英语试题练习题教案学案课件新视野大学英语第二册教案.pdf

新视野大学英语第二册教案Unit 1Section A Time-conscious AmericansI.Objectivesl.Skills:l)reading:reading for the main ideas in paragraphs and the ways to develop the main ideas(tospell out the relationship within a paragraph by placing questions between the parts)2)writing:deduction organization,exemplification,comparison&contrast,cause&effect3)listening:understanding the passages about time-consciousness,listening for the main idea andthe important details,learning to take notes while listening4)speaking:talking about how to make better use of time2.Vocabulary development:1)words:budget,acute,replace,brief,interaction,assess,consequently,device,significance,conduct,obtain,whereas,competent,fulfill2)expressions:to fall behind,to result in,to commit to,to race through,to take it personally,toaccount for,to have a sense of,be under pressure,to do sth.within the time allowed,beyond acertain point,to go with,to develop a sense of trust,to have little or no relation to,be worthy of,tofulfill a job,to pour into3.Grammar:l)as if+that clause2)subject+predicate+object3)much less.4)It is considered+adj.+to do sth.5)The+relative degree of adj.,the+relative degree of adj.IL Teaching arrangement1 .Total class time for this unit:6 periods2.Suggested arrangement:1)section A 4 periods 2)section B 2 periodsIII.Pre-reading Activities:1.Listen and TalkListening:Look at the following key words and then listen to the passage.After listening,look atsome questions and decide which choice is the correct one and then have a discussion.upset,tardiness,offence,show up,punctual,insult,emphasis,priority,social engagements,relaxedattitude,time-consciousQuestions:1)In which country are you expected to be late for party?A.Germany B.Mexico C.Japan D.America2)Which of the following is a high priority in time-conscious societies?A.Being punctual for parties B.Arriving early in social engagementsC.Bearing in mind“Time is money,D.Getting a job done on time Script:Time AcrossCulturesYour friends are having a dinner party at 8 p.m.You arrive 20 minutes late.Are they upset?That may depend on where you live.In Gennany,your tardiness would probably be considered anoffense.In Mexico,however,your friends might be surprised that you showed up soearly.Some cultures place a high value on being punctual.Others have a more relaxed attitudetoward time.In Mexico,arriving late to a dinner party is expected.Hosts usually plan for theirguests to arrive late.People in Japan and Germany are extremely time conscious.In thesecountries,its best to arrive right on time to meetings and social engagements.Arriving even fiveminutes late may insult your host.Being punctual is usually important in North America,NorthernEurope and some other parts of the world.In business situations especially,you should always beon time.Americans have a popular saying“Time is money.From this saying we can see thatAmericans place a strong emphasis on time.Time-conscious societies usually expect results.Getting a job done on time is a high priority2.Discussion1)Americans have a saying“Time is money.How do you understand it?2)In America,there?s another saying about time:“We are slaves to nothing but the cIock.Howdo you understand this saying?IV.Text Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItCentral topic:Time-conscious Americans(Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,theother being labor”Para.1)Structure Analysis:Americans save time carefully.(Para.1)Americans?attitude towards time and how they try to save time in daily life and in business(Paras.2-7)Time is a precious source.(Para.2)Americans save time in their daily life.(Para.3)Americans save time in doing business.(Para.4)Americans produce labor-saving devices in order to save time.(Paras.5-7)It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a jobsuccessfully with speed in the US.(Para.8)Major Writing Techniques:1.Deduction organizationGeneral statement:Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the otherbeing labor.”Specific statements:1)(Para.3)In the US everyone seems to be in a rush in daily life,e.g.shopping,eating out,walking,driving a car,etc.2)(Para.4)Americans start talking business directly without opening exchanges.23)(Paras.5-7)Americans work hard at the task of saving time by producing a steady flow oflabor-saving devices,e.g.faxes,phone calls,emails,etc.Conclusion:(Para.8)It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or beingcompetent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the US.2.Exemplification(Illustration)Typical sentences:1)(Para.3)“City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going.Racingthrough daytime meals is part of life.You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will pushpast you.2)(Para.4)“Many new arrivals to the States will miss the opening exchanges of abusiness call,fbr example.They will miss the ritual interaction.They may miss leisurelybusiness chats.v3.Comparison&contrastIn order to