2021-2022学年山东省临沂市多区县高二（下）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf
2021-2022学年山东省临沂市多区县高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共30小题，共 67.5分）AAre you interested in a career in nursing?Prepare with this course where you will explore hownursing contributes to the health and well-being of individuals and communities around theworld.You will learn about the different parts nurses play,including the mission of nurses in publichealth.You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help peopleand communities care for themselves.This course has been created by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing,Midwifery&Palliative Care,as part of the PADILEIA project.lt is supported by SPHEIR UK aid.What topics will you cover?*The roles and unique contributions of nurses globally*Principles and applications of Holistic care within a local context*How nursing can support people and communities to care for themselves*The role of nurses in public health,and the role of World Health Organization*The three impact of nursing.How nursing can improve health；promote gender equality；andcontribute towards stronger economiesLearning on this courseYou can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online.On every step of thecourse you can meet other learners,share your ideas and join in with active discussions in thecomments online.Who is the course for?This course has been created for refugees（难民）,displaced people and the communitiessupporting them in the MENA（Middle East and Northern Africa）region who wish to studynursing or a healthcare-related course at a university in English.lt has been created as part of thePADILEIA project.However,it will also be of interest to anyone looking to develop their knowledge of nursing andhealthcare.Supported by UK aid-Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education Jnnovation and Reform.1.Whats the chief purpose of the course?A.To teach people how to care for themselves.B.To train people for nursing and healthcare.C.To help nurses improve their nursing skills.D.To allow nurses to share their experience online.2.What can learners do in the process of learning the course?A.Study on their own and pace themselves.B.Discuss the PADILEIA project online.C.Study with other learners face to face.D.Learn from other experienced learners in hospitals.3.Where is the text likely to be taken from?A.An advertisement.B.A science report.C.An entertainment poster.D.A travel guide.BArchitect Diebedo Francis Kere of Burkina Faso won the Pritzker Prize,the worlds highestrecognition in building design.Kere is a citizen of both Burkina Faso and Germany and lives in Berlin.He said he was thehappiest man on this planet to become the 51st recipient of the famous yearly prize.Kere isfamed for building schools,heal th centers,housing and other public spaces across Africa.Hisbuildings can be found in his homeland,as well as in Benin,Mali,Kenya,Mozambique,Togo andSudan.When he was twenty in 1985,Kere earned a vocational scholarship to study carpentry inBerlin.But while absorbed in the practicality of roofing and furniture making,he also attendednight school and was admitted to Technische Universitiit Berlin,from which he graduated in2004 with an advanced degree in architecture.He was still a student when he designed and builtthe innovative Gando Primary School.Unlike traditional school buildings,which use concrete,Kere*s inventive design combined localclay and cement to form bricks.The material helps keep the building cool in a hotenvironments wide,raised metal roof protects the building from rain and helps air flow.Kereinvolved the local community throughout the design and building of the school.The number ofstudents at the school increased from 120 to 700.第2页，共43页Kere is the first African to be honored with the Pritzker.In his native Burkina Faso,citizenscelebrated the win.Nebila Aristide Bazie,head of the Burkina Faso architects council,said theaward highlights the African architect and the people of Burkina Faso.*He knows,from within,that architecture is not about the object but the objective；not theproduct,but the process,says the 2022 Jury Citation（评审辞），in part.Francis Keres entirebody of work shows us the power of materiality rooted in place.His buildings,for and withcommunities,are directly of those communities-in their making,their materials,their programsand their unique characters.M4.What can we know about Kere from the text?A.He got a degree in architecture in 1986.B.Many of his buildings can be found in Berlin.C.He is highly popular in his native Burkina Faso.D.He is the first German winner of the Pritzker Prize.5.Why does Kere use bricks made of local clay and cement?A.To keep the building cool in hot weather.B.To make the building stronger.C.To protect the building from rain.D.To ensure better indoor air flow.6.What did Nebila probably think of Keres winning the Pritzker Prize?A.Touching and impressive.B.Amazing and unexpected.C.Deserving and fortunate.D.Exciting and inspiring.7.