2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 七年级(下)Units 1-6.pdf
七年级(下)Units 1-6教材词汇分层训练争 重 点 单 词 背 记1 .guitar.吉他2.chess.国际象棋3.join u参加;加入4.club几俱乐部;社团5.talk v.&.说话;交谈6.people九人;人们7.today adv.在今天8.dress u.穿衣服 几连衣裙9.brush v.刷;刷净.刷子lO.usually ad比通常地;一般地11.never adu从不;绝不12.job.工作;职业13.exercise v.&1锻炼;练习14.group几组;群15.half/?.&一半;半数16.past pwp.晚于;过(时间)M.过去的17.quarter n.一刻钟;四分之一18.home work.家庭作业19.clean n.打 扫;弄 干 净 的.干净的20.walk n&也 行走;步行21.either co切,或者 切拉也(用在否定词组后)22.taste已有的味道;品尝.味道;滋味23.bus.公共汽车24.bike n.自行车25.hundred m/6.一百26.minute.分钟27.n e w新的;刚出现的28.every 4的.每一;每个29.car几小汽车;轿车30.stop.车站;停止31.river几河;江32.between prep.介于.之间33.bridge .桥34.boat几小船35.year.年;岁36.afraid 切.害怕;畏惧37.1ike p-ep.像;怎么样38.arrive乜到达39.listen v.听;彳 顷 听40.sorry必.抱歉的滩过的;惋惜的41.outside ad也 在外面 外面的42.practice v.&.练习43.dirty.脏的44.kitchen 九厨房45.strict 严格的;严厉的46.remember id己住;t己起47.hair几头发;毛发48.panda.熊猫49.zoo.动物园5O.tiger几老虎51.elephant.大象52.1ion儿狮子53.giraffe几长颈鹿54.animal.动物55.cute M/.可爱的;机灵的56.smart a的.聪明的57.pet.宠物58.leg .腿59.save比救;救助;节省6O.flag九旗;旗帜61.place.地点;位置62.water 机水63.kill v.杀死;弄死64.over prep.超过,多于;在.上方/.结束的65.newspaper儿报 名 氏66.soup .汤67.wash 也洗68.movie机电影69.just 公.只是;恰好70.house几房子71 .tea几茶;茶叶72.tomorrow adv.在明天.明天;未来73.pool几游泳池冰池74.race n.竞赛75.state 九州76.miss也怀念;思念;错过77.wish v.&.希望;祝愿78.delicious adj.可 口 的;美味的79.still为 也还;仍然:售重点单词拓展1 .sing M唱歌 sa一(过去式)一s u n?(过去分词)t s i-.歌手2.swim v.&.游泳一swam(过去式)t swum(过去分词)swimming.游泳:游泳运动3.dance乜跳舞.舞蹈 dancer.舞者4.drawq画t drew(过去式)drawn(过去分词)5.speak乜说(某种语言):说话-woke(过去式)t spoken(过去分词)-speaker n.讲(某种语言)的人;发言者6.tell乜讲述:告诉lold(过去式/过去分词)7.story.故事:小说t stories(复数形式)8.write y.写作:写字t wrote(过去式)t wi itten(过 去 分 词 writer n.作者;作家9.show几演出;节目乂给.看:展示 show目(过去式)showed/shown(过去分词)10.violin几小提琴t iolinisl.小提琴手11.home.家;活动本部到家:在家-homeless 力.无家可归的12.make比使成为;制造一made(过 去 式/过 去 分 词 maker n.生产者;制J订者13.center/centre n.中心;中央t cenlral adj.中心的;主要的14.teach H教;讲授-taught(过去式/过去分词)teacher n.教师15.tooth.牙齿一 iccth(复数形式)t toothache.牙痛16.early adv.&。由.早(的)一 earlier(比较级)t earliest(最高级)17.work也工作.工作;(音乐、艺术)作品t worker.工作者;工人18.run v.跑:奔-ran(过去式)run(过去分词)T running(现在分词)19.1ife九生活:生命lives(复数形式)2O.ride v.骑九旅程:供乘骑的游乐设施:短途旅程 rode(过去式)t idden(过去分式)21.far adv.&a雄.远;远的一 farlher/furlher(比较级)larlhesl/liirlhcsi(最高级)22.drive y.开车:迫使t drove(过去式)-driven(过去分词)t driver.驾驶员;司机23.live以居住;生活t lively adi,生气勃勃的;(色彩)鲜艳的 alive adi,活着;有生气的24.cross u横过:越过crossing.十字路口25.village几村庄:村镇t v illag e r九村民26.1eave以离开:留下一 leh(过去式/过去分词)27.dream比梦想;睡梦必做梦drcamcd/d eamt(过去式/过去分词)28.true adj.真的;符合事实的t ul、r adv.真正;确实t r u t h儿真相 truthful adj.诚实的;真实的29.rule.规贝规章乜统治:支配trulc.