高一英语基础阅读理解专项解析.pdf

高一英语基础阅读理解专项解析文学与艺术应考专项解析提问文章标题或者大意的选择题怎么回答？一篇文章是一个有机的整体，如果有几个段落，则它们之间都有紧密的联系。每篇文章又有各自的中心思想，我们又叫它主题句。主题句的出现大致分为以下几种情况：（1）位于文章的首段；（2）位于文章的尾段；（3）位于文章的中段；（4）贯穿于文章的全文；（5）文章中没有直接表现出来，要通过深层理解才能找出文章的主题在抓文章的主题时，我们可以先快速地阅读文章的开头和结尾，再回过头来阅读整篇文章，在细读利理解全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中暗含的信息，最后对文章做出归纳或概括，这对理解全文，把握作者的主旨和意图有好处。题型简述提问文章标题或大意用来考查考生对全文的整体理解能力和深层次的分析、判断、推理和归纳能力。其题型一般有三种：一种是选择文章的标题或大意；一种是回答文章的标题或大意是什么；最后一种是判断该句是否是文章的标题或大意主要提问方式这类题的主要有下列提问方式：1.The passage mainly shows us.2.The passage is mainly about.3.The best title of the story is.4.The main idea of the passage is t hat.5.The story tells us 6.The writer is mainly talking about.7.From the passage we can conclude（得出结论）that.8.What do you think the proper title fbr the passage is?9.Is.the proper title fbr the passage?Part OnePassage 1|The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over theocean,so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film asthey said goodbye to each other fbr ever.He sent his camera crew out one evening to film thesunset for him.The next morning he said to the men,“Have you provided me with that sunset?”“No,sir,the men answered.The director was angry.Why not?”he asked.“Well,sir,one of the men answered,were on the east coast here,and the sun sets in thewest.We can get you a sunrise over the sea,if necessary,but not a sunset.”“But I want a sunset!”the director shouted.Go to the airport,take the next flight to the westcoast,and get one.But then a young secretary had an idea.Why dont you photograph a sunrise,“shesuggested,44and then play it backwards?Then itll look like a sunset.“Thats a very good idea!”the director said.Then he turned to the camera crew and said,“Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea.”The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beachin the middle of a beautiful bay.Then at nine oclock they took it to the director.Here it is,sir,“they said,and gave it to him.He was very pleased.They all went into the studio.All right,v the director explained,now our hero and heroineare going to say goodbye.Run the film backwards so that we can see the sunset behind them.The“sunset“began,but after a quarter of a minute,the director suddenly put his face in hishands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.The birds in the film were flying backwards,and the waves on the sea were going away fromthe beach.直通考场Read the passage and choose the best answer:1.One evening the director sent his camera crew out.A.to film a scene on the sea B.to find an actor and an actressC.to watch a beautiful sunset D.to meet the audience2.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A.Because he changed his mind about getting a sunset.B.Because he was angry with his crew.C.Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset.D.Because it was his secretarys suggestion.3.The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean b e c a u s e,A.it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB.when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC.it was more moving than a sunriseD.the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset4.After the“sunset began,the director suddenly put his face in his h a n d s.A.because he was moved to tearsB.as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC.as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD.because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and heroine5.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The crew had to follow the secretarys advice（忠告）.B.If you want to see a sunrise,the east coat is the place to go.C.The camera crew wasnt able to film the scene the first day.D.The director ordered his crew to stop filming the“sunset”.我的答案:1.2.3.4.5.单词表directordiYekWn.导演heroineherduinn.