe our group will be the best of all.Now lets take“a，s”,and t out of the word“beast”,and we have the word be”,which has exactly the same pronunciation as bee”,a hard-working animal.Thisimplies that all the members in Group Beast are very diligent in their work.Finally,lets take s out of“beast”.What word do the remaining letters make up?Thats“beat”.Well beat all the other groups in the class.So if you want to be the best,if youwant to be the winner,please join Group Beast.STEP THREESample My name is Wang Ling.I am 18.I come from Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.Igraduated from the Fourth Middle School.Hangzhou is a very beautiful city and itsWest Lake is famous all over China.I love my hometown.I have a lot of hobbies,such as playing tennis,basketball,table tennis,and listening tomusic.I hope we can become good friends.My name is Zhang Ping.I come from Harbin,Heilongjiang Province.It took memore than 30 hours to get here by train.I hope I can get used to the climate and foodhere soon.Im a bit shy,and thats why I didnt volunteer to be a group leader.My friends all saythat Im gentle and easy-going but a little lazy.I have many hobbies but reading is mychief hobby.My favorite writer is Charles Dickens.Ive read almost all his works.I hopewe can really be the best”,the winner.2 Developing Personal RelationshipsSample Yes.Im afraid its true.Most of us have had cell-phones and computers since wewere in junior high school or even earlier.They have become an important part in ourlives.We dont have to see each other in person and can reach anyone we want toeasily.When I was a high school student,I used to keep myself in my own room,doing homework.Sometimes I did enjoy myself,listening to music,playing computergames,chatting online or sending text messages to my classmates.We seldom saweach other face to face after school because we didnt have to.Fve been used to thetwo kinds of tools that I feel at a loss when facing people personally.I know its veryimportant to develop personal relationships in society.Hopefully I can learn how to doso during my college years.No,I dont think so.I think computers are just a kind of tool and are used to help uscommunicate with each other when were physically far apart.Fve been using acomputer for a long time and upgraded it when I was a second year student in seniorhigh school.I have quite a few very good friends.They were my high schoolclassmates and we spent a lot of time together after school.Each week we spent atleast one night together,going to the movies,singing at a karaoke bar or just talking atsomeones home.During the long holidays,we wenttraveling together.Now we are in different colleges or universities and still keep intouch with each other.Surely,when were back home,well visit each other and gettogether often.Now Vm a college student and have more opportunities to make newfriends.Tm sure Ill have more friends during the four years here.3 Enjoying a JokeSampleThe womans neighbors disliked her,so they were happy to hear that she was going tomove out.They believed the neighborhood would be a better one after the womanmoved out.Part2 Reading-Centered ActivitiesIn-Class ReadingPre-ReadingSample1 Id like to share anything I have with my best friends.By best friends,I mean those Ican talk to about my feelings,good news,problems or even sufferings.Were able toexchange ideas,suggestions or comments,and help and support each other at any time.We cant have many best friends in our lives.With a couple or so,Ill be the luckiestperson in the world.As to my casual friends,I would give to them what they really need.By“need，I mean those things without which their study,career or health will beaffected seriously.Ill help them when needed because“a friend in need is a friendindeed”.2 I was a blood donor about a year ago.When I was in the hospital a doctor toid me thatmy blood type was hard to find but badly in need.I immediately donated my blood to thehospital.Sure,it would be used by a stranger,but I was happy to do so.I also donatedmoney to earthquake victims in Wenchuan,Sichuan Province and other places though Iam not rich.I gave away aii my savings,my pocket money and what I got during theSpring Festival.Besides,Fm willing to share my clothes or food with strangers if theyare really cold or hungry.But I have to be careful not to give anything to liars orswindlers because there9re stories about how strangers may cheat for money or valuables.ExercisesPost-ReadingReading Comprehension1 1A 2 B 3 A 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 C2 1 killed 2 wounded 3 arrived 4 girl 5 badly/seriously6 blood 7 none 8 American 9 type 10 orphans11 French 12 difficulty 13 frightened 14 would 15 cried16 Vietnamese 17 found 18 understand 19 willing 20 friend3 SampleV=Vietnamese nurse H=Heng N=Navy nurseV:Is it hurting,Heng?H:No.V:So why are you crying?Is there anything wrong?H:Im