英语九年级下册冀教版Lesson37教材内容详细解析.pdf

英语九下冀教版Lesson 37教材内容详细解析Lesson 37 The Fox and the Stork狐狸和鹳 课文英汉对照THINK ABOUT IT!想一想！Do you know any stories with animals as characters?What are they?你知道讲述动物特征的故事吗？他们是什么？Have you ever been called rude?When and why?你曾经被认为“无礼”吗？什么时候和为什么？What foods do the stork and the fox struggle to eat?鹳和狐狸努力吃什么食物？图片译文At Dannys dinner,Jenny and I didnt like the food.In this story,the food is fine,but在丹尼的晚餐上，詹妮和我都不喜欢他准备的食物。在这个故事中，食物很好，但是，something else is wrong.别的事情不对。图片译文This story comes from an ancient Greek story by Aesop left many stories.Most of them areabout它来源于伊索创作的一个古希腊的故事，伊索留下了许多故事，大部分是我们所了解的动物，animals,from which you can learn about the society.通过这些故事你可以了解社会。One day,a fox met a stork.The stork was different from other animals that the fox had met.一天，一只狐狸遇见了一只鹳。这只鹳与狐狸遇见的其他动物不一样。He thought she was wonderful.他认为她太美了。“Would you like to have dinner with me?the fox asked.“愿意与我一起共进晚餐吗？狐狸问。“Yes.Its very kind of you.When shall I come?5 the stork replied.“愿意，你真好。我什么时候来吃晚餐呢？鹳回答道。“Please come tomorrow night,“the fox said.“明晚来吧”狐狸说。The next day,the fox made some delicious soup.When the stork arrived,she was very第二天，狐狸煲了可口的汤。鹳来到时，她已经很饿了。hungry.“Are you ready for dinner?asked the fox.“你准备好吃晚餐了吗？狐狸问。“Certainly,“said the stork,who was doing her best to be polite.“当然啦”鹳尽量客气地说。The box brought the soup in large,flat bowls.He put the bowls on the table.The fox ate his soup狐狸用大而平底的碗盛汤。他把碗放在桌上。狐狸很快把汤喝了。quickly.The stork,though,I could not eat her soup at all.Her beak was too long for the flatbowl.然而，鹳却一点汤也喝不着。他的喙对于面前的平底碗来说太长了。“Would you like some more soup?”Ihe fox asked.“你想再加点汤吗？狐狸问。“Thank you.Ive had enough,the stork answered,politely but sadly.“谢谢，我已经够了”鹳客气而又伤心地回答。“Dont you like soup?the fox asked,surprised.“你不喜欢汤？狐狸惊讶地问。tcYes,I love soup,“said the stork.“是的，我喜爱汤”鹳说。“Thats strange!Youve hardly eaten anything!,?said the fox.Well,Im still hungry.,And very“那就怪了！你几乎一点也没有喝！”狐狸说。“好了，我还是没有吃饱”并且rudely,he ate another bowl of soup.非常粗鲁地喝了另一碗汤。Finally,the stork said,fox,thank you for cooking this delicious meal.Please come to my home最后，鹳说：“狐狸，谢谢你做了可口的饭！明晚到我家来吧，tomorrow,and I will cook a meal for you.我做饭给你吃“Fine!”said the fox.He felt happy.“太好了！”狐狸说，他感到很高兴。The next day,the fox went to the storks house.The stork had made some delicious noodles.The第二天，狐狸到鹳的家去。鹳已经做了可口的面条。fox could smell them as he came into her house.狐狸一走进鹳的家就闻到香气。“Would you like something to drink?the stork asked the fox.I have made some nice,hot tea.”“你想要点喝的吗？“鹳问狐狸。“我已经泡好的美味的热茶JThe fox,who didnt like tea,said,“Just a little,please.,He was doing his best to be polite.狐狸不喜欢喝茶，他尽量礼貌地说：“只要一点。”The stork brought the tea.The noodles are almost ready,“she said.I will bring them.鹳端来了茶。“面条几乎准备熟了，我去端给你。”鹳说。The stork fetched two tall,thin jars.Here are your noodles/5 she said.鹳拿来两个高而细的罐子。“这是给你的面条”她说。The stork stuck her long beak into her jar and ate happily.The fox,though,couldnt eat any鹳把他的长喙插进罐里高兴地吃着。然而，狐狸根本就吃不到一点面条。noodles at all.His nose was too short fbr the jar.He could only smell the delicious food,down at对那个罐子来说，他的鼻子太短了。他只能闻闻罐底的美味面条。