新视野大学英语第三册课文及原文翻译.pdf

新视野大学英语第三册课文翻译Unitl AMy brother,Jimmy,did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery,leaving himwith brain damage,and two years later I was born.Since then,my life revolved aroundmy brother,s.Accompanying my growing up was always“go out and play and take yourbrother with you”.I couldn,t go anywhere without him,so I urged the neighborhoodkids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后，我出生了.从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。”不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on belt.My father,a saint,simply held the house together with his patience and understanding.I was in charge outside where I administered justice by tracking down the parents ofthe kids who picked on my brother,and telling on them.我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的.我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。我则负责外面的事，找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母，告他们的状，为我哥哥讨回公道。My father and Jimmy were inseparable.They ate breakfast together and on weekdaysdrove off to the navy shipping center every morning where they both worked-Jimmyunloaded color-coded boxes.At night after dinner,they would talk and play games lateinto the evening.They even whistled the same tunes.父亲和吉米形影不离。他们一道吃早饭，平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心，他们都在那里工作，吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。晚饭后，他们一道交谈，玩游戏，直到深夜。他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。So when my father died of a heart attack in 1991,Jimmy was a wreck,beneath his carefuldisguise.He was simply in disbelief.Usually very agreeable,he now quit speakingaltogether and no amount of words could penetrate the vacant expression he wore onhis face.I hired someone to live with him and drive him to work,but no matter howmuch I tried to make things stay the same,even Jimmy grasped that the world he dknown was gone.One day I asked,You miss Dad,don5 t you?”His lips quivered andthen he asked,“What do you think,Margaret?He was my best friend.”Our tears beganflow.所以，父 亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了.有一天，我问他：“你是不是想念爸爸？”他的嘴唇颤抖了几下，然后问我：“你怎么看，玛格丽特？他是我最好的朋友.”接着，我俩都流下了眼泪。My mother died of lung cancer six months later and I alone was left to look after Jimmy.六个月后，母亲因肺癌去世，剩下我一人来照顾吉米。He didn t adjust to going to work without my father right away,so he came and livedwith me in New York City for a while.He went wherever I went and seemed to adjustpretty well.Still,Jimmy longed to live in my parents,house and work at his oldjob and I pledged to help him return.Eventually,I was able to work it out.He haslived there for 11 years now with many different caretakers and blossomed on his own.He has become essential to the neighborhood.When you have any mail to be picked upor your dog needs walking,he is your man.吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着，因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间.我走到哪里他就跟到哪里，他好像适应得很好。但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里，继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。此事最后做成了。如今，他在那里生活了 11年，在许多人的照料下，同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物.如果你有邮件要收，或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人.M y mother was right,of course:It was possible to have a home with room for both his1 imitations and m y ambitions.In fact,caring for someone who loves as deeply andappreciates m y efforts as much as Jimmy does has enriched m y life more than anythingelse ever could have.当然，母亲的话没错：可以有一个家，既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。事实上，关照像吉米这样一个深爱又感激我的人，更加丰富了我的生活，其他任何东西都不能与之相比。This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmy5 s 57th birthday.I had a party for him in m y home in New York,but none of our family could join usbecause travel was difficult and they were s till reckoning with the sheer terror thedisaster had brought.I called on m y faithful friends to help make it a merry and festiveoccasion,ignoring the fact that most of them were emotionally drained and exhausted.Instead of the customary“No gifts,please”,I shouted,“Gifts!Please!”