职称英语-职称英语理工类a级模拟61.pdf
职称英语理工类A级模拟61第1部分：词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1 Such subj e c ts a re n o t w ith in th e scope o f th is b o o k.A room B.ran g eC.c o n te n t D.know ledge2、The c a r is te s te d fo r defects b e fo re le a v in g th e fa c to ry.A.fu n c tio n sC.p a r tsB.m otionsD.f a u lts8、3、When th e tr e ef a l l s,th e monkeys scatter.A.d is p e rs eB ru nC.c ryD drop4、T h is ta b le iss tro n gand durable.A.e te r n a lB.fa r-re a c h in gC.te rm in a lD.lo n g-la s tin g5、I t was advisablefo r yoti n o t to m entionth a t.A.p o s s ib leB.p r o f ita b leC,easyD.s e n s ib le6、You startled me when yoush o u te d.A.frig h te n e dB.th re a te n e dC.in te r r u p te dD.tro u b le d7、The once barren h i l l s i d e s a re now goodfa rm la n d.A.em ptyB.b a reC.h a ir le s sD.b a ldOur arran g em en ts w ere throw n in to co m p lete turmoil.A.f a ilu r e B.doubtC.r e l i e f D.c o n fu sio n9、A lo c a l h y p n o tis tA.w illin g lyC.q u ic k ly（催眠师）o ffe re d h is s e r v ic e s,and E dgar readily a c c e p te d.B.su d d en lyD.firm ly10 Many s c i e n t i s t sA.s o lv in gC.e x p lo rin ghave been probing p s y c h o lo g ic a l p ro b le m s.B.s e t t l i n gD.h a n d lin g11 IA.C.was im p ressed by th e wayarg u edannouncehe formulated h is id e a s.B.s ta te dD.in v e n te d12 He demolished my argum ent in m in u te s.A.su p p o rte dC.a c c e p te dB.d is p u te dD.d isp ro v e d13 You m ust be t i r e d,b u tt r y to hang on t i l l a l l th e w o rk1s fin is h e dA.s to p w orkingB,keep w orkingC.w aitD.r e s t14、He is renowned for his skill.A.remembered B.recommendedC.well-known D.praised15 A failure to consolidate their cooperation would damage both nations.A.demote B.raiseC.strengthen D.promote第2部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Radioactive WastesOne of the major problems of nuclear energy is the inability of scientiststo discover a safe way to dispose of the radioactive wastes which occur throughoutthe nuclear process.Many of these wastes remain dangerously active for tensof thousands of yearsz while others have a life span closer to a quarter ofa million years.Various methods have been used to date,but all have revealedweaknessesz forcing scientists to continue their search.The nuclear process involves several stages,with the danger ofradioactivity constantly present.Fuel for nuclear reactors comes from uraniumore（铀矿石），which,when mined,spontaneously produces radioactive substancesas by-products.This characteristic of uranium ore went undetected for a longtime,resulting in the deaths,due to cancer,of hundreds of uranium miners.The United States attempted to bury much of its radioactive waste materialin containers made of steel covered in concrete and capable of holding a milliongallons.For a long time it was believed that the nuclear waste problem hadbeen solved,until some of these tanks leaked,allowing the radioactive wastesto seep into the environment.Canada presently stores its nuclear waste inunderwater tanks,with the long-term effects largely unknown.However,plans are under consideration for above-ground storage of spentfuel from reactors.These plans include the building of three vast concretecontainers,which would be two stories high and approximately the length andwidth of two football fields.Other suggestions include enclosing the wastein glass blocks and storing them in underground caverns,or placing hotcontainers in the Antarctic region,where they would melt the ice,therebysinking down about a mile.This idea has since been abandoned because of thepossible adverse effect on the ice sheets.16、Many radioactive wastes which occur throughout the nuclear process aredangerous for only decades.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17 When uranium ore is mined,dangerous by-products are produced.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18 Britain stores its nuclear waste in modern buildings of concrete.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19、In Canada,the long-term effects of its nuclear waste in underwater tanksremain unknown.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20、The idea of placing hot containers of nuclear waste in the Antarctic regionhas been adopted.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned21 People had known the characteristic of uranium ore before the deaths ofhundreds of uranium miners were found.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned22、Scientists have already found good ways to deal with the radioactive wastes.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2项测试任务：第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Messages from the Media1 The weather forecast,a story about the candidates in an election,andmovie reviews are examples of messages from the media.A communication medium,of which the plural（复数的）form is media,is a means of communicating a message.Examples of media are television,radio,newspapers and books and the telephone.The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media.2 It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through themass media.Every day we get hundreds of them.Think about advertisementszfor example.We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we g o.Advertisements are important messages,even though they are sometimes annoying.They help us compare and evaluate products.3 Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom.Think,for a moment z about how you learn about local news and events.Do youdepend on other people or the media?What about international news?What isthe most important source of information for you?People who are asked thisquestion usually answer,Television.n4 Think of all the messages you received today.Perhaps you read a newspaperduring breakfastz or maybe you read advertisements on billboards（露天广告牌）on your way to school.Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sportsnews on the radio this morning?Right now you are getting information througha very important medium of mass communicationa book.5 We use the information we get from radio,television,newspapers,andother media to make decisions and form opinions.That is why the mass mediaare so important.Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide howto vote,consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our moneyzand international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions aboutquestions of war and peace.23、Paragraph 2A.Importance of classroom learningB.Televisiona rich source of informationC.Advertisements as important messages from the mass mediaD.Various messages one may receive each dayE.Mediameans to communicate messagesF.Importance of the mass media24、Paragraph 325 Paragraph 426 Paragraph 527、Each day we get a lot of messages from.A.sports newsB.our decisions and opinionsC.mass communicationD.our messagesE.source of informationF.the mass media28 Television,radio and books are all important media of.29、For most people television is the most important.30 The mass media are important to us because they shape.第4部分：阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。