sad that I will have to leave the world.Im a little scared before I die.I dontwant to die,but I dont want my friend to die,either.V:Why do you think you are gong to die?H:The doctor said unless I gave my blood to my friend,she would certainly die.V:You must have misunderstood him.You only have to give some of your blood tothe girl.This wont do any harm to your health.H:Really?Are you sure?V:Yes.Have a good sleep now.When you wake up,Im sure you91 1 be as strong asbefore.V:(to the Navy nurse):He thought he was dying.He misunderstood you.He thoughtyou had asked him to give all his blood to the little girl so that she could live.N:But why would he be willing to do that?V:Heng,the Navy nurse wants to know why you would be willing to give all yourblood to the little girl?H:Shes my friend.Vocabulary1 reply 2 land 3 supplied 4 wound 5 replied 6 signed7 wounded 8 supplies 9 sign 10 balancing 11 land 12 balancerun:1 D 2 A 3 C 4 E 5 F 6 Bmatch:1 D 2 B 3 F 4 C 5 E 6 A1 Insert 2 in the balance 3 requests 4 relief 5 let out6 steady 7 stiff 8 misunderstood 9 limited 1()actionTranslationWhen I knew the details I realized that I should not have lost my temper in the office.I dont/didnt know Bob very well,but we go/went out for an occasional drinktogether.The meeting is supposed to take place on Tuesday,but we have to postpone it/put it off.Our government took action to bring/get all the Chinese in that country back to China.Including weekends,there are only 12 more days to buy Christmas presents/gifts.Without immediate action,many kinds/species of wild animals would die from hunger.Part 3 Further Development1 Grammar ReviewSampleA:Did you hear that Tom failed the English final?He was 1()minutes late for thefinal because he woke up late.B:Thats too bad.But he should have asked his roommate to wake him up.A:Well anyway,he got to the classroom before the listening part finished.But then hefound the batteries for his radio were dead.B:WeB,he should have bought new batteries the day before.A:Yes,very true.He then had to borrow two batteries from his classmate.But whenTom was doing the exam,he found there were many words that were new to him.B:He should have spent more time memorizing new words and phrases before theexam.A:Yes,and then Tom had a splitting headache because he had studied until two in themorning.B:Thats too bad.Bui he really shouldnt have stayed up the nighl before the exam.A:And whats more,Tom was so afraid to fail the final that he peeped at hisneighbors paper.He was caught and would be punished.B:Really?He shouldnt have cheated on the exam.2 Vocabulary Review1 A Though/Although B though C thoughA Both“although”and though“can be used as conjunctions to introduce a subordinateclause of concession(让步状语从句)in which you mention something which contrastswith what you are saying in the main clause.B“Though is sometimes used as an adverb.When used as an adverb,it is not used at thebeginning of a clause.44Although cannot be used as an adverb.C When a clause beginning with“though-ends with a complement or adverb,you canbring the complement or adverb forward to the beginning of the clause.However,when aclause beginning with although“ends with a complement or adverb,you cannot movethe complement or adverb to the beginning of the clause.2 A reply/answer B answer C replyingBoth answer”and reply“can be used as nouns and verbs.With a noun object we usethe verb“answer or“reply to”,e.g.We must answer/reply to these questions assoon as possible.3 A speaks B speak C talking D speak/talkYou say that someone“speaks or can speak”a foreign language.If someone isgiving a speech,you say they are“speaking”.If two or more people are having aconversation,you say that they are talking”.You do not say that they are“speaking”.If you“speak to/talk to“someone,you have a conversation with them.4 A injured/hurt B hurt/injured C wounded/injured D woundsYou can be“wounded“or receive a“wound“from any attack in which a gun or sharpinstrument such as a sword or knife is used.You can be hurt or injured“or receivean injury”,a)when any other weapon such as a heavy stick or bomb is used,b)in anaccident.Both“wound”and injure“are more serious than hurt”.Note that hurt”can be used as an intransitive verb but not wound or injure”,e.g.It hurts when I tryto move my leg.5 A houses B apartment,apartmentsA house“is a building for people to live in and often has more than one level.An“apartment“in American English or a flat in British English refers to a set of roomswithin a larger building,usually on one level.6 A aside B apart C aside/apartBoth aside and apart”can be used as adverbs.Aside“means“away or to the side”.“Apart“means separated by a distance”.The phrase“aside from/apart from meansa)except for,b)in addition to.7 A requests B requested C demanded D demandsBoth“request and demand mean ask for sth.or ask sb.to do sth.Request”ismore formal and stronger than ask(for)”