the bottom.Finally,the stork spoke.641 know you are hungry,fox.But I am not sorry,“she said.When I最后，鹳说，“我知道你饿了，狐狸。但是我不感觉对不起”她说。“当我came to your house last night,you did not make me welcome.You didnt regard me as a guest.I昨晚去你家时，你没有让我受到欢迎。你没有把我当客人看。was polite,but you were not.”我是礼貌的，但是你不。”“Stork,I am sorry.I didnt realize that my ways were not your ways.The fox felt bad.“对不起，鹳。我 没 有 意 识 到 你 的 方 式 和 我 不 一 样 狐 狸 感 觉 很 糟。“Thats okay,the stork said.We can still be friends.But from now on,lets help each other.”“那好吧，我们仍然可以是朋友。但是从现在开始，让我们相互帮助吧。鹳 说。promise!said the fox.May I please have a plate now?These noodles smell wonderful.“我同意！”狐狸说。“现在我可以要一个盘子吗？这些面条闻起来太可口了！”“Certainly,“said the stork.“当然可以 鹳说。重点难点详解I.Do you know any stories with animals as characters?你知道讲述动物特征的故事吗？(1)w ith在句中意为“拥有，具有“，它用来说明前面的名词，表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质。China is a country with a long history.中国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家。They live in a hose with a big garden and a small pool.他们住在一座拥有一个大花园和一个小游泳池的房子里。(2)as在句中意为“像，诸如”，用于举例说明。She likes such animals as cats and dogs,她喜欢猫，狗之类的动物。W e have many language books as Chinese,French and English.我们有许多像汉语，法语和英语之类的语言书籍。(3)character在句中意为“特征，特性，个性H e has a strong but gentle character.他有坚强但温柔的性格。The new buildings have changed the character of the village.新建筑改变 了这个村庄的特点。2.Have you ever been called 4rude,7 你曾经被认为 无礼吗?(1)此句是现在完成时态的被动语态，现在完成时态的被动语态的结构是：have/has+been+动词的过去分词，当主语是第一，二人称和复数时，助动词用h av e,当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用has；否定句直接在have/h a s后加not；疑问句直接将助动词have/has提前。Two windows have been broken.两个窗子被打破了。The car has not been repaired.这辆汽车还没有修好。Has her work been finished?Yes,it has.她的工作完成了吗？是的，完成了。（2）现在完成时被动语态的主要用法1）表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。The door has been locked.门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）His bike has been stolen.他的自行车被偷了。（结果是找不到自行车了）2）表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long？句型中。They have been told about it for many tim es.有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们）How long has the machine been used?这机器使用有多久了？经典考例-选择最佳答案。1.-Your b e d r o o m?Yes,I did it yesterday.A.cleaned B.is cleaned C.clean D.has been cleaned解 答 由主语your bedroom可知，房间是被打扫，应该用被动语态，再由答句“是的，我昨天打扫的”可知是已经完成，所以用完成时态的被动语态。正确答案是：D2.-I can ride my bike to school,my bi ke.A.is repaired B.repaired C.repairs D.has been repaired解答 主语my bike指物，它是被修好，应该用被动语态，动作发生在说话之前，而且对现在产生的影响是可以骑车上学了，所以用完成时态的被动语态。正确答案是：D3.What foods do the stork and the fox struggle to eat?鹳和狐狸努力吃什么食物？struggle的用法：(1)v i.“斗争，奋斗，努力，挣扎”struggle fdr为.斗争，为.奋斗，与.作斗争，为.挣扎”A t that time,they had to struggle for a living.在那时，他们不得不为生活而挣扎。They are struggling for freedom.他们为自由而斗争。struggle with/against”向.作斗争；同.搏斗”If we can struggle against/with difficulties,we will finally get the success.如果我们与困难作斗争，我们会获得最终的成功。You should struggle against/with your indolence.你应该与你的懒惰作斗争。struggle along“挣扎着生活下去”W ere struggling along on a tiny income.我们依靠极少的收入过活。She struggled along by washing clothes for others.靠给别人洗衣服生活。struggle to do“努力做.”I struggled to get free.我努力获取自由。He struggled to control his feeling.他努力控制住自己的感情。