自考0522英语国家概况基础班练习题全(十)自考英语练习基础试题练习题.pdf

（答案解析）一、综合题。1.Who was the only writer in colonial period whose works are still read today?2.In what way does Whitman differ from Dickinson?3.In what way is Theodore Dreiser important in American Literature?4.Why is Hemingway considered an important writer in the 20th century?5.What is the Harlem Renaissance?6.What was the Rock and Roll music?7.What was the Jazz music?8.Why is there a Martin Luther King s Day?9.Why do American people love President Lincoln?10.Why should people celebrate Washington,s birthday?11.What are the similarities and differences between Memorial Day and theVeteranJ s Day?12.Why do Americans celebrate Independence Day(July 4)?13.What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day(Fourth Thursday of November)?14.What kind of holiday is the Valentine s Day(February 14)?答案部分一、综合题。1.【正确答案】Benjamin Franklin was the only writer in the colonial period whoseworks are read today“Lost time is never found again God helps those whohelp themselves“are very famous saying in his Poor Richard s Almanac.2.【正确答案】There is great difference between Whitman and Dickinson.WaltWhitman was brought up in a working class family.He tried at a variety of jobsand picked up a first-hand knowledge of his and people in the new world.WaltWhitman,s masterpiece is Leaves of Grass,in which he praised the ideas ofequality and democracy and celebrated the dignity,the self-reliant spirit andthe joy of the common man.Emily Dickson was born and lived a quiet,very privatelife in a big old house.Because she was cut off from the outside world,she wasable to create a very personal and pure kind of poetry.Death was one of thegreat themes of her work and she seldom lost sight of the grave.Dickinson rejectedher family s old fashioned religion,and made the usearch for faith“anotherone of her great themes of her work.3.【正确答案】Dreiser was representative of American naturalism.Sister Carrieis Theodore Dreiser s first novel,which traces the material rise of CarrieMeeber and the tragic decline of Hurstwood.Dreiser is also famous for his Trilogyof Desire(The Financier,The Titan,and The Stoic),and An American Tragedy,which is considered to be his best.4.【正确答案】Ernest Hemingway was one of the most important American writer inthe 20th century,and was the spokesman of the Lost Generation.The LostGeneration were young intellectuals who became disappointed and bitter afterWorld War I.Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954.Hisfirst important novel wad The Sun Also Rises,which describes young people inthe post-war era.Hemingway wrote a lot of other novels.A Farewell to Arms andFor Whom the Bell Tolls are two novels about the First and the Second World War.In his Old Man and the Sea,which is considered by many critics as hisrepresentative work,Hemingway praises the old fisherman,s attitude towarddefeat and failure and thinks that to face courageously and not to take defeatlying down is an admirable quality of man.Hemingway is also famous for his simplestyle and carefully structuring of his fiction.He uses very short and simplesentences and only rarely does he use adjectives.5.【正确答案】In the 1920s,black literature developed into an upsurge which hascome to be known as the Harlem Renaissance.Harlem is the northeastern part ofNew York City where black writers from the south came and wrote freely what theywanted to say without having to suffer any oppression by the white.They managedto build a battle literature which reflects the feeling,the experience,thehistory and the ambition of the black people.Langston Hughes and Richard Wrightwere the major figures of those black writers.6.【正确答案】Rock music is a type of popular music marked by a steady beat andmuch rhythmic emphasis.The beginning of Rock can be traced to the mid-1950,swhen white American teenagers became interested in rhythm-and blues,a type ofpopular music emphasizing rhythm and beat,played by black American musiciansfor black audiences.By the early 1960s Rock and Roll had become the standardform of popular music for teenagers.7.（正确答案】Jazz began in the early 20th century as a music of black Americans.It was intended for singing,for dancing and for entertainment and atmosphereat parties or social gatherings.Jazz represents a blending of musical elementsfrom Africa and from Europe.Jazz uses some European ideas of harmony and melody,but the rhythms are more African in origin.8.【iE确答案】Martin Luther King was a black minister,who became a great leaderof the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s.When he was young,he wasstrongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahama Gandhi s idea ofnon-violence resistance.After graduation from Boston University with a Ph.Ddegree,he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil rightsmovement in 1955.On August 28,1963 he led over 250,000 Americans on a marchin Washington D.C to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality forall people,and delivered his best-known speech“I Have a Dream“before theLincoln Memorial.The“dream“is a dream of fraternal love and equality forblack and white.Thus he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964.Thoughhe was murdered,he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans,both whiteand black.By vote of Congress in 1968,the third Monday of every January is nowa federal holiday in Martin Luther King s honor.9.