统治者:支配者;直尺;尺子3O.fight v.&几打架:战斗 fouqht(过去式/过去分词)31 .wear v.穿:戴:面带:面露一 wore(过去式)worn(过去分词)32.important。力.重要的一 importance.重要性 unimportam(反义词)。力.不重要的33.bring u带来:取来一 brought(过去式/过去分词)34.quiet 的.安静的 quietly adv.轻声地;安静地35.dish.碟:盘:菜肴一 dishes(复数形式)36.read也读;阅读一 read(过去式/过去分词)re a d e r九读者37.terrible 力.非 常 讨 厌 的;可 怕 的 terribly adv.非常;极度地38.feel u感觉:觉得:摸起来-fell(过去式/过去分词)一 fe e lin g 几感觉:感触39.follow也遵循:跟随t following a力.接着的40.1uck.幸运;运气 lucky adi.幸运的 luckily adu.幸运地;好运地一 unlucky adi.不幸的;不吉利的一 unluckily adv.不幸地41.keep艮保持:保留kept(过去式/过去分词)keeper.饲养员:保管人42.1earn 乂学习.学会一 leanicd/Icanil(过去式/过去分词)43.1azy。力:懒散的;懒惰的-lazily ad比懒惰地 laziness.懒惰44.beautiful 的.美丽的;美好的 b e a u ty 几美;美丽 beautifully adv.美好地:漂亮地45.kind.种类。力.善良的:友好的 kindness.善良;仁慈46.Australia.澳大利亚 Australian 力.澳大利亚(人)的.澳大利亚人47.south a切.南方的.南:南方 southern ad/.南方的48.Africa.非洲A fric a n。力.非洲(人)的.非洲人49.sleep v.&.睡觉一 slept(过去式/过去分词)一 sleepy 力.困倦的:瞌唾的一 a s le e p 力.睡着5O.shy 力.羞怯的:腼腆的t sh y n e ss儿害羞:腼腆51.forget u忘记:遗忘 foi?ot(过去式)forgotten(过去分词)forgetful adj.健忘的52.danger.危险一 dangerous adj.危险的53.cut u砍;切cul(过去式/过去分词)t culling(现在分词)54.use M使用;运用.使用:用途一 useful 力.有用的:有益的一 useless 勿.无用的:无价值的一used adj.习惯的;使用过的55.drink u喝 .饮 料一 drank(过去式)一 drunk(过去分词)56.shop u购物几商店shopped(过去式/过去分词)一 shopping(现在分词)57.study v.&.学习;研究sludics(第三人称单数形式)studied(过去式/过去分词)58.A m e ric a n.美国的;美洲的几美国人:美洲人t A m erica九美国:美洲59.young 力.幼小的:年轻的y o u th 几年轻:少年(青年)时期6O.child .儿童t children(复数形式)一 childhood.童年:幼年争 重 点 短 语 积 累1 .play chess下国际象棋2.speak English 说英语3.think o f认为;想起4.be good at.擅长于.5.talk to跟.说6.play the violin 拉小提琴e true实现;成为现实8.cut down砍倒;减少9.make friends 结交朋友lO.take a walk 散步;走一走11.kind o f稍微;有点儿12.on weekends/on the weekend(在)周末13.follow the rules 遵守规则14.(be)on time 准时;按时15.help(sb.)with sth.在某方面帮助(某人)16.do(ones)homework 做作业17.get up起床;站起18.be good with善于应付.的;对.有办法;与.友好相处19.get dressed 穿上衣服2O.take a shower 洗淋浴2 l.be good for 对.有益22.either.or.要么.要么.;或者.或者.23.1ots of7a lot of 大量;许多24.get to 到达25.ride a bike/by bike 骑自行车26.between.and在.和.之间27.be from/come from.来 自28.all day全天;整天29.listen to.听.30.go out外出(娱乐)31.do/wash the dishes 清洗餐具32.make ones bed 铺床33.get lost 迷路34.be in(great)danger处于(极大)危险之中35.(be)made o f由.制成的(看得出原材料)36.go to the movies 去电影院37.eat out出去吃饭38.be late for 迟 至 I 39.have to必须;不得不4O.read a newspaper 看报纸41.make soup 做汤42.drink tea 喝茶43.be strict(with sb.)