(2)n.“斗争；争斗；奋斗”The struggle for independence was long and hard.为独立而斗争是长期而艰苦的。It was a struggle for her to make him understand.对她来说，要他明白是一件费劲的事。fight 和 strugglefight和 struggle这两个词都含“战斗，斗争”的意思。1.fight原义是“打仗，战斗”，指“任何形式的斗争”，特别强调“短兵相接”。The two boys fought.两个孩子动手打起来了。2.struggle本 义 是“挣扎”，指“克服某种障碍或困难，以达到某种目的”，意味着“处境难”。They were struggling for peace.他们为和平而斗争。4.Most of them are about animals,from which you can learn about the society.大部分是我们所了解的动物，通过这些故事你可以了解社会。(1)此句是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是animals,关系词是which。非限定性定语从句与先行词的关系比较松散，从句只是对先行词的附加说明。如果去掉它，句子的意思仍然清楚。从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开。译成汉语时，从句常单独译成一句。Mr.Brown,who just came from Britain yesterday,will teach us English this term.布朗先生昨天刚从英国来，这学期将教我们的英语。She is going to spend the winter holidays in Hainan,where she has some relatives.她准备至嗨南度寒假，那儿好有一些亲戚。(2)learn about 学习，得知，获悉，和 learn o f可以替换。We learned about/of his marriage in the newsp叩e rs.我们从报上获悉他结婚了。We can learn about English by talking with foreigners.我们可以通过和外国人谈话学习英语。(3)learn vt.&vi.(learn-learnt/learned-learnt/learned)的用法：1)学习，学会，learn sth.”学习.：learn to do s th.”学习做.；learn.from.“从中学习”。He has learnt a new skill.他学会了 一项新技能。My brother is learning to swim now.我的弟弟正在学游泳。You can learn some knowledge from activities.你可以从活动中获得很多知识。2)“认识到He has learned that dishonesty does not pay.他已经认识到不诚实是没有好报的。Dont complain with her,she has learnt her mistakes.别抱怨她 了，她己经认识到自己的错、口庆J o3)“记住，learn.by heart”记住.，背诵.”The boy soon learned the poem by heart.这男孩不久便能熟背这首诗了。The most important way to learn English is to heart the words by heart.学习英语最重要的方法是熟记单词。4)“得知，获悉，learn from/of/about 得知.，获得.”I learned from his letter that he was in Spain.我从他的信中得知他正在西班牙。We learnt about the news this morning.我们今天早晨得悉这一消息。I learned of the accident only yesterday.我昨天才听说这个事故。5)learn ones lesson 接受教训We should learn their lessons.我们应该接受他们的教训。He played a lot,so he failed the test.You must learn his lesson.他玩得多，因此考试不及格,你必须吸取他的教训。study 和 learnstudy和 learn都可以表示“学习”，但是用法不同。1.study是指通过读书，研究和对某些科目进行深入而又系统的学习，有时含有“努力勤奋”的意思,强调过程.study还常指仔细观察、研究,设法做出结论或加以解决的意思。Sunsan has been studying history these years.这几年苏珊一直在研究历史。Let us study more closely the way in which a plant grows.让我们更仔细的研究植物是如何生长的。learn是指通过学习，实践或是他人传授等方法获得知识或者是技能,它强调学习的结果,而不注重于过程。learn一般是指初级阶段的学习，还可以引申为“听说，获悉”的意思。He learned from his classmates.他向他的同学学习。I learned that Mr.Li had left for the United States.我听说李先生已经去美国了。5.“Yes.Its very kind of you.When shall I come?the stork replied.“愿意，你真好。我什么时候来吃晚餐呢？鹳回答道。(1)Ifs very kind of you.“你太好了/太客气 了。It is+形容词+of sb(+to do sth).,此结构中的形容词是用来表示人的特点、特征或性格或表示赞扬或批评的词，如：careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise 等。Its very clever of him.他真聪明。Ifs right of you to hand in your exercise books in time.及时上交作业本你是对的。(2)1行+形容词+容由(+10(10 5由).,此结构中的形容词是用来形容所说的事物的，如：interesting,difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等。It is important for us to finish this work on time.对我们来说准时完成这件工作是不可能的。Its easy for her to get up at five oclock.对她来说五点钟起床很容易。(3)When shall I come?此 句 是 shall引导的一般将来时态。Shall的用法：1)shall作助动词，shall+动词原形，表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状态。