职称英语综合类B级词汇精华.pdf

职称英语综合类B级词汇讲解（4）A.moved：感动的B.touched：动人的、感人的（=moved）C.surprised:吃惊的，be surprised at sth.Im very surprised to see you here.D.worried:担心的、发愁的，同义词 anxious,搭配：be worried aboutHe is worried about his exam.所以：surprised=shocked=astonished2.The weather（天气）is a constant（不断发生的、不变的）subject 住题）ofconversation（,谈 话）in Britain（英国）.（answer:D）A.question：问题、疑问、询问，常见的搭配：an open question未解决的问题、允许公开争论的问题B.problem 问题、难 题,solve a problem 解决问题；C.title名称、题目、标题、头衔D.topic话题、主题3.This is not typical（典型的、有代表性的）of English,but is a feature（特点、特征）of the Chinese language,（answer:B）A.particular：个别的、特别的、挑剔的，如：his particular problems他的个人问题；particular importance 特 另 ll的重要；shes very particular about her clothes.（她对她的衣服很挑剔。）,副词：particularly=especiallyB.characteristic：典型的，常见搭配：be characteristic of=be typical ofC.remarkable:不同寻常的、出类拔萃的，同义词：unusual=exceptional=extraordinaryD.idiomatic:来自于idiom习语、成语;idiomatic符合语言或方言的特点的4.I t is virtually（几乎）impossible（不可能）to persuade（劝说）him to apply for（申请）the job.（answer:B）A.simply：简单地、仅仅 I bought the house simply because it was very big.B.almost 儿乎、差不多。She is almost 40 years old.补充：persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做某事职称英语综合类B级词汇精华 acre。n.英亩 across prep.横过,穿过;在 的对面;交叉，经过（一段时间）;a d.横过，穿过，在另一边 act-v i.行动，做，表演;v t.扮演（角色），装作;n.行为，行动，条例，（戏剧的）一幕 actiona n.活动,行为;作用 active,a.有活力的，积极的，主动的 activity,n.（pl.）活动，所做的事情，活动性，活跃 actor,n.演员，男演员;行动者 actress n.女演员 actuala a.事实上的，实际的 actuallya a d.实际上 a.d.B 公元 adn.广告 adapt,v t.使适应，使适合;改写，改编 add.v i.增加;加,相加;v t.加,增 加，接着讲（或写）additions n.加,加法;附加部分，增加 additional,a.附加的，另 夕 卜 的 address,n.地址，住址;讲话，演说;向 讲话;写姓名地址 adequate a.足够的，充分的 adjustB v t.调整，调节，校准，校对;v i.调整，校准，适应于 administrationn n.管理，经营，行政机关 admirea v t.羡慕，赞美，钦佩职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲15A.stated firmly B.argued light-mindedlyC.thought seriously D.announced regretfully解释：asserted：state(sth)clearly and forcefully as the truth清楚而有力地表明(某事物)为事实；声称；断言：She asserted her innocence/that she was innocent.她坚称自己很清白 她是无辜的.2.The proposal provoked widespread criticism.A.demanded B.elicited C.extracted(obtain 获取)D.defied(openly oppose)解释：provoked：to cause a reaction,especially an angry onecause(sth)to occur or arouse(a feeling,etc)使(某 事 物)产 生；引 起(某 种 感 情 等)：provoke laughter,riots,smiles,violence引起大笑、暴乱、微笑、暴力行为elicit(v.)makes other people respond or react.弓I 出，诱出，探出3.Other peoples houses always fascinated herA.intrigued B.infected C.inclined D.inconvenienced解释：fascinated：attract or interest(sb)greatly使(某 人)着 迷、神魂颠倒或极感兴趣：The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.孩子们让商店橱窗里的玩具给吸引住了.Intrigue(v.)arouse sbs interest or curiosity 激起某人的兴趣或好奇心:What you say intrigues me;tell me more.你说的很有意思，多给我讲些吧.infect(v.)cause sb/sth to have a disease;contaminate sb/sth使某人 某物 传染、感染；污染某人 某事物:The laboratory animals had been infected with the bacteria.实验室的动物都已受到这种细菌的感染.inconvenience(v.)to cause inconvenience to(sb/sth)to cause trouble or difficulty for sb给(某 人 某事物)带来不便；麻烦；打扰：邮件延误给这些公司造成极大不便.incline(v.)lean or slope in the direction of sth 向某物的方向倾斜：persuade sb to do sth;cause a certain tendency in sb;influence sb 说服某人做某事；使某人有某倾向；对某人施加影响4.We hope the factions will be able to settle their differences by peacefulmeans.