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.The reasons for awarding K6rC the Pritzker Prize.B.Kere*s concepts of architecture in Africa.C.Keres diverse styles of African buildings.D.The real purpose of Keres whole works.cToday,there are numerous ways to exercise and stay healthy.From working out in a gym toriding a bike to work,staying active may have never been easier.Despite all this,a new studyfinds Americans are actually much less active than their ancestors 200 years ago.Infact,researchers from Harvard University say the average American stays physically active for30 fewer minutes than people did in 1820.The team came to this conclusion after examining historical data which shows that bodytemperature among Americans has been falling for years.The results of a Stanford Universityreport showed that the average body temperature of Americans has dropped from the age-old98.6 degrees Fahrenheit to about 97.5 degrees.They also looked at changes in metabolic rates（代谢率）,which measure how physicallyactive people are.Researchers found that the resting metabolic rate-the total number of caloriesthe body burns while completely at rest-has declined by six percent since 182O.Researchers saymetabolism plays a key role in producing bod heat and much of this depends on how active aperson is.So whats the cause of all this?Instead of walking to work,we take cars or trains；instead ofphysical labor in factories,we use machines,H says lead author Andrew K.Yegian.Wevemade technology do our physical activity for us.Our hope is that this helps people think moreabout the long-term changes of activity that have come with our changes in lifestyle andtechnology.The team also pulled data from two other studies to come up with an estimate of how muchexercise Americans got in 1820 in comparison to today.This will bring great benefits to myfield of work because it can help us assess just how much increases in the incidence（发生率）of heart disease and Alzheimers（老年痴呆症）is related to decreases in physical activity,says Daniel E.Lieberman.8.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.Americans*lifestyle is changing.B.There are different ways to exercise.C.Humans physical condition is getting worse.D.Americans do not exercise as much as they used to.9.Why does the author use two figures in Paragraph 2?A.To provide an example.B.To support a conclusion.C.To introduce a topic.D.To explain a rule.10.What results in Americans becoming less active according to Andrew K.Yegian?A.The use of technology.B.Americans health condition.C.Americans1 plain laziness.D.A lack of time.11.What can we infer about Lieberman from the text?第4 页，共43页A.He likes physical exercise.B.He suffers from Alzheimers.C.He works in the medical field.D.He is a patient with heart disease.DNew homes and buildings in England will be required by law to fix electric vehicle chargingpoints from next year,the prime minister has announced.The government said the move will seeup to 145,000 charging points fixed across the country each year.New-buildsupermarkets,workplaces and buildings undergoing major rebuilding will also come under thenew law.The move comes as the UK aims to switch to electric cars,with new petrol and diesel（柴油）cars sales banned from 2030.Announcing the new laws at the Confederation of BritishIndustrys conference on Monday,Prime Minister Boris Johnson said the UK was going to ”change its cars,trucks,buses and other means of transport.The government said the new laws will make car charging as easy as refueling a petrol ordiesel car today.It said simpler ways to pay to charge vehicles through contactless（无接触的）payments would also be introduced at all new fast and rapid charge points.Britain currently has about 25，000 charging points,but the Competition and Markets Authorityhas said it could need 10 times as many before 2030.The switch to electric vehicles is part ofthe UKs strategy to hit climate targets,with cars and taxis accounting for 16%of UK emissions（排放量）in 2019.Several major car companies,such as Jaguar and Volvo plan to go all electric from 2025 and2030 and Ford has said all vehicles sold in Europe will be electric by 2030.UK electric car salesare growing,with about 10%of cars sold in 2020 being electric,up from 2.5%in 2018.Mike Childs,Friends of the Earths head of policy,welcomed the governmentsannouncement,adding that electric vehicles had a significant role to play in building azero-carbon future.New housing should also include safe cycle storage and access to highquality public transport,to provide real alternatives to driving and help cut traffic jam,MrChilds added.12.What does the underlined word radically in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Temporally.B.Reasonably.C.Slightly.D.Completely.13.Whats the present situation of the UKs charging points?A.Theyre far from enough.B.New-build ones are much safer.C.Some are under reconstruction now.D.They all use contactless payments.14.Whats Mike Childs1 attitude towards the governments new law?A.Unclear.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Intolerant.15.