女主角camera crewkaemdra kru:n.摄制组filmfilmvt.拍摄provideprvaidvt.供给：供应coastkaustn.海岸secretaryekratrin.秘书suggestTsdd estV.建议baybein.海湾studiostju:di5un.摄影室；录音室了解这些用法provide vt.“供给，供应，把；提供,准 备,（法律等）规定”vi.预 防（灾害）,(为将来)准备，赡养，抚养”1)provide sth.Sheep provide w ool,羊提供羊毛。The school will provide tents and food.学校会提供帐篷和食物。2)provide sth.For/to sb.=provide sb.with sth.They provided food and clothes for the sufferers.=They provided the sufferers with food and clothes.他们提供食物和衣服给受难者。3)provide+that 从句The contract provides that the rent must be paid monthly.合同上规定房租必须按月付清。4)provide for/against sth.Youd better provide for/against an earthquake.你们最好做预防地震的准备。5)provide for sb.He had to provide for the large family.他必须蟾养这个大家庭。The children are well provided for.孩子们收到妥善照顾。suggest vt.“(向.)提议,建 议 称,提议称,暗 示，使想起”1)suggest sth.to sb.They suggested another development program to the government.他们向政府提议另一项开发计划。I suggested a way out to her.我向她提出一个解决问题的办法。What does the word 44black suggest to you?“黑”这个词使你联想到什么？The idea suggested itself to his mind.这个念头浮现在他的心中。2)suggest doing sth.May I suggest going there by train?=May I suggest(that)we(should)go there by train?我建议大家搭火车去那里如何？She suggested staying there for another day.=She suggested(that)we(should)stay there for another day.她建议在那里再停留一天。3)suggest+(that)从句(句中通常用虚拟语气：(should)+动词原形)She suggested(that)we(should)have lunch at the new restaurant.=She suggested having lunch at the new restaurant.她建议在那家新餐馆吃午饭。(suggest作“建议”讲时，用虚拟语气)I suggested that you had a secret understanding with him.我觉得你跟他心照不宣。(suggest不作“建议”讲时，用陈述语气)4)suggest to sb.+(that)从句(句中通常用虚拟语气：(should)+动词原形)I suggested to him that he(should)join the club activity.我建议他应该参加该俱乐部活动。(suggest作“建议”讲时，用虚拟语气)I suggested to him that he(should)do it at once.我建议他马上就干。(suggest作“建议”讲时，用虚拟语气)I suggested to him that this was a good job for him.我暗示他这对他来说是一份不错的工作。(suggest不作“建议”讲时，用陈述语气)5)suggest sth.The summer suggests our happy days in the South.夏天使我们想起了在南方的快乐日子。I only suggest the plan.You decide.这个计划我只是建议建议，你决定吧。【注意】suggest that中 的that从句并非总是用虚拟语气：表示“建议做某事“时，用虚拟语气；表示“暗示，表明 时，则不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。如：Janes pale face suggested she was ill,and her parents suggested that she(should)have amedical examination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父母建议她到医院做一下检查。检验你的对与错：1.A 理解类试题。第一段中“planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean”和最后一句中“to film the sunset fbr him”说明了行动的目的。2.C 理解类试题。第五段中”.were on the east coast here,and the sun sets in the west”说明了原因。3.A 细节题。第一段中“so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it atthe end of the film as they said goodbye to each other fbr ever”说明了 原因。4.B理解类试题。文章的最后一段说明了原因。5.D同上，A、B、C项的陈述在文章的第前六段都已交待。第七段和第八段的叙述使我们得知D项是错误的。Translation一部昂贵的大片导演计划在大洋的上空拍摄美丽的落日，以便观众在影片末尾可以看见男女主人公在夕阳前互道永别。一天傍晚，他派出他的摄制组去拍摄夕阳。第二天早晨他对摄制组的人说，“你们已经拍摄落日了吗？“摄制组的人说“先生，没有。”导演很生气，他问“为什么没有？”“呃，先生 其中一人回答道，“我们在东海岸，而太阳在西边落下。如果有必要的话，我们可以在海上给你拍到日出，但拍不到落日。”“但我要的是落日！”导演吼道，”到飞机场去，乘坐下一趟班机去西海岸给我拍落日。”就在那时，一个年轻的秘书想出了一个办法。“你们为什么不拍摄日出，然后往后倒呢？这样它看起来就像落日了。”她建议道。导演说“这是-个好主意！”于是他转过头来对摄制组的人说，“我要你们明天把海上美丽的日出给我拍下来。”第二天清晨摄制组出去了，他们在美丽的海湾中心把海滩上美丽的日出拍下来了。九点钟时，他们把拍摄的日出送到了导演那里。“先生，给，”他们边说边把拍摄的带子交给了导演，导演对此很满意。他们所有人都走进了录音室。“好啦，”导演解释道，“现在男女主人公将要道别了。把把胶片往后倒，这样我就能他们背后的 落日 了。”，落日，开始了，但是十五秒之后，导演双手捂着脸，大声叫摄制组停。胶片中的鸟正在往后飞，海浪也在从海滩上往卜退。PassageClaude and Louris are“giraffes”.So are police officers Hankins and Pearson.These men andwomen dont look like giraffes;they look like you and me.Then,why do people call them“giraffes”？