职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲8A.Clearly B.Almost C.Absolutely D.Basically【解析】clearly是“清晰地、明显地的意思；almost是“差不多、几乎的意思；absolutely是 绝对地、完全地”的意思。Basically与 practically都有 基本上的意思。选 Do2.The story was very touching.A.Inspiring B.Boring C.Moving D.absorbing【解析】A 鼓舞人心的；B 令人厌烦的；C 移动的；D 吸引人的，目标词就是“吸引人、引人入胜”的意思。选 D。3.You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A.Spread B.Mixed C.Beaten D.covered【解析】A 传播、伸展；B 混合；C 打败；D 覆盖。选 B4.1 wont tolerate that kind of behavior.A.bear B.accept C.admit D.take【解析】A 忍受、容忍；B 接受；C 承认、容许；D 拿、带走。选 A。5.The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity.A.method B.measure C.way D.manner【解析】A 方法；B 测量、估量；C 方法、道路；D 方式、习惯。选 B。6.Many of novelist Carson McCullers/characters are isolated,disappointedpeople.A.solitary B.certain C.inconsistent D.proper【解析】A 孤独的、独居的；B 特定的；C 不一致的、前后矛盾的；D 适当的。选 Ao7.The workers finally called off the strike.A.put off B.ended C.cancelled D.participated in【解析】A 推迟；B 结束；C 取消；D 参与。选 C。8.John has made up his mind not to go to the meeting.A.wanted B.promised C.decided D.agreed【解析】A 想要；B 许诺；C 决定；D 同意。选 C。9.1 catch cold now and then.A.always B.occasionally C.constantly D.regularly【解析】A 总是、一直；B 偶尔；C 不断地；D 定期地。选 B。10.He often finds fault with my work.A.criticizes B.praises C.evaluates D.talks about【解析】A 批评；B 表扬；C 评价；D 讨论。选 A。11.The little girl grasped her mothers arm as she crossed the street.A.understood B.had a hold over C.took hold of D.left hold of【解析】A 理解，领会；B 支持；C 抓住；D 松手、放开。选 C。12.In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we havebeen very busy recently.A.thought B.mind C.account D.memory【解析】A 思想、想法；B 精神、意见；C 解释、理由；D 记忆。选 C。Take something into account 可以和 take something into consideration 互换13.1 can no longer tolerate his actions.A.put up with B.accept C.take D.suffer from【解析】A 忍受、容忍。B 接受；C 带走；D 遭受。选 A。14.The doctors have abandoned the hope to rescue the old man.职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲11A.intentional B.noticeable C.sufficient D.absolute解 释:done on purpose;intentional故意的；有意的；蓄意的：a deliberate insult,lie,a ct蓄意的侮辱,存心编造的谎言，故意的行为2.They thought his behaviour was abnormal.A.frightening B.bad C.repeated D.unusal解释：abnormal：different,esp in an undesirable way,from what is normal,ordinary or expected反常的；不正常的；变态的：abnormal specimens,weather conditions,behaviour异常的样品、反常的天气、变态行为unusual(adj.)rare or exceptional异常的；罕有的；异乎寻常的：This bird is an unusual winter visitor to Britain.这种鸟很少冬季到英国来3.Its dangerous to overtake on a bend.A.skip a car B.pass a car C.reach a car D.lead4.It is advisable to practise each exercise individually before doing the wholeroutine.A.possible B.profitable C.easy D.wise解释：advisable：sensible and a good idea in order to achieve sth:明智的,可取的5.The detectives were beginning to solve the murder.All the pieces in thepuzzle were falling neatly into place（谜团开始解开）.A.problem B.mystery C.question D.point解释：puzzle：question that is difficult to understand or answer;mystery难题；谜一般的事物:Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲5A.love B.surprise C.anger D.doubtC 解析 Patricia生气的瞪着其他的女孩。