(对某人)要求严格争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词l.My uncle works at the city sports center/centre(中心).2.Many classes were laughl(教)by teachers online during COVID-19.3.The dentist advises me to brush my tcelh(牙齿)twice a day.4.My aunt cleans(打扫)all the rooms every day.5.Let no Chinese go hungry!”was the dream(梦想)of the great hero Yuan Longping.6.There is a river(河)not far away from my home.7.The teacher says that we have to be quicl(安静的)in class.8.Schools make rules(规则)to help the students to become better and better.9.In this zoo,there are a lot of animals like monkeys,tigers 佬虎)and birds.lO.The young(年轻的)singer surprised us all with her wonderful voice.熟词生义1 .draw熟义:上画生义”吸弓1(人 才、注意力);拖;拉(l)Drawn to the ancient language,he went to China to study Chinese in the 1990s.(2020-山东滨州)(B)(2)1 quickly drew my chair up far away from the fire.(C)A.画 B.吸 引C.拖2.tell熟义”讲述;告诉生义”辨别;表明;显示;知道(1)77?Water Margin tells the history of the Northern Song Dynasty.(2021 湖 d匕黄冈)(C)(2)If something happens to your ears,you might have a hard time telling different tastes.(2()21 广西贵港X B)(3)How did people teH the time before clocks were invented?(2020-山东德州 X D)(4)He decided to tell the emperor what happened.(2020广东东莞)(A)A.告 诉B.辨 别C讲 述D.知道3.show熟义:.演出;节目也给.看;展示生义:叽表明;证明;上映;引领滞领机展览;展览会(l)Studies have shown that people who keep a diary sleep and feel better.(2020安徽X B)(2)Every year,we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities.(2020-州遵义)(D)(3)She is ready to show her mother around.(译林牛津七上 Unit 3)(C)A.上 映B.表 明C.带 领D.展览会4.run熟义”跑;奔生义:也管理;经营;流动;运行(1)80%of wastewater around the world is not treated at all,and it is running into oceans.(2019安徽)(C)(2)My mother helps run a small family store with some of my brothers and sisters.(B)A.跑 B.经 营C流 动D.运行5.live熟义:也居住;生活生义:。力.现场直播的;活的ad也在现场直播;在现场表演(或录制)(l)This years Beijing Music Awards will be covered live this Saturday4译林牛津九上 Unit 6)(C)(2)一We are against the company9s tests on live animals.一I agree.Thats too cruel(残忍的).(B)A.居 住B.活的C.adv.在现场直播D.v.活着6.CFOSS熟义”横过;越过生义:.十字标记;叉字形记号也使交叉;使 交 叠 生 气 的(l)Kate got a full mark in the English exam,so there was no cross in her English paper.(B)(2)Please dont get cross.Let me explain/D)A.越 过B.叉字形记号C.使交叉 D.生气的7.leave熟义”离开;留下生义:也使处于某种状态;丢下;遗忘;剩余机假期;休假(1)Mr.Miller,rm sorry I have to ask for three days leave to look after my sick daughter.Its OK.(D)(2)Don,t leave the tap(水龙头)running.(2020湖南岳阳X C)(3)If customers leave too much food uneaten,restaurants can charge(收费)them for food waste.(2021 云南)(B)A.离 开B.剩余C.使处于某种状态 D.假期8.save熟义:也救;救助生义”节省;保存;攒钱(1)How do you save the document?(外研七上 Module 7)(B)(2)For most parents,it can help them save a lot of time because they only have to pick up their children afterschool.(2021辽宁大连)(D)A.救 助B.保 存C.攒 钱D.节省9.place熟义:.地点;位置生义:.名次也放置;安顿(l)Jenny folded the letter and placed it in the inside pocket of her jacket.