shall只用于第一人称I 或 w e,否定形式缩写为sh an t,也可以用will替换。I will/shall go to the dentist this afternoon.下午我要去看牙医。We wont/shant help them pick up apples any m ore.我们不会再帮他们摘苹果 了。2)shall作情态动词，用于第一人称征求对方的意见。What shall I wear on the journey?我路上穿什么好呢？Shall we dance?我们跳舞好吗？3)shall还可用于Lets引导的祈使句的附加句中,即Lets.,shall we?。Lets go swimming this afternoon,shall w e?今天下午我们去游泳好吗？Lets play chess,shall w e?我们下棋,好吗?经典考例选择最佳答案。1.Its very kind you to help people in trouble.A.of B.for C.with D.at解 答 由 kind可知是赞扬人的品性，It is+形容词+of sb(+to do sth).,此结构中的形容词是用来表示人的特点、特征、性格或表示赞扬或批评的词。正确答案是：A2.Lets sing t o g e t h e r,?A.shant we B.shall we C.will we D.wont we解答 此句是Let飞 引导的祈使句，反意疑问句的附加部分应该用shall we。正确答案是：B6.“Are you ready for dinner?asked the fox.“你准备好吃晚餐 了吗？“狐狸问。(1)be ready for意 为 为.做准备”，也可以用get ready fo r替换。We are ready for a journey.=We are getting ready for a journey.我们正在为旅行做准备。He was ready for his birthday party.=He got ready for his birthday party.他准备好 了他的生日聚会。(2)be/get ready to do sth.“准备做.，愿意做.”They are/get ready to die for the country.他们愿意为国捐躯。I am/get ready to wait for you at hom e.我准备在家等你。He is always ready enough to help u s.他随时都准备来帮助我们。7.The stork,though,could not eat her soup at a ll.然而,鹳却一点汤也喝不着。(1)not.at all 一点也不，根本不”，表示强烈的否定。I dont like playing base ball at a ll.我一点儿也不喜欢打棒球。This pair of sun glasses cant keep out the sun at all.这副眼镜根本不能阻挡太阳光。(2)Not at a ll是口语中一个十分常见的表达，由于其实际意思往往与其字面意思相去甚远，所以容易出错，现将它的主要用法归纳如下：1)用于回答感谢，意 为“不用谢；不客气二-Thanks for helping m e.谢谢你帮助我。-Not at al I.I enjoyed it.别客气，很高兴能帮你。-Thank you very m uch.非常感谢你。-Not at a l l.不用谢。2）用于回答带有感谢性质的客套话。意 为“没什么；哪里哪里:-You are very kind.你真好。Not at all.没什么 o-Its very kind of you.你真客气。-Not at a l l.哪里哪里。3）用于回答道歉，意 为“没关系二一Fm sorry Pm late.对不起，我迟到了。-Oh,not at all,do come in.噢,没关系,请进来。一Fm sorry to keep you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。Oh,not at al 1.Tve been here only a few minutes.哦，没关系，我也刚到几分钟。4）用来表示否定（是 N o的加强说法），意 为“一点也不，完全不”。-Is it difficult to study English?英语难学吗？-Not at al 1.一点不难。r i 1 be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?我要因公出差，请帮我照看一下我的猫，你介意吗？Not at all.Til be happy to.一点不介意，我很乐意。经典考例选择最佳答案。1.-Are you tired,Kat e?-.I like going shopping.A.Not at all B.Fm so sorry C.Yes,of course D.Youre welcome解答 由 I like going shopping.可以看出Kate不累。正确答案是：A2.-Do you like math?No,.A.no all B.I like it C.I dont like it at all D.Not at all解 答 由 no可以看出是不喜欢数学可以排除B；A 本身错误；D 的第一个字母不能大写。正确答案是：C8.Thats strange!Youve hardly eaten anything!said the f o x.“那就怪了!你几乎一点也没有喝！“狐狸说。（1）hardly是一个表示否定意义的副词，意思是“简直不，几乎没有”，在句中主要修饰谓语动词，通常放在b e动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。也可以和any,ever,at all或动词can连用。I hardly know h im.我不太认识他。（我只是与他认识而已。）He has hardly any m oney.他几乎没有钱。（非常少）I hardly ever go o u t.我很少外出。（我极少外出。）It hardly rained at all last sum m er.去年夏天没怎么下雨。Her case is so heavy that she can hardly lift i t.她的箱子太重了，她简直提不起来。（2）hardly修饰there b e 结构,表示否定，“没有”的意思。There is hardly a cloud in the sky.天空中没有一丝云彩。There was hardly any people living there.没有人住那里。（3）含有hardly的反意疑问句，其附加部分应该用肯定形式。My father hardly eats breakfast,does he?我的爸爸几乎没有吃过早饭，是吗？