resentment愤恨；如：He shows noresent,ment to anyone.他不怨恨任何人。C.anger愤怒；最符合题意。如：I cannotcontrol my anger.我无法控制自己的愤怒。A.love 爱；$0：Love conquers a l l.爱能战胜一切。B.surprise惊奇；如：What a pleasant surprise!多惊喜的事情呀!D.doubt 怀疑;如：There is no doubt that we willbe successful.毫无疑问我们会成功。2.Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.A.energetic B.free C.physical D.regularA 解析 你的狗每天至少需要20分钟充沛的运动。vigorous：精力充沛的：A.energetic和它意思相同，表示有活力的，精力充沛的；例如：He is an energeticman.Everyday he works until midnight.他是个精力旺盛的人，每天都工作到半夜。B.free：自由的。C.physical：体力的,身体的；例如：to do physical exercise锻炼身体。D.regular：定期的，正式的；如：He has n。regular w ork.他没有正式的工作。例题：At 80,Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A.energetic B.happy C alone D.busy 本题选择 A。He impressed all his colleagues as a vigorous man in the prime of his career.A.hot-tempered B.healthy C.friendly D.patient本题选择B（健康又活力的人）3.I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues.A.boring B.original C.humorous D.long4.Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth.A.attract B.spend C.encourage D.require10.C 解桐低税收将刺激投资，帮助经济增长。spur：鞭策,激励;C.encourage和 spur 意思相同，鼓舞，鼓励；例如：New measures have been taken to encourageconsumption in China.中国采取了新的举措来刺激消费。A.attract：吸引；例如：His film has attracted a large audience.他的电影吸引了很多的观众。B.spend：花费；如：She spent the whole month to prepare for the examination.她用个月的时间准备考试。D.require：要求：如：This is the minimum quantity we require.这是我们所要求的最小数量。5.He demolished my argument in minutes.Demolish:refute,rebut（驳斥）A.supported B.disproved C.refuted D.accepted（课本词汇学习第10组第3 题考查demolish这个词）职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲10A.reasonable B.crazy C.sensible D.unbelievable解 释:sensible：reasonable识别力强的；合理的insane:adj not sane;mad;senseless 精神失常的；疯狂的；愚蠢的:an insane person精神错乱的人2.The internet is an invaluable source of information.A.simply useless B.really practicalC.very little D.extremely useful解释：invaluable：of value too high to be measured;extremely valuable价值高得无法估量的；极宝贵的3.Hawley said these costs were scrutinised exhaustively by independentaccountants.A.thoroughly B.long and boring C.superficially D.unconvincinglyan exhaustive enquiry,search 彻底的调查、搜查4.1 felt I hadnt been treated fairly.A.immediately B.correctly C.without bias D.in doubt（令人质疑）解释：fairly：without biasfair adj.reasonable,right,and just5.1 wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A.frightened B.encouraged C.upset D.delighted解释：scared：frightened of sth or afraid6.Theres little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.A.baggage B.orphanage（孤儿院）C.reportage D.usage（用法）解释：coverage：reporting of events,etc 新闻报道:TV coverage of the election campaign有关竞选活动的电视报道reportage：（formal）the reporting of news 新闻报道A.continuously B.quickly C.excessively D.exceptionally解释：steady(adj.)continuous;done,happening,working,etc in an even andregular way;developing,etc gradually without interruptions 均匀而有规律的；稳定的；持续的；不断的：a steady wind 匀速的风*a steady speed,flow,rate,pace,etc 稳定的速度、流速、速率、步子等*steady progress,improvement,etc持续的进步、改善等.8.Everyone said he was a decent sort of guy.A.honest B.rich C.good-looking D.high-ranking职称英语综合类B级词汇精华 amuse-v t.