【正确答案】Abraham Lincoln is one of Americas most admired presidents.Heis truly a great hero,a man who lived out the American Dream that one can risefrom the log house to the White House through honesty and hard work.Lincoln ledthe country during the difficult time of Civil War.Lincoln issued theEmancipation Proclamation,which officially freed all slaves in the UnitedStates.After the North led by him finally won the war and saved the Union,hewas murdered.In order to remember the great president,Lincoln Memorial wasbuilt in Washington D.C.10.【正确答案】George Washington is remembered as a great general,as one of thefounders of the Republic,as the first President of the United States of America,and also as the uFather of his C o u n t r y.When the war between England and theAmerican colonies broke out in 1774,Washington led the Continental Army to fightagainst the British troops though there were many difficulties.Finally theAmericans won the Independence War and a new nation was born.Thus Washingtonwas chosen to be the first President.Americans remember Washington as a man whothroughout his life always tried to do his best whatever his tasks were.In orderto remember the First President,the tall white Washington Monument was builtin the capital as a national memorial.As a legal holiday,Washington s birthdayis generally celebrated by public ceremonies.11.【正确答案】Americans celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday in May.It isa day to honor the memory of those who have given their lives for their country.A grand ceremony is always held at the Tombs of the Unknown Soldier in ArlingtonNational Cemetery near Washington D.C,where may war heroes are buried.It isalso a time for people to visit and decorate the graves of their families andfriends on this day.VeteransJ Day,which was called the Armistice Day before,originally celebratedthe signing of the 1918 Armistice.Now it honors the memory of all men who haveever fought in defense of the country.Before World War II,it was customary foreach community to hold veteransJ parades and public ceremonies.But now peoplespend the day quietly at home and keep two minutes of silence at 11 o9 clock,hoping that future wars will be avoided forever and that people will live in apeaceful,friendly world.Those families who have lost sons and daughters inwar often attend memorial services this day.12.【正确答案】Independence Day is a legal holiday throughout the United States.It is America s most important patriotic holiday,the birthday of the nation.On July 4,1776 the Continental Congress passed and adopted the Declaration ofIndependence,which cut the tie with Britain and established a new nation.TheAmerican people led by George Washington fought a fierce war with Britain andwon the war.Now the Independence Day is celebrated in all the states.The armymarks the occasion by firing a thirteen-gun salute every year.In WashingtonD.C,the President traditionally holds large national banquets.American flagsfly on top of house and public buildings.Wherever the Americans go in the world,they get together to celebrated their national day,both to show their respectfor the country and to keep it as a part of their tradition.13.（正确答案】Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday.It is an annual dayof thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year.The theme ofthanksgiving has always been peace and plenty,health and happiness.It is historical,national and religious holiday that began with the Pilgrims.In September 1620,some Puritans began to sail to the New World on the ship calledMayflower.The first winter in which they got to Plymouth was terribly cold andhalf of them survived.The next year,with the help of the native Indians,theyreaped a good harvest in the fall.Thus they invited Indians to have a big feastoutdoors to thank God for his love and mercy.After that,Thanksgiving Days werecelebrated irregularly.The first National Thanksgiving Day was set on November26,1789 by George Washington in his inauguration.In 1864,President Lincolnappointed the last Thursday of November to be the day.And the Congress declaredthe fourth Thursday in November to be a national day in 1941.14.【iE确答案】Valentine,s Day is a day for lovers,and one of the loveliestholidays in the United States.There are various stories about the origin ofValentine,s Day.One story tells that the birds select their mates on February14th.Another story says that a Roman Emperor ordered the killing of a Romanpriest Valentinus on February 14,269 A.D because he Valentinus secretly marriedmany young couples against the king s order.It is very popular to send card decorated with hearts and flowers to express love.Today many Americans like to exchange humorous cards with husbands,wives,mothers,sons,daughters,relatives and real friends etc.Sometimes they puttheir love messages in a heart-shaped box of chocolate tied with red ribbons.Many couples arrange romantic dinners by candle light for this occasion.