A giraffe,they say,is an animal that sticks its neck out,can see places far away and has alarge heart.It lives a quiet life and moves about in an easy and beautiful way.In the same way,a“girafife“can be a person who likes to“stick his or her neck out“for other people,always watchesfbr future happenings,has a warm heart for people around,and at the same time lives a quiet andbeautiful life himself or herself“The Giraffe Projecf is a 1 O-year-old group which finds and honors giraffes in the USand in the world.The group wants to teach people to do something to build a better world.Thegroup members believe that a person shouldnt draw his or her head back;instead,they tell peopleto stick their neck out”and help others.Claude and Louris,Hankins and Pearson are only a fewof the nearly 1,000“giraffes“that the group found and honored.Claude and Louris were getting old and they left their work with some money that they savedfbr future use.One day,however,they saw a homeless man looking fbr a place to keep warm andthey decided that they should“stick their neck out”and give him some help.Today,they lived inFriends House,where they invite twelve homeless people to stay every night.Police officers Hankins and Pearson work in a large city.They see crimes every day and theirwork is sometimes dangerous.They work hard fbr their money.However,these two men put theirsavings together and even borrowed money to start an educational center to teach young peoplein a poor part of the city.Hankins and Pearson are certainly giraf&s”.直通考场Read the passage and choose the best answer:L Which of the following is true?A.Some of the people around us look like giraffes.B.Giraffes are the most beautiful animal in the world.C.”Giraffes is a beautiful name for those who are ready to help other people.D.A giraffe is someone who can stick his neck out and see the future.2.The Giraffe Project is a g r o u p.A.of police officers B.which appeared ten years agoC.of ten-year-old children D.which takes care of children3.People call Claude and Hankins giraffes because t he y.A.do what is needed for a good world B.are not afraid of dangerous workC.found a home for some homeless people D.made money only for other people4.What does(The Giraffe Project”do?A.It tells people how to live a quiet life.B.It helps the homeless and teaches the young people.C.It tries to find 1,000 warm-hearted people in the US.D.It shows people what their duty is for a better world.5.The passage mainly tries to tell us.A.what giraffes are likeB.what the Giraffe Project isC.why Claude,Louris,Hankins and Pearson are called“giraffes”D.what we should do for a better world我的答案:1.2.3.4.5.单词表giraffedjiYa:fn.长颈鹿stickstikvt.伸出projectpr d ektn.工程honor,同vt.表彰crimekraim n.犯罪educationaledju/keitfenladj.教育的了解这些用法stick n.“棒，棍，拐杖”He put a stick into the ground to mark the point.他在地上插了一根棒子，作为那个地点的记号。This is his walking stick.这是他的拐杖。vt.“伸出；突出”1)stick out sth.伸出某物The boy stuck hid tongue out at m e.那个男孩对我伸舌头。Dont stick your head out of the car window.切勿把头伸出车窗。2)sb./sth.stick o u t突出,醒目,显眼,伸出来The others on the football team are good,but Jack really sticks out.该队的其他队员虽然也很好，但杰克是他们当中出类拔萃的。The house stuck out because of its colour.那所房子因为其颜色而引人注目。Toms front teeth stick out.汤姆的前牙向前突出。3)stick out for s th.坚持要/索取某物；对某物的要求不让步They will stick out for every penny to which they feel they are entitled.他们坚决要求拿到他们认为应得的每一分钱。4)stick out a m ile显而易见；一 目了然It sticks out a mile that the government will call an early election.很显然政府将提前选举。5)stick out against sth.坚决反对某事The trade unions are continuing to stick out against the governments wage and pricecontrols.工会在继续反对政府对工资和物价的控制。6)stick ones neck/chin out 惹祸；自找麻烦；冒险George is always sticking his chin/neck out by saying something he shouldnt.乔治总是说些不该说的话而惹上麻烦。吠h o n o r回n.“名誉，名声，面子，敬意，道义心”；目n.“光荣的人或物”The players competed for the honor of their country.运动员们为了他们祖国的荣誉而竞争。We should show honor to old people.我们应该向老人表示敬意。He is a man of honor.他是一个有道义心的人。She is an honor to our school.她是我们学校的光荣。It is a great honor to receive that prize.能拿到那个奖是无上的光荣。Vt.“给予某人荣誉/光荣；对某人表示敬意；尊敬某人”Would you honor us by visiting/with a visit?