逗乐，使开心，给 提供娱乐 analogyn n.类似，相似，类比，类推 analyse/-yze v t.分析，分解 analysis!n.分析，分解 analytical a.分析的，分解的 ancestora n.祖宗，祖先 anchorn n.锚;v t.把 固定住，抛锚，泊（船）;v i.固定，抛锚 ancienta a.古代的，古老的，古式的 and.conj.和，与，加,那么，则 angeln n.天使，守护神 anger,n.生气，气愤;v t.激怒，使生气，使发怒 angle,n.角，角度，（看问题的）角度，观点 angry,a.发怒的，愤怒的 animala n.&a.动物（的），兽类（的）animate,a.有生命的，有生气的，生气勃勃的;v t.赋于生命，鼓励，激励 animationn n.生气，生机，生动，活泼，动画片，动画制作 anklea n.踝，踝节部 anniversary,n.周年，周 年 名 己 念 announce-v t.宣布，发表 announcementa n.布告，通告，预告，声明 annoy,v t.使生气，使恼火，打扰 annualn a.每年的，年度的;n.年刊，年鉴 anothera a.另一个，又，再;pron.另一个，类似的一个 answer,v.回答，答复;n.回答，答复 anta n.蚁 anticipaten v t.预料，预期 anxietya n.焦虑，挂念，担心，渴望，热望 anxiousB a.忧虑的，担心的，急于（得到）的，渴望的 any-a.一些，什么，任何的;pron.任何人 anybodya pron.某人，随便哪一个人，无论谁，任何人，任何人（用于否定、疑问、条件句中）anyhowH ad.不管怎样说，无论如何，不管以什方法，总之 anyonea pron.某人，随便哪一个人，无论谁，任何人 anythingB pron.任何事，任何东西（且于否定、疑问、条件句中），无论什么东西（事情）anyway,a d.不管怎样说，无论如何，不管以什方法，总之 anywherea ad.无论哪里，随便哪里，任何地方，什么地方（用于否定、疑问、条件句中职称英语综合类B级词汇选项题精讲16A.hold B.increase C.expect D.offer解释：accelerate：make（sth）move faster or happen earlier;increase the speedof使（某事物）加快；促 进（某事物）；加速：accelerating the rate of growth 提高生长率2.Shes an eternal optimist.A.everlasting B.long C.temporary D.boring解释：eternal：everlasting;without beginning or end;lasting or existing for ever永久的；永恒的；不朽的：the Eternal God 上帝eternal life,ie life after death of the body 永生eternal love永恒的爱3.We dont want staff to duplicate each others work.A.borrow B.purchase C.rewrite D.copy解释：duplicate：make an exact copy of(sth)复制(某物)4.Marys perpetual moaning drove me crazy.A.monotonous B.endless C.serious D.bitter解 释:perpetual：continuing indefinitely;permanent 永久的；永恒的:the perpetual snow of the Arctic北极终年不化的积雪5.The bolts met all the engineering specifications.A.expressions B.warnings C.instructions D.advertisements解释：specifications：details and instructions describing the design,materials,etcof sth to be made or done规格；规格说明：说明书；详述specifications for(building)a garage(建造)车房的规格说明;职称英语综合类B级词汇重点解析（六）“你结婚了吗？/Are you married or single?.不要问“你离婚了，什么原因呢？两人合不来吗？/Yoi/re divorced.What was thereason?Couldn/t you two get along?.不要问“你信教吗?/Do you go to church?.不要问 你信什么教?/What，s your religion?,7.不要问情态动词（Model V.）英语中常用的情态动词有can,may,must,ought,need,might,couldo在一定的场合下,shall,should,will,would也可用作情态动词。情态动词都有词义,并需要同另一个动词的原形构成谓语。除。ught后跟不定式以外，其他情态动词通常都跟动词原形构成谓语,有时也跟动词的完成或进行式构成谓语，如：They musthave gone to bed.He must be working in the lab.情态动词的否定式都是由“情态动词+not+.”构成。如：can not,need not,should noto职称英语中对情态动词的考察主要在于文章的阅读和完型填空题中。在复习过程中我们需要了解一些常见的情态动词的常用语义。cancan表示 能力，可能性，许可。后接完成时态的否定形式，表示对过去的某事情的怀疑或不肯定或惊奇。could作为can的过去式，也表示“能力，可能性和许可”，同 时 一 could还表示委婉的语气。后接完成时态，表示过去可能做的或本来可以做的事情。如：I could have lent you the money.Why didnt you ask me?/我本可以借钱给你，你为什么不问我？maymay表示 许可，可能。后接动词的完成时态表示可能或也许做过某事。如：She may not have caught the bus./她可能没有赶上车。