She can hardly cook,can she?她几乎不会做饭，是吗？经典考例选择最佳答案。1.-Can you follow me?Sorry,I can follow you.You speak too fast.A.hardly B.nearly C.clearly D.never解 答 hardly“几乎不M nearly“几乎”；clearly“明显地”；never“从来不”，由句意“对不起，你说得太快了，我几乎不能理解”可知选择hardly。正确答案是：A2.There is hardly anything in the f r i dge,?A.is it B.isnt it C.is there D.isnt there解答 由hardly可知，附加部分用肯定形式，在 therebe句型中，附加部分仍然用there be。正确答案是：C9.The stork fetched two tall,thin jars.鹳拿来两个高而细的罐子。（1）fetch在句中意为“去拿来”，既包括“去”又包括“来”的意思，在口语中也可以用 get来替换。I asked her to fetch me an evening paper.我叫她去给我拿一张晚报来。Will you fetch some water?你给拿点儿水来好吗？（2）thin。力“细的，薄的，瘦的”The population is thin in this part of the country.该国的那一地区人口 稀少.This rope is long and thin.这条绳子是又长又细。1）thin是重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，比较级和最高级应该双写末尾的辅音字母再力口e r和-est,thin-thinner-thinnest。同类的形容词还有：red（红色），big（大的），fat（胖的），wet（潮湿的，湿的），hot（热的）。以 ow,e w 结尾的词不能双写w 再加 er,e s t,因 为 o w 和 e w 发一个元音的读音。The ice on this river is the thinnest,you cant skate on it.这条河上的冰是最薄的，你不能在上面滑冰。Hes much fatter than he used to be.他比过去更胖了。This is the newest news.这是最新消息。经典考例选择最佳答案。1.Beijing,the capital of China,is one of cities in the world.A.the biggest B.biger C.much bigger D.the bigest解 答 由 in the world可知此处应该用最高级，big的最高级是biggest。正确答案是：A2.WeH try our best to do the work with money and people.A.fewwer,less B.less,fewwer C.fewer,less D.less,fewer解 答 money是不可数名词，应该用little修饰；people是可数名词，由 few 修饰，而 few的比较级是fewero正确答案是：D10.The stork stuck her long beak into her jar and ate happily.鹳把他的长喙插进罐里高兴地吃着。(1)stuck是 stick的过去式和过去分词，stickinto 把.插进.里。Dont stick your chopsticks into the rice.别把你的筷子插进饭里。He stuck his knife into the sand.他把他的小刀插进了沙里。(2)stick的用法：1)比“柴枝，小树枝；手杖，拐杖”W e made the fire out of dry sticks.我们用干柴枝来生火。The old man walked leaning on a stick.老人拄着拐杖走路。2)v t.常与in,into,through连用，意 为“(把尖 物)插 入，刺入，戳入”。That little boy is sticking a fork into a potato.那个小男孩儿正在用叉子叉一个马铃薯。I stuck a needle in the cloth.我把一根针扎在了 布里。The arrow stuck through that leaf.箭穿过 了那片树叶。3)v t.与 in,on连用，意 为“粘住，贴住”。I stuck a stamp on the letter.我把张邮票贴在信上。He stuck his railway ticket in his notebook.他把火车票贴进了笔记本里。11.When I came to your house last night,you did not make me welcome.当我昨晚去你家时，你没有让我受到欢迎。(1)make me welcome意为 让我受到欢迎，make sb.welcome意 为“接待；款待”，welcome在此作形容词，意 为“受欢迎的”。welcome的用法：1)作形容词 受 欢 迎 的，可喜的You are always welcome in my hom e.你在我家总是受欢迎的。Yesterday we got a welcome new s.可喜的消息不必感谢的，不必客气的-Thank you very much.You are welcome.非常感谢你。别客气。可随便享用的，可任意使用的 You are welcome to any book in my library.我书房里所有的书你尽管用。2)作名词，“欢迎；款待，接待”They gave visitors a warm welcome他们给来访者以热烈的欢迎。He received a cold welcome at party.在聚会上他受到冷冰冰的接待。3)作动词，“欢迎；款待；乐意接受”Welcome to China.欢迎来中国。W e welcome your kind help.我们欢迎你的热心帮助。(2)make后可接形容词、动词原形，意 为“使，让”。This thing made me very sad.这件事使我非常难过。Mother always makes me study the whole day.妈妈总是让我整天学习。经典考例选择最佳答案。1.Welcome our school.A.at B.in C.from D.to解答 固 定 搭 配welcome(sb)to a place”欢 迎(某 人)来 某 地”。正确答案是：D2.That bad news made her.A.happy B.happily C.sad D.sadly解答 由bad news可知是使她很难过，make后应该接形容词作宾语补足语。正确答案是：C12.You didnt regard me as a guest.你没有把我当客人看。(1)v t.”认 为，视 为“，regardas”把.视为；认为.是”They d