弟 扁The American IndustryA history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap(阻碍),but z if properly handled,it may become a driving force.When the UnitedStates entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second WorldWar,it had a market eight times larger than any compe t i tor,giving its industriesunparalleled economies of scale.Its scientists were the world*s best z itsworkers the most skilled.America and Americans were prosperous beyond thedreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countriesgrew richer.Just as inevitably,the retreat from predominance proved painful.By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fadingindustrial competitiveness.Some huge American industriesz such as consumerelectronics,had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.By1987 there was only one American television maker left,Zenith.(Now thereis none：Zenith was bought by South Korea*s LG Electronics in July.)Foreign-madecars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market.America*s machine-toolindustry was on the ropes.For a while it looked as though the making ofsemiconductors,which America had sat at the heart of the new computer age zwas going to be the next casualty.All of this caused a crisis of confidence.Americans stopped takingprosperity for granted.They began to believe that their way of doing businesswas failing,and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fallas well.The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes ofAmerica*s industrial decline.Their sometimes sensational findings were filledwith warnings about the growing competition from overseas.How things have changed!In 1995 the United States can look back on fiveyears of solid growth while Japan has been struggling.Few Americans attributethis solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning ofthe business cycle.Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.American industryhas changed its structure,has gone on a diet,and has learnt to be morequick-witted,according to Richard Cavanagh,executive dean of Harvard1sKennedy School of Government.It makes me proud to be an American just tosee how our businesses are improving their productivity,n says Stephen Mooreof the Cato Institute,a think-tank in Washington,D.C.And William Sahlmanof the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on thisperiod as a golden age of business management in the United States.31 The U.S.achieved its predominance after World War I I because.A.it had made painstaking efforts towards this goalB.its domestic market was eight times larger than beforeC.the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitorsD.the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy32 The loss of U.S.predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifestedin the fact that the American _.A.TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic marketB.semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprisesC.machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actionsD.auto industry had lost part of its domestic market33、What can be inferred from the passage?A.It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.B.Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.C.The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.D.A long history of success may pave the way for further development.34、The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S.economy in the 1900scan be attributed to the _.A.turning of the business cycleB.restructuring of industryC.improved business managementD.success in education35、What does the American industry has gone on a diet in Paragraph 4 mean?A.B.C.D.Employees inThe AmericanThe AmericanThe Americanthe Americanindustry hasindustry hasindustry hasindustry-are on a diet.reduced redundant staff.shrunk.been made more efficient.卯 一 桶Stage FrightFall down as you come onstage.That1 s an odd trick.Not recommended.Butit saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow.The veteran cellist（大提琴演奏家）Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposelyto cure him of pre-performance panic.M r.Feltsman said,All my fright wasgone.I already fell.What else could happen?nToday,music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes thatdeal with performance techniques and career preparation.There are a varietyof strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms：icy fingers,shaky limbs,racing heart,blank mind.Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice,from basics likelearning pieces inside out,to mental discipline,such as visualizing aperformance and taking steps to relax.D o n11 deny that you*re j ittery（紧张不安的）,they urge；some excitement is naturalz even necessary for dynamicplaying.And play in public often,simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the momentsbefore performance,Take two deep abdominal breathsz open up your shoulders,then smile,H she says.And not one of these 1 please don*t kill me 1 smiles.Then choose three friendly faces in the audience z people you would communicatewith and make music to,and make eye contact with them.She doesn*t wantperformers to think of the audience as a judge.Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay,a well-known violin teacher.She tells other teachersto demand only what their students are able to achieve.When Lynn Harrell was 20,he became the principal cellist of the CleverlandOrchestra,and he suffered extreme stage fright.There were times when Igot so nervous.I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to thethrobbing.It was just total panic.I came to a point where I thought,1 IfI have to go through this to play music z I think I*m going to look for anotherjob.*H Recovery,he said,involved developing humi1ity-recognizing thatwhatever his talentz he was fallible,and that an imperfect concert was nota disaster.It is not only young artists who suffer,of course.The legendary pianistVladimir Horowitz1s nerves were famous.The great tenor Franco Corelli isanother example.HThey had to push him on stage,Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.Actually,success can make things worse.in the beginning of your career,when y o u1 re scared to death,nobody knows who you are,and they don*t haveany expectations,1 1 Soprano June Anderson said.There 1 s less to lose.Lateron,when you*re known,people are coming to see you,and they have certainexpectations.You have a lot to lose.nAnderson added,I never stop being nervous until I*ve sung my last note.H36、How many signs of stage fright are mentioned in the second paragraph?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.37、Which of the following is suggested by the experts?A.You should deny you are j ittery.B.Smile before performance.C.Keep your excitement all the time.D.Think of the audience as a j udge.38 Lynn Harrell is a.A.musicianB,parentC.teacherD.pianist39、According to the passage,what can be included?A.Actors and actress should say please d o n11 kill m e”to the audience.B.Extreme demands are the main reasons for stage fright.C.Only young artists suffer stage fright.D.When you are successful z you can get rid of stage fright completely.40、The passage was written to.A.introduce some famous peopleB.give some advice for playing musicC.offer some information about stage frightD.argue that stage fright is necessary加 板Controlling Robots with the MindBelle,our tiny monkey,was seated in her special chair inside a chamberat our Duke University lab.Her right hand grasped a joystick（操纵杆）as shewatched a horizontal series of lights on a display panel（显示面板）.She knewthat if a light suddenly shone and she moved the joystick left or right tocorrespond to its position,she would be sent a drop of fruit juice into hermouth.Belle wore a cap glued to her head.Under it were four plastic connectors,w