(C)(2)Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving theirrooms.(2021内蒙古通辽)(A)A.地 点B.名 次C.放 置D.安顿lO.study熟义:口&.学习;研究生义:.书房;s/.)功课;学业(l)It was very good of you to come.Let me show you to my study/C)(2)He also does well in his exams because he works very hard on his studies.(2020天津)(D)Aw.学 习B.R研究C.书 房D.学业名师考点精讲重|点|词|汇|考点 1 辨析 be good at 和 be good with【教材原句】Youre very good at telling stories.你很擅长讲故事。(P2)Are you good with old people?你善于跟老人打交道吗?(P5)1 .bg gqgaL意为:擅长王 二 二 二;精通二二二二后亘接名词腔代词或Y二ing非 式。例如:Im good at making things by hand.我擅长手工制作物品。2.bod_with意为“善于应付;对有 办 法 例如:Molly is good with children,so she wants to be a teacher.莫莉对孩子很有一套,因此她想成为一名老师。拓展延伸(l)be good for意为“对.有好处”,其反义短语为be bad for,意即,对.有 坏 处 例 如:Exercising very often is good for your health.经常锻炼对健康有好处。Too much sugar is bad for your health.吃太多的糖对健康有害。(2)be good to 意为“对.友 善 例 如:My friend was good to me when I was ill.我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。活学活用1 .Elephants are smart animals.They are good remembering things.They can walk for a long timeand never get lost.A.for B.at C.with D.to【解析】考查介词。句意:大象是聪明的动物。它们擅长记住事物。它们能长时间行走且不会迷路。根据“They can walk for a long time and never get lost.”可知次象擅长记忆,此处应用介词at。【答案】B2.一Lets divide the rubbish into different kinds before throwing it away.-OK.Its us to use some of it again.A.thankful to B.good forC.similar to D.painful for【解析】考查形容词短语。句意:让我们在扔垃圾前把垃圾分下类吧。好的。这有利于我们对其中一些物品再利用。be thankful to意为“感谢”;bc good fo r意为“对 有好处”;be similar t o 意为“与相似”;be painful fo r意为“对来说很痛苦”。【答案】B考点 2 辨析 speak,say,tell 和 talk【教材原句】Can Wu Jun speak English?吴军会说英语吗?No,he can9t,but he can speak Chinese.不,他不会,但他会说汉语。(P3)speak,say,tell talk都有“说”的意思,但意义和用法有所不同,具体区别如下:单词用法常见搭配speak强 调 说 的 动 作,不强 调 所 说 的 内 容。可用于表示正式场合 的 演 讲 或 演说,还可以接某种语言作 宾 语。speak to sb.“跟某人讲话”;“speak+某种语言”意为“说某种语言”。say作 及 物 动 词,侧 重说 话 的 内 容,后 接名 词、代词或宾语从 句.say it again再 说 一 遍 ;say hello/goodbye to sb.“向 某 人 问 好 /告 别”;say.inEnglish“用央语说tell作 及 物 动 词,意为“讲 述;告 诉”,后常接 双 宾 语;还 有“辨别”之 意。tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.“告诉某人某事”;tell sb.about sth.“告诉某人有关某事”;tellsb.(not)to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”;tell stories 讲故事”;tell a lie”说谎”;tellright from wrong“明辨是非”。talk作 不 及 物 动 词,意为“交 谈;谈 话”,着重强调双向交流。talk about sth.“谈论某事”;talk with sb.“和某人交谈”;talk to sb.about sth.“和某人谈论某事”。活学活用Look!There is a girl under the tree.一She is Susan9s daughter.She9s only six years old,but she can stories in English.A.say B.speak C.tell D.talk【解 析】考 查 动 词。根 据 句 意 可 知,此 处 指 讲 故 事,应 用tell表示“讲述”。