这一点，在9?11灾难后几天更显真切。那天是吉米57岁生日。我在纽约自己的家里为他举办生日宴会，但是我们家的人都没能来参加，因为交通困难，而且灾难带来的恐惧使他们依然心有余悸。我邀请了我的好友，请他们来帮忙把宴会弄得热闹些，增加点欢快气氛，没去理会他们多数人在情感上都有些疲惫这一事实。于是我一反常态，没 说“请不要带礼物”，而是向他们 喊“请带礼物来”。M y friends-people Jimmy had come to know over the years-brought the ideal presents:country music CDs,a sweatshirt,one leather belt with MJ-I-M-M-YW on it,a knittedwool hat and a cowboy costume.The evening led up to the gifts and then the chocolatecake from his favorite bakery,and of course the ceremony wasn t complete withoutthe singing.我的朋友吉米认识他们多年了带来了中意的礼物：乡村音乐CD、一件长袖运动衫、一条 有“吉米”字样的皮带、一顶编织的羊毛帽，还有一套牛仔服。那天晚上，我们先是送礼物,然后是切从他喜欢的面包店里买来的巧克力蛋糕，当然还唱了“生日歌”，否则宴会就不算完整了。A thousand times Jimmy asked,Is it time for the cake yet?”After dinner and thegifts Jimmy could no longer be restrained.He anxiously waited for the candles to belit and then blew them out with one long breath as well all sang“Happy birthday”.Jimmy wasn t satisfied with our effort,though.He jumped up on the chair and stooderect pointing both index fingers into the air to conduct us andyelled,One.more.time!w W e sang with all of the energy left in our souls and whenwe were finished he put both his thumbs up and shouted.That was super!w吉米一次次地问：“该切蛋糕了吧？”等用完餐和送完礼物后，吉米再也控制不住了。他焦急地等着点上蜡烛，然后在我们“生日快乐”的歌声中，一口长气吹灭了蜡烛。户然而吉米对我们的努力还是感到不满足。他纵身跳到椅子上，直挺着身子，双手食指朝天，一边喊一边指挥我们唱歌：“再来次！我们全力以赴地唱。待我们唱完时，他翘起两个拇指喊道：“好极了！”We had wanted to let him know that no matter how difficult things got in the world,there would always be people who cared about him.We ended up reminding ourselvesinstead.For Jimmy,the love with which we sang was a welcome bonus,but mostly hehad just wanted to see everyone else happy again.本来我们想让他知道，无论世上有多难的事情，总是有人来关心他.现在反倒是提醒了我们自己.对于吉米来说，我们唱歌时的爱心，是他心中额外的礼物，但是他原先更想看到的，是别人再次感到快乐.Just as my father,s death had changed Jimmy s world overnight,September 11th changedour lives;the world we d known was gone.But,as we sang for Jimmy and held eachtight afterward praying for peace around the world,we were reminded that the constantlove and support of our friends and family would get us through whatever life mightpresent.The simplicity with which Jimmy had reconciled everything for us should nothave been surprising.There had never been limitations to what Jimmy s love couldaccomplish.有如父亲的去世一夜之间改变了吉米的世界，9?11也改变了我们的生活；我们熟悉的世界不复存在了。但是，当我们为吉米唱歌，相互紧拥，祈祷全球和平时，我们也意识到，朋友、家人间永恒的爱和支持可以让我们克服生活中的任何困难。吉米以朴素的方式为我们协调了眼前的一切，他做到这一点并不令人吃惊。吉米的爱可以征服一切，这是任何东西都限制不了的。Unit2 ASports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes,particularly females,frequently have iron deficiencies.Now a new study by a teamof Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead toreduced iron in the blood of women.运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderateexercise showed evidence of iron loss,says Roseanne M.Lyle,associate professorat Purdue.Her study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three timesa week for six months was published in the journal Medicine&Science in Sports&Exercise.“我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降的迹象，”普渡大学罗斯安妮?M.莱尔副教授说。她 对62名妇女进行了研究，并将研究结果发表在 体育运动医学与科学杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开始了为期6个月、每 周3次的锻炼。Women who consumed additional meat or took iron supplements were able to bounceback,she notes.But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed adecrease in iron levels.莱尔指出：“那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”Iron deficiency is very common among women in general,affecting one in four femaleteenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45,respectively.But the ratio is evengreater among active women,affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes.This means,Lyle says,that too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in”;.Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk,since their monthly bleeding is amajor source of iron loss.Plus,many health-conscious women increase their risk byrejecting red meat,which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron.And becausewomen often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight,they may not consumeenough iron-rich food,and are liable to experience a deficiency.缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例则高达80%。莱尔说，这 意 味 着“太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量”,育 龄 女 性 危 险 最 大，因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。The average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance foriron,notes another expert.For a woman who already has a poor iron status,anyadditional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a moreserious deficiency,n notes the expert.另一名专家指出，“普通女性每天摄入的铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。”他指出，“对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。”运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流失。Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms.Some iron is lostin sweat,and,for unknown reasons,intense endurance exercise is sometimes associatedwith bleeding of the digestive system.Athletes in high-impact sports such as runningmay also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leakblood.有些铁随汗液流失。另外，由于某些未知的原因，高强度的耐力运动有时会引起消化系统内出血。运动员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动，也可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使铁质流失。There are three stages of iron deficiency.The first and most common is having lowiron reserves,a condition that typically has no symptoms.Fatigue and poor performancemay begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency,when not enough iron is presentto form the molecules of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles.In the third and final stage,people often feel weak,tired,and out of breath-andexercise performance is severely compromised.缺铁分为三个阶段：第一也即最常见的阶段，是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症状.到了缺铁的第二阶段，就会出现疲倦和力不从心，此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋白分子,将氧输至运动肌肉.在第三即最后阶段，人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气，运动成绩大打折扣。People think that if they7 re not at the third stage,nothing is wrong,but thatsnot true,n says John L.Beard,who helped design the Purdue study.Youre not stage3 until your iron reserves go to zero,and if you wait until that point,youre introuble.“人们认为，只要不到第三阶段就不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。”帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰?L比尔德说。“只有当你的铁储量为零时，你才会进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候，你的麻烦就大了。”However,most people with low iron reserves dont know they have a deficiency,becausetraditional methods of calculating the amount of iron in blood(by checking levelsof the blood protein that transports oxygen)are not sufficient,Beard states.Instead,it/s important to check levels of a different compound,which indicates the amountof storage of iron in the blood.While active,child-bearing age women are most likelyto have low iron stores,he notes,Men are not safe,especially if they dont eatmeat and have a high level of physical activity.n(An estimated 15 percent of malelong distance runners have low iron stores.)Beard and other experts say its advisablefor people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.然而，比尔德指出，大多数铁质储量低的人并未意识到自己缺铁，因为传统的检测血液中铁含量的方法检验血液中输送氧气的血蛋白的含量是不够的。其实，有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量，它可以显示血液中的铁含量。他还指出，虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可能铁含量低，“但男性也并非不缺铁，尤其是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度的体力活动的情况下。”(估计有15%的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。)比尔德和其他专家都说，对这些人而言，最好每年验一次血，以测定血液中的铁含量。If iron levels are low,talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should becorrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements.In general,its betterto undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet,because iron supplementscan have serious shortcomings.Supplements may produce a feeling of wanting to throwup,and may be poisonous in some cases.The best sources of iron,and the only sourcesof the form of iron most readily absorbed by the body,are meat,chicken,and fish.Good sources of other forms of iron include dates,beans,and some leafy greenvegetables.