make it clear that Americans are time-conscious,the text compares the differentconventions of other countries(new arrivals)with the Americans attitude towards time.1)(Para.4)“Many new arrivals.will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cupof tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country.Normally,Americans do notassess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings.2)(Para.6)“In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact,requiring aface-to-face conversation.In America,too,a final agreement will be normally signed in person.However,people are meeting increasingly on television screens,”3)(Para.8)“Some newarrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly.In the US,however,it is taken as a sign of skillfiilness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a jobsuccessfully,with speed.”4.Cause&effectTypical sentences:1)(Para.3).Dont take it personally.This is because people value time highly,and they resentsomeone else wasting”it beyond a certain appropriate point.2)(Para.4)4t.Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially,we starttalking business very quickly.Time is,therefore,always ticking in our inner ear.3)(Para.5)Consequently,we work hard at the task of saving time.We,therefore,save mostpersonal visiting fbr after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings,4)(Para.7).This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here,whereasthe postal service is less efficient.”5)(Para.8)“Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse,it seems in their eyes as if thetask being considered were insignificant,not worthy of proper respect.Assignments are,consequently,felt to be given added weight by the passage of tim e.”3V.Words and phrasesl.fall behind:1)become bit by bit further behind2)(with)fail to finish at the proper timefall behind in scien ce在科学方面落后fall behind ones competitors 落后于竞争对手fall behind with the rent 拖欠房租fall behind with my work2.result in:have as a result;causecf.result from:be caused by3.account for:1)give a satisfactory explanation about(how sth.is used)2)be the cause or origin ofcf take.into account,on account of4.race through:do sth.in a hurry 匆匆完成5.abrupt adj.:l)(of behavior)rough2)sudden and unexpectedan abrupt attitude 无礼的态度an abrupt change of policy 突然改变政策6.go with:exist or take place at the same time,be found together7.much less(also still Iess):and even less likelycf.much more,not to mention oflet alone,to say nothing of,not to speak of8.given(that)prep.:taking into accountNotice that“given“is followed by a noun phrase,while“given that“is followed by a finiteclause.FOR EXAMPLE:9.save.for:keep sth.for future use,not use up sth.10.at hand!)under discussion or being considered2)near in time orplace11.obtain vt.:get,achieveThe news writer immediately set out to obtain the importantfa c ts.那位新闻记者立即着手了解这些重要的事实。12.whereas conj.:but,in contrast:while13.in ones eyes:in the opinion or judgment of someone14.be worthy of:merit,deserveCompare:worth,worthy,worthwhileIt is worth(doing)sth.Sth.is worthy of+n./being done/to be doneIt is worthwhile doing/to do sth.这件事值得考虑。The matter is worth consideration/considering.4The matter is worthy of consideration/being/to be considered.It is worthwhile considering/to consider the matter.15.get sth./sb.doing(sth.):make sth./sb.do sth.VI Expressions1.to fall behind(L.l)落后2.to result in(L.2)导致，造成mit to(researching,experimenting and exploring)(L.2)投身 于(研究、实验和探索)4.to take it personally(L.l8)针对某个人5.to account for(L.6)解释?的原因6.to have a rather acute sense of(the shortness of each lifetime)(L.7)深感(人生的短暂)7.be under pressure(L.l 1)在压力下8.(get back to work)within the time allowed(L.15)在规定的时间内(赶回去工作)9.(waste the time)beyond a certain appropriate point(L.20)不得当地(浪费时间)10.the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee(L.23)喝着茶或咖啡招待客人的礼节性交往11.to develop a sense of trust(L.29)增进相互间信任12.to have(little or)no relation to the matter at hand(L.37)与手头的事情(很少有或)完全没有关系13.be worthy of(proper respect)(L.50)值得(给予适当的重视)14.to fulfill(a job successfully)(L.53)(成 功 地)完 成(一项工作)15.pour into(L.54)涌入VII.Patternsl.a s if+从句:as i f 引导的方式状语从句，一般用虚拟语气Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse,it seems in their eyes as if the task beingconsidered were insignificant,not worthy of proper respect.2.subject+predicate+object,much less.Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk;much less do they take them out fbr dinner.People in the desert are always short of water to drink,much less to bathe in.沙漠地区的人们连喝的水也总是不够，更别提洗澡了。3.be+increasingly:人们越来越意识到健康的重要性。People are increasingly aware of the importance of beinghealthy.4.It is considered+adj.+to do sth.:Sb./Sth.is taken as？被认为是It is considered impolite to work too quickly.It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem.5.th e+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级表示“越 ，越 ”在社会阶梯上爬得越高，他就越贪婪。