【答 案】C考 点3either.or的用法【教 材 原 句】In the evening,!either watch TV or play computer games.晚上,我 要 么 看 电 视 要 么 玩 电 脑 游 戏。(Pl 1)either.or意 为 或 者 或 者 ;要 么 要 么 ”,连 接 并 列 的 句 子 成 分。当 连 接 并 列 的 两 个主 语 时,谓 语 动 词 要 遵 循“就 近 原 则”,即 谓 语 动 词 与 最 近 的 主 语 在 人 称 和 数 上 保 持 一 致。例 如:Either you or your brother plays the game.要么你,要么你的哥哥玩这个游戏。拓展延伸(l)neither nor意为 既不也不”,连接并列的句子成分。当连接并列的两个主语时,谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”。例如:Neither you nor he is right.你不对,他也不对。(2)both.and 意为“两者都”,连接并列的句子成分。当连接并列的两个主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。例如:Both Tom and Jim are good at swimming.汤姆和吉姆两个人都擅长游泳。(3)not only.but(also)意为 不仅而且”,连接并列的句子成分。当连接并列的两个主语时,谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”。例如:Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the自 Im.不仅学生们在观看这部影片,他们的老师也在观看这部影片。活学活用1.(2021 广 西 贺 州)Tom Tim is going with you because one of them must stay at home.A.Either;or B.Neither;norC.Both;and D.Not only;but also【解析】考查连词。句意:要么汤姆要么蒂姆和你一起瓦因为他们中有一个人必须待在家里。根据“oneof them must stay at home”可知,此处表示两者中只能去一个人,应用either.or.o【答案】A2.(2021 甘肃天水)We got so wet.We had umbrellas raincoats with us!A.either;or B.both;andC.neither;nor D.not only;but also【解析】考查连词。句意:我们都湿透了。我们既没有带雨伞也没有带雨衣!根据We got so wet.”可知,此处指雨伞和雨衣都没有带,表示“两者都不”应用neither.nor。【答案】C3.一Do you want tea or coffee?一 is OK.I really dont mind.A.Neither B.Both C.Either D.None【解析】考查不定代词。句意:你要茶,还是咖啡?都可以。我真的不介意。根据答语中的“I reallydon,t mind.”可知,后者的意思是两者都可以;再根据谓语动词is可知,应用either表示“(两者中的)任何一个,【答案】C考点4afraid的用法【教材原句】But he is not afraid because he loves school.但是他不害怕,因为他喜欢学校。(P17)1肥 afraia to8 鼬;蜜怕去做某事”。例如:Fm afraid to go out alone at night.我害怕晚上一个人外出。2.垣afraidQfsth./sh 害怕某物/某人L 例如:Many girls are afraid of mice.很多女孩都害怕老鼠。3.be afraid of doing sth.“害怕做某事;担心会发生某事”。例如:Im afraid of falling into the swimming pool.我担心会掉进游泳池里去。4.卜 黑 afraid.QhaW担 心:E。Im afraid(that).恐怕”,是口语中常见的一种固定句型,相当于Imsorry to say(that).,表示遗憾或惋惜。例如:The little girl was afraid that her friends would leave her.那位小姑娘担心朋友会离开她。Im afraid I cant help you.恐怕我不能帮你。特别提醒在口语中,m afraid之后可以接so或not来表示省略,指代上文提到的内容。Fm afraid so.意为“恐怕是这样的工Fm afraid not.意为“恐怕不是这样的;恐怕不行”。活学活用1.一Are you the dark?Yes,so 1 always go to sleep with my bedroom lights on at night.A.interested in B.satisfied withC.friendly to D.afraid of【解析】考查形容词短语。句意:你怕黑吗?怕,所以我晚上总是开着灯睡觉。根据so I always goto sleep with my bedroom lights on at night可知,前者是在问后者是否怕黑。be afraid o害怕.”,符合语境。【答案】D2.(2021 江苏苏州)一Hi,Jack!Im just going to the practice for the concert.Are you coming to play yourviolin?,Carl.I have to finish my report today.A.Youd better notB.lt doesnt matterC.rm afraid not D.Dont worry【解析】考查交际用语。句意:嗨,杰克!