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.The UKs Plan to Hit Climate Targets.B.A New Law Announced by Britains Government.C.The UK Aiming to Switch to Electric Cars.D.New Homes in England to Have Charging Points.EFour Great Musicals for YouDrama 101By：Stephen Gallagher and Kevin WongPreparing a party for their beloved high school drama teacher on the eve of her retirementgroup of students describe how she changed their lives in this funny,heartwarming andinspiring musical.This musical features a cast of young artists aged 13-19.Its sure to touch thehearts of theatre kids of every age.Tickets：$15；5%discountBe Kind,RewindBy：Barbara Johnston and Suzy WildeWhen fifteen-year-old Deirdre is sent to live with her cousins in 1995,she gets a job at the localvideo store where she falls in love with movies.The story is funny and heartwarming.Thismusical shines a light on growing up in the mid-90*s and honors the now-extinct video store.Forthose who are missing life in the 90fs,like songs and movies at that time,this show will touchthem.Tickets：$20；20%discountTITA JokesBy：The TITA CollectiveThe show centers around the women in our lives like our aunts,moms,daughters and第6 页，共43页partners.Through this musical,many of you will see more clearly their struggles andheartaches,and also how they deal with comedy and songs.In the musical,the performers singand dance.TheyYe humorous,enjoying making jokes.Tickets：$18；5%discountUnravelled：A New MusicalBy：Andrew SeokThree of the greatest love stories of all time（Romeo&Juliet,Orpheus Eurydice,Della&Jim inThe Gift of the Magi）are wonderfully retold and re-imagined to create an entirely new story oflove.All three stories begin as they always have,but quickly intertwine（紧密相连）The ideaof writing one musical with all three separate stories never occurred to me until I wanted towrite a completely different show,“said Seok.Tickets：$16；10%discount16.What is Drama 101 mainly about?A.The challenges of high school life.B.The preparation for a welcome party.C.The story between a teacher and students.D.The plan of a teacher ready to leave school.17.What is special about TITA Jokes?A.It calls for equal rights for women.B.It tells womens life stories in a light tone.C.It focuses on womens advantages over men.D.It centers on womens achievements in comedy.18.Which musical costs the audience the least?A.Drama 101.B.Be Kind,Rewind.C.TITA Jokes.D.Unravelled：A New Musical.FIt began the moment I sat down：An immediate sense of strong kinship（亲切感）with thepeople who chose to spend one week of their summer vacation in the Creative WritingWorkshop at the University of Mississippi.!had been looking forward to bonding with somelike-minded people.I wasnt disappointed.!immediately hit it off with two other students,andwe spent the rest of our week focusing on what had brought us together：a love of writing.Our instructors were two graduate students in the university,and the writing camp was stronglyaimed at seeing what we could create from locating ourselves in new places.On the first day ofthe camp,we each were asked to choose a spot in the town square where we could write aboutour surroundings.We were told to focus on all of the senses but to prioritizehearing,taste,smell,and touch over sight.Throughout the week,we did similar exercises,findinginspiration in nature and in our own direct experiences.In the writing camp,I received encouragement from our instructors to publish and to getinvolved in the writing community.Learning about our instructors writing processes with theircurrent projects and about their experiences of publishing helped us catch sight of what ourwriting lives might look like in the future.In fact,because they encouraged us to start publishingsomething I started sending my work out.My first short story will go to press early next month.My experience with the writing workshop was a big success,and I cannot recommend it highlyenough.You will make lasting friendships there,be inspired by a green southern town with aliterary history,and gain valuable writing experience.!hope this review will be helpful to thosewho are looking for a great writing workshop.19.How did the author probably feel when she first met other students in the workshop?A.Nervous.B.Pleased.C.Proud.D.Disappointed.20.What is special about the writing camp?A.It has famous writers as instructors.B.It focuses on developing students*imagination.C.It attaches more importance to the sense of sight.D.It asks students to write about surroundings using different senses.21.What contributes most to the publication of the authors short story?A.The pressure of her writing projects.B.The help from the writing community.C.The experiences as a graduate student.D.The encouragement from her instructors.22.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To give us tips on writing.B.To show her love for writing.第 8 页，共43页C.To recommend the Creative Writing Workshop.D.To share her experiences at the University of Mississippi.GToday,the most frightening living shark is the great white,which is over si