=We would be honored if you would visit us.倘蒙光临我们实不胜荣幸之至。He has honored me with a visit.承蒙他来接见了我。She is honored as a model worker.她被尊为劳动模范。1)do sb.honor=do honor to sb.对某人表示敬意；成为某人的荣誉He did honor to the great dead=He did honor to the great dead.他向伟大的死者致敬。His contributions to science do honor to our country.他在科学上的贡献为我们国家争光。2)do sb.the honor of doing sth.给予某人做某事的荣誉；给予某人做某事的面子Will you do me the honor of dining with me tonight?我是否有此荣幸请你今晚与我一起吃晚餐？He did me the honor to dine with me.他给予我面子，同我一道进餐。3)have the honor of doing/to do sth.有做某事的荣誉May I have the honor of doing so?我可以这样做吗？May I have the honor to dance with you?我有荣幸与你跳舞吗？4)in honor o f 向某人表示敬意；为了招待某人；为了纪念某人We shall give dinner in honor of him.我们将设宴招待他。There is a party tonight in honor of our new president.为了庆祝新总经理就任，今晚有个聚会。5)on one,s(word of)honor以某人的名誉担保It is true on my honor.我以我的荣誉担保这是真的。6)put sb.on his honor 使某人保证We should do something to put the students on their honor not to cheat in examinations.我们应该采取措施使学生们保证在考试中不作弊。检验你的对与错：1.C 从短文的第一、二两段可知“长颈鹿”是送给那些乐于助人的人的美名。2.B 从短文的第三两段可知“长颈鹿工程”是十年前出现的。3.A 从短文的第三、四、五三段可知，克劳德和汉金斯被人称之为“长颈鹿 是因为他们不惜牺牲自我的利益来帮助他人，为人类营造一个更加美好的世界。4.D 从短文的第三段可知，“长颈鹿工程”是想让人们知道自己的职责就是营造一个更加美好的世界。5.C 这是一道分析推理题，只有通读全文，反复体会作者的意图方能得出答案。Translation克劳德和路瑞丝是 长颈鹿。警官汉金斯和皮尔逊也是。这些男人和女人看起来并不像长颈鹿；他们看起来就像你和我一样。那么，人们为什么叫他们为 长颈鹿 呢？人们说长颈鹿，是一种伸出脖子，能看得远，有着宽阔胸怀的动物。它过着宁静的生活,以从容和优雅的姿势到处活动。同样地，长颈鹿 有时可能是一个为他人伸出脖子，总是留意将来事情的人，对在周围的人们有着一颗爱心，同时自己过着住宁静而又优美的生活。“长颈鹿工程”是一个有10年历史的团体，它在美国和世界上发现和表彰“长颈鹿 似的人。这个团体想要教人们做某些事情来建造 个更加美好的世界。这些团体成员们认为人不应该缩着头；相反他们叫人们伸出脖子来帮助别人。克劳德和路瑞丝是这个团体发现和表彰的 近 1000个“长颈鹿”中的少数几个人。克劳德和路瑞丝年纪渐渐大了，他们带着原来存下来以备将来之用的钱退休了。然而，有一天他们看见一个无家可归的人在找地方取暖，他们就决定他们应该伸出脖子来帮助他。如今，他们住在“朋友之家”，在那儿他们每天邀请12个无家可归的人住那里。警官汉金斯和皮尔逊在一座大城市里工作。他们每天看见犯罪，他们的工作有时是危险的。为了钱，他们努力工作。然而，他们俩把他们的储蓄放在起，甚至借钱创办了 一 个 教育中心来教这个城市里贫困的年轻人。汉金斯和皮尔逊当然也是“长颈鹿工Passage 3|My first exposure to photography was 25 years ago.I was a freshman in college,looking foran interesting elective class,so I picked Basic Photography.I loved it so much,I ended up takingevery photography class they offered.For years my primary interest in life was photography.1worked in a camera store.I did portraits on the side.I worked two seasons for the National ParkService and tried to work photography and video production into my duties.I got a job as anewspaper photographer so I could shoot every day.And when I wasnt working,I did landscapephotography.If anything rivaled my love fbr photography,it was my love of the outdoors.So when I tooka holiday,I went camping and hiking.My favorite places to visit were Yellowstone,GrandTetons,the San Juan Mountains of southwest Colorado,Death Valley,and Monument Valley.Heck,just about anywhere wild in the wide,open west.While working as a newspaper photographer fbr The Californian in Temecula,California in1988-1990,I discovered the Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve,a 6000-acre NatureConservancy preserve.This gorgeous area of undeveloped grasslands and rolling,oak-studdedhills is just a few miles from the city.I adopted it as my nearby wilderness retreat,usuallyturning to it fbr peaceful hikes,wildlife watching and photography.直通考场Read the passage and complete the sentences:1.1 have taken phot os.2.What I love to do most in life is to.3.I did portraits on the side.means that.4.The Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve is covered wi t h.5.The best title of the passage is probably 我的答案:1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._单词表exposure i k，s p 8 u 3 8 n.（摄影的）曝光freshman Y r c j m 5 n n.（大学）新生elective i l ek t i vadj.选修的Basic Photographyfb ei s i k g r 5 f i n.基础摄影学primary p r a i m 而 adj.主要的shootWvt.拍摄landscape I s e n ds k e i p n.风景、景色rivalp r a i v a i vt.同抗衡/竞争Grand Tetons gr a n d Zt e t n z n.壮丽的特顿山脉the San JuanMountains Y a i v 6 1 n.圣胡安山Color