如果铁含量低，就要去看医生，以确定是否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。一般说来，解决问题的最好方法是在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物，因为铁质补剂可能存在严重缺陷。“服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐，有时甚至还会引起中毒。最好的铁来源，以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁来源，是肉、鸡和鱼。其他较好的铁质来源包括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。”Select breads and cereals with the words iron-added on the label,H writes sportsdiet expert Nancy Clark.This added iron supplements the small amount that naturallyoccurs in grains.Eat these foods with plentiful Vitamin C (for example,drink orangejuice with cereal or put a tomato on a sandwich)to enhance the amount of iron absorbed.1 1Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans,as food can derive iron from the pan duringthe cooking process.The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for threehours showed a striking increase,the level going up nearly 30 times,n she writes.And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee or tea withmeals,she says,since substances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbedinto the body.“选择那些标有 加铁字样的面包和麦片，”运动营养专家南希?克拉克写道，“这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含铁量的不足。将这些食物与含有大量维生素C的食物一起食用比如吃麦片时喝橘子汁，或在三明治内夹上番茄可以促进铁质吸收。”克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食，因为烹调过程中食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。她写道，“在铁锅内烹煮了3个小时的番茄汁，其铁含量大大提高，增加到原来的30倍左右.”她说，铁含量可能低的人，吃饭时应避免喝咖啡或饮茶，因为这些饮料中所含的物质会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收.Active women need to be a lot more careful about their food choices,sums up PurduesLyle.If you pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are gone,you canremedy the deficiency before it really becomes a problem.“运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。”普渡大学的莱尔总结说：“如果你在铁含量流失之前就注意到了警告信号，你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补铁质的不足。”Unit5 AI have never seen Mrs.Clark before,but I know from her medical chart and the reportI received from the preceding shift that tonight she will die.我从未见过克拉克夫人，但看过她的医疗记录和上一位值班医生交给我的报告后，我知道她今晚会去世。The only light in her room is coming from a piece of medical equipment,which is flashingits red light as if in warning.As I stand there,the smell hits my nose,and I closemy eyes as I remember the smell of decay from past experience.In my mouth I have asour,vinegar taste coming from the pit of my stomach.I reach for the light switch,and as it silently lights the scene,I return to the bed to observe the patient withan unemotional,medical eye.她屋里唯一的光线来自一台医疗设备，它闪着红光，似乎在发出警告。我站在那里，一股怪味刺激着我的鼻子，我想起了过去闻到过的腐烂的气味，我闭上了眼睛。我嘴里有一股从胃里返上来的酸味。我伸手去开灯。灯静静地照亮了整个病房，我走回病床边，用无动于衷的、医生的目光观察着病人。Mrs.Clark is dying.She lies motionless:the head seems unusually large on a skeletonbody;the skin is dark yellow and hangs loosely around exaggerated bones that not evena blanket can hide;the right arm lies straight out at the side,taped cruelly to aboard to secure a needle so that fluid may drip in;the left arm is across the sunkenchest,which rises and falls with the uneven breaths.克拉克夫人已奄奄一息了。她一动不动地躺着：骨瘦如柴的身体使她的头显得特别大；皮肤呈暗黄色，松松地裹在嶙峋的、连毛毯也遮掩不住的骨骼上；她的右臂平伸在床边，被无情地用胶带固定在一块板上，以便能固定针头使液体滴入；左臂横放在深陷的胸部，胸口随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。I reach for the long,thin fingers that are lying on the chest.They are ice cold,and I quickly move to the wrist and feel for the faint pulse.Mrs.Clark7 s eyes opensomewhat as her head turns toward me slightly.I bend close to her and scarcely hearas she whispers,Water.1 1 Taking a glass of water from the table,I put my finger overthe end of the straw and allow a few drops of the cool moisture to slide into her mouthand ease her thirst.She makes no attempt to swallow;there is just not enoughstrength.More,n the dry voice says,and we repeat the procedure.This time she doesmanage to swallow some liquid and weakly says,Thank,you.我伸手去触摸她放在胸口的细长手指。冰凉冰凉的。我忙将手移到她的手腕，去感觉那微弱的脉搏。克拉克夫人将头稍稍转向我,微微地睁开眼。我俯过身去，勉强听见她微弱的声音：“水我从桌上拿起一杯水，用手指封着吸管的一端，滴了几滴凉凉的水到她的嘴里，以缓解她的干渴。她没有用力去吞咽，因为力气不够。“还要，”那干涩的声音说。于是我们又重复了一次。这次她终于咽了 一些