Caught是 catch的过去分词的形式，含义是 赶（车/飞机）might作为may的过去式，表示可能性，允许等，或表示委婉的预期。后接完成时态，表示可能已做的，本可以做的事情。如：we might have taken a later train./我们本可以乘晚班火车。mustmust表示 必须或应当做的事情，must作为“必须”时，其否定式是neednt。Must接动词原形还可能表达对人或事物的推测，有“一定 的含义。如：You must be a film star./你一定是个电影明星。must后接完成时态，表示对过去发生的事情的推测，含有 想必，一定的含义。如：This carpet made by hand must have taken quite a long time./这块手工编制的地毯一定花费了很长的时间才编成。made by hand是过去分词的结构，在句子中作定语，修饰This carpettake:耗费（时间等）；需要（多少时间等）e.g.These things take tim e.这些事情需要花费时间。oughtought表示应该做的事情或推测。Ought后接不定式的完成，如用肯定结构，则表示本应该做的事而没做；如用否定结构，则表示过去不应该做的事情却做了。如：You ought not to have driven like that./你本不应该那样开车。如：You ought to have asked the leaders permission（许可）first./你本应该首先取得领导的许可。needneed表示 需要 或 必须 时，主要用语疑问句和否定句。Need接动词完成时态，多用在否定句，表示本可不必要做的事情。如：We neednt have gone to the lab./我们本来不需要去实验室的。shallshall作助动词主要用于第一人称将来时，作情态助动词主要用语第二和第三人称，表示承诺，规定，警告等。如：You shall get what you want./你会得到你想要的东西。what you want是宾语从句，作动词get的宾语。shouldshall的过去式，也可用作情态动词，表示 义务 或 劝告。也可表示推测或惊奇。如：They should be back by now./他们现在该回来了。should后接完成时态，表示应该做而实际上没做的事情。如：Everyone should have mastered（掌握）a foreign language./每个人本应该掌握至少一门外语。willwill作助动词时，可和一个动词构成将来时态，一般只用于第二，三人称。Will作情态动词，表示意志，意愿或猜测，或表示一种习惯性动作或事物的状态等。如：Water will boil（沸腾）at 100 degrees centigrade./水在 100 摄氏度会沸腾。补充：a t 时刻，年节，年龄，速度，刻度，价格）在 e.g.at five oclock 在 5 点/at noon 在中午/at Christmas 在圣诞节/at（the ageof）forty年四十/at the speed o f以/在.的速度;at the price o f.以/在 的价格would作为will,would也表示意志，意愿或猜测或一种习惯动作或事物的状态等。Would在表示询问或请求时，要比will委婉。can(could),may(might)/must,should,would 后常跟动词的进行形式，表示 可能，想必，应该 正在做某事的含义。如：What can she be doing this time?/她这个时候可能会在做什么呢？职称英语综合类B级词汇重点解析（四）-Coffee.（比较：boy（表 示 惊 奇（真 的?）等）-Shut up!（闭 嘴!）-Wonderful!（棒 极 了!）-Over there.（在那边）-Two,please.（请给我拿两个）-Those?（那些吗？）但是，英语介词和英语冠词是绝对不能独立成句的，这是因为英语的介词和冠词都是依附性的词汇，它们的出现和具有的词义由其所在的搭配结构中的其他词类决定的。（考研，1990）Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes to American audiences.A.around B.over C.across D.downC.分析：这道题中，因为介词后面没有出现名词性的结构，而是作状语的介词短语结构，因此空格处的词不是介词，而应该是副词。arounde.g.look around环视，四顾（adv.周围，四面）e.g.sit around a table围着桌子坐（perp.在周围，围着）overe.g.She put her hands over her face.她用手蒙住脸。（prep.在 的上面，越过）e.g.Take this over to the station.把这个拿到车站那边去。（adv.在那边，向那边）acrosse.g.walk across the street 穿过街道（prep.横过，越过；（走）过）downe.g.The wind went down.风逐渐停了（adv.向下（面）,降）e.g.run down the stairs 跑下楼梯（prep.自 向下）现在让我们根据所了解的这四个介词的基本词义来判断哪个选项是答案,Mike found it difficult to get his British jokes?to American audiences.迈 克 发 现 形 式 宾 语 困 难 的 他 的 英 国 的 笑 话 介 词 美 国 听 众借助空格前后结构的大致内容“英国笑话 和 美国观众，我们猜想英国的笑话 肯 定 要（跨越千山万水）才能传到美国，被美国听众理解，因此空格处最可能出现的是介词acrossoget across to:使理解这个句子的含义是 迈克发现能难让美国的观众理解他讲的英国笑话”。句中的it是形式上的宾语，句子真正的宾语是to get his British jokes acrossto American audiences”。小结：1.介词一定出现在名词性结构或代词的前面，或介词必须带名词性的结构或代词作其宾语，否则，这个介词就可能是副词。如：e.g.She put her hands over her face.她用手蒙住脸。（prep.在 的上面）e.g.Take this over to the station.把这个拿到车站那边去。（adv.在那边）2.介词总是和其他词类搭配使用：一些介词和不及物动词形成动词短语,如：sit around a table围着桌子坐；一些介词短语和名词搭配形成名词性的短语结构，如：his interest in music他对英语的兴趣；一些介词和形容词形成固定搭配结构，如：（be）good at English擅长英语；职称英语综合类B级词汇精华 africaa n.非洲 africanH a.非洲（人）的;n.非洲人 after,