我正好去参加音乐会的排练。你要来拉小提琴吗?恐怕不行,卡尔。我今天必须完成我的报告。Youd better not“你最好不要”;Il doesnt mailer“不要紧”;afraidnot恐怕不行”;Don,l worry“别担心。根据I have to finish my report today.”可知,此处表示拒绝邀请。【答案】C考点 5 辨析 arrive,reach 和 get【教材原句】Don5t arrive late for class.上课不要迟到。(Pl9)arrive,reach与 get三者都有“到达”之意,但用法有所不同,具体区别如下:单词用法注意arrive不及物动词,其后一要接“in/at+地点名词”。一般来说,到达较大的地方用in,到达较小的地方用ato均可直接接地点副词home,here,there等。reach及物动词,后面可直接接宾语。get不及物动词,其后接“to+地点名词例如:He arrived in Nanjing yesterday.他昨天至lj达了 南京。The train arrived at the station 20 minutes late.火车迟 了 20 分钟到站。When did you reach New York?你什么时候到纽约的?We got to the top of the mountain at noon.我们在中午到达了 山顶。拓展延伸 如 果其后不接所到达的地点,通常用aniveo例如:When did he arrive?他什么时候到的?(2)reach还可意为“伸手够.;够 得 着 例 如:He reached for the apple on the tree,but he couldnt reach it.他伸手够树上的苹果,但是够不着。活学活用They have visited some places of interest since they China.A.arrivedB.studiedC.reached D.got【解析】考查动词。句意咱从他们到中国后,他们参观了一些名胜古迹。根据句意可知,此处表示到达中国,而 arrive,get后跟地名时需加介词,故 用 reacho【答案】C考 点 6wear的用法【教材原句】Does he have to wear a uniform at school?他上学时必须穿校服吗?(P21)wear作及物动词时,常见用法如下:L意为“穿着;戴着;留(胡须、头发等广。例如:She was wearing a gold ring.她戴着一枚金戒指。2.意为“面露;面带;呈现(某种神态广。例如:He was wearing a pleasant smile.他一直面带愉快的微笑。妙辨异同辨析 wear,put on,dress,be in 和 have.on(l)wear”穿着;戴着“,强调状态,可用于穿衣,穿鞋,戴帽子、手套、首饰等。put on”穿上;戴上”,强调动作,宾语通常是衣服。宾语若是代词须放在put和 o n 之间。反义词组是takeofT脱下(3)dress给.穿衣 ,宾语通常是人。常见搭配:dress sb.”给某人穿衣服”(强调动作);dress oneself咱己穿衣服”;be/get dressed in.“穿着.;戴着.”(强调状态)。(4)be in”穿着;戴着”,强调状态,其后可以接颜色或衣物。(5)have.on“穿着,强调状态,不能用于进行时态中。例如:The emperor had nothing on.皇帝什么也没穿。活学活用l.The boy wearing a pair of glasses can himself now.A.put B.wearC.dress D.have【解析】考查动词。句意:那个戴眼镜的男孩现在可以自己穿衣服了。此处为固定搭配dress oneself表示“自己穿衣服”。【答案】C2.Look!The girl red is helping an old man cross the road.A.ofB.onC.in D.at【解析】考查介词。句意:看!那个穿着红色衣服的女孩正在帮助一位老人过马路。此处用“in+颜色名词”表示“穿着某种颜色的衣服”。【答案】C考点7strict的用法【教材原句】Parents and schools are sometimes strict,but remember,they make rules to help us.家长和学校有时很严格,但记住,他们制定规则是为了帮助我们。(P23)strict作形容词,意为“严格的;严厉的”。常见搭配:1 .be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格”。例如:Our English teacher is strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求严格。2.卜 06tHet jn,*如意为“对某事要求严格”。例如:My father is strict in my math.我的爸爸对我的数学学习要求严格。活学活用Mrs.Smith is with her children about table manners and always reminds them to behave well.A.strict B.busyC.popular D.careful【解析】考查形容词。句意:史密斯夫人对她孩子的餐桌礼仪要求很严格,并且总是提醒他们要举止得体。be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格“,符合语境。【答案】A考 点 8forget的用法【教材原句】People say that an elephant never forgets.人们说“大 象 从 来 不 会 忘 记(P29)forget to do sth.忘记要做某事(没做心forget-、4 forg