5The higher he climbs the ladder of the society,the more greedy he is.Section B:Culture ShockI.Reading skills:Reading for the Main Ideas in ParagraphsIn this part,the teacher will introduce several ways to find out the main idea sentence in aparagraph and then the students can practise the skill.The main idea of a paragraph is usuallystated by one of the sentences in the paragraph.The main idea sentence is commonly known as”atopic sentence or a topic statement”.It may appear in one of several places in the paragraph.Most frequently the first sentence of a paragraph states the main idea,as is clear from thefollowing example taken from Reading Passage A:Consequently,we work hard at the task of saving time.We produce a steady flow of labor-savingdevices;we communicate rapidly through faxes,phone calls or emails rather than throughpersonal contacts,which though pleasant,take longerespecially given our traffic-filled streets.We,therefore,save most personal visiting for after work hours or for social weekend gatherings.(Para.5,Reading Passage A,Unit 1)Main idea:We work hard at the task of saving time.However,the main idea sentence may alsoappear in other places:in the middle or at the end of a paragraph.Look at two more examplestaken from Reading Passage A:1.We are slaves to nothing but the clock,“it has been said.Time is treated as if it weresomething almost real.We budget it,save it,waste it,steal it,kill it,cut it,account fbr it;we alsocharge fbr it.It is a precious resource.Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness ofeach lifetime.Once the sands have run out of a persons hourglass,they cannot be replaced.Wewant every minute to count.(Para.2,Reading Passage A,Unit 1)Main Idea:It(=Time)is a precious resource.In this paragraph the main idea appears in the middle of the paragraph.2.Americans believe no one stands still.If you are not moving ahead,you are falling behind.Thisattitude results in a nation of people committed to researching,experimenting and exploring.Timeis one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the other being labor.(Para.1,ReadingPassage A,Unit 1)Main Idea:Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the other being labor.In this paragraph the main idea appears at the end of this paragraph.Please notice that sometimes there is no sentence in the paragraph which directly states the mainidea.That doesnt mean that there isnt a main idea in the paragraph,only the main idea is implied.In these cases you have to write a sentence to sum up the main idea of the paragraph.II.Language points:1.desirable a.:worth having,doing or desiring because it is useful,necessary,or populareg.It is most desirable that he should attend the convention.他要是能参加此次会议，是最好不过的了。Notice:in the structure“It is desirable that the verb in the that-clause6is usually in the subjunctive form or“should”is used before the main verb.2.fascinating a.:interesting and able to attractPeople find her points quite fascinating.人们发现她的观点很吸引人。3.clash(with)vi.disagree seriously,come into argument or non-agreement stateNotice:The word is sometimes used as a noun.a clash of interests 利益上的冲突4.have difficulty(in)doing/with sth.做某事有困难have a lot of/no/much/little/great difficulty with English grammar/(in)learning English grammar,have trouble/problem doing sth/with sthNotice:If have difficulty is followed directly by a noun phrase,the preposition with is usedand the preposition can never be omitted in this case.5.familiar to:If sth.is familiar to you,it is well known to you or you often experience/encounterit.familiar with:If you are familiar with sth.,you have a good knowledge of it or you know it indetail.你熟悉棒球规则吗？Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?拉金不但汉语讲得好，他还通晓中国古代史。Larkin not only speaks Chinese well,but also is familiar with early Chinese history.6.as though:as would be the case if;appearing to be the case that.We may also use“as if for the same meaning.Notice:The verb in the“as though and as if clause is very often in the subjunctive mood,though it is by no means always so.7.hostility n.:strong reaction against;unfriendlinesshave no hostility towards anyoneNotice:When the word is used to mean acts of war or fighting,it is used inits plural form.eg.Their meeting led to an end of the hostilities between the two countries.他们的会谈促成了双方停火。8.repression n.:C,U a psychological term meaning actively preventing an unwelcomethought from conscious awareness 心理学 压抑The repression of your true feelings is harmful to your health.压抑你的真实感情有害健康。Notice:Apart from being a psychological term,this word also has a common meaning.发生在这个国家里的政治镇压已引起世界范围的抗议。The political repression in this country has led to worldwide protest.9.distress vt:(usu.passive)cause great pain or sufferingdistress n.l)great pain,sadness,suffering2)suffering caused by lack of money3)a state of danger or great difficulty10.rejection n.:C,U refusing to accept,consider or useeg.He keeps applying for jobs,but is given rejections only.他不断写信求职，但一次次地被回绝。应用：711.appreciate vt.:understand and enjoyeg.We all appreciate the holiday after a year of