2021-2022学年湖南省岳阳市华容县高一下学期期末考试英语试题.pdf
华容县2021-2022学年度第二学期期末监测试卷高 一 英 语注意事项：1.本试卷答题时间为120分钟，满分150分。2.考生作答时务必将选择题答案用2B铅笔涂在答题卡指定位置上，将非选择题答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡指定位置上；在本试卷上答题无效。3.考试完成后，将答题卡上交，试题卷考生自己留存。第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Why can the man speak German?2.A.He is German.3.C.He used to live in Germany.4.What did the man do?5.A.He acted in a movie.6.C.He communicated with children.7.What happened in the cafeteria?8.A.The man met his teacher.9.C.The man didnt take any money.10.Why doesnt the woman go to Europe?11.A.She is frightened.12.C.She has been there before.B.His teacher taught him.B.He had a fight with others.B.Someone took the mans chair.B.She doesnt like Europe.13.What are the two speakers talking about?14.A.The gift.B.The class.15.C.The new professor.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前.，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6 和第7 两个小题。16.What did the two speakers intend to do?17.A.See a movie.B.Attend a wedding.C.Get married.18.Whos Mark?19.A.The mans friend.20.B.The womans brother.21.C.The mate of the womans sister.22.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。23.What is Dr.Smiths job?24.A.An officer.B.A chemistry teacher.C.A school guard.25.How long does Dr Smith work in the office this afternoon?26.A.Two hours.B.One hour.C.Three hours.27.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。28.What did Mary buy?29.A.Jeans.B.Shoes.C.Socks.30.How does the man like Mary?31.A.Shes popular.B.Shes traditional.C.Shes fashionable.32.Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?33.A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Expert and assistant.34.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。35.What brand of shoes does the woman want?36.A.Nike.B.Adidas.C.New Balance.37.Why does the woman need running shoes?38.A.Because shes a runner.B.For exercise at the club.39.C.Because they are comfortable.40.What size of shoes does the woman wear?41.A.Size six.B.Size five.C.Size eight.42.How much are the shoes?43.A.$137.B.$200.C.$150.44.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。45.Whats the discussion about?46.A.Childrens independence.47.B.Teachers medical treatment.48.C.Parcnts,accompanying（陪伴）their children at school.49.How many students are against the opinion?50.A.About 30%.B.About 50%.C.About 70%.51.In some studentspinion,what can parents help them to do at school?52.A.Set up goals.B.Do the housework.53.C.Finish their homework.54.Which opinion does the girl prefer?55.A.Neither.B.The first one.C.The second one.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满 分5 0分）第 一 节（共 15小题;每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。AMadame Marie Curie is famous for having won two Nobel Prizes,but many otherwomen have also been awarded the prize.Here are their stories.Sigrid UndsetSigrid Undset is one of the three Norwegian authors to have received the Nobel Prize inLiterature.Undset received the Prize in 1928,for her powerful description of life during theMiddle Ages in Scandinavia.In her lifetime,she wrote two huge novels set against thebackground of Norway in the 13th century,the 3-volume Kristine Lavransdatter,and the4-volume Olav Audunss.Gerty Theresa CoriGerty and her husband,Carl Cori,moved to the United States in 1922,where the twomedical doctors worked together at Roswell Park Cancer Center Institute in New York,hoping to find the cure for diabetes.In 1947,Gerty,Carl and the Argentine doctor Bernardowere awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,making Gerty the first woman tohold the honor.Maria Goeppert-MayerBom in 1906 in Germany,Maria Goeppert-Mayer moved to the US with her husbandJoseph Edward Mayer,a chemist,in 1930.While in the US,Goeppert-Mayer developed thenuclear shell model,fbr which she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with JohannesHans Daniel Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner.She was the first woman to receive the award in60 years.Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OMDorothy Hodgkin showed a love fbr science as a child and at age 18,she began studyingchemistry at a women-only Oxford college.She entered her PhD at the university ofCambridge,where she first took an interest in X-ray crystallography and began studying thestructure of proteins.In 1934,she moved back to Oxford,where she was appointed theuniversitys first research chemistry fellow.Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her theNobel Prize in chemistry in 1964.21.What is Sigrid Unset well-known for in history?22.A.Her discoveries.B.Her invention.23.C.Her books.D.Her social work24.How old was Goeppert-Mayer when she won the Nobel Prize?25.A.30 B.57 C.60 D.6326.Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry according to the passage?27.A.Sigrid Undset B.Gerty Theresa Cori28.C.Maria Goepper-Mayer D.Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OMBUsing a toilet can pay fbr your coffee or buy your bananas at a university in SouthKorea,where human waste is being used to help power a building.Cho Jae-weon,a professor at the Ulsan National Institute of Science andTechnology（UNIST）,has designed an eco-friendly（环保）toilet-the BeeVi toilet,which is connected to a lab that uses human waste to produce biogals.（沼气）.The BeeVi toilet sends human waste into an underground tank in a way that reduceswater use.There,the waste is broken down into methane（甲烷）which becomes a source ofpower for the building.“If we think out of the box,human waste has great value to make power Cho said.Headded that a person defecates（排便）about 500 g a day,which can be turned into 50 litres ofmethane gas.This gas can produce 0.5 point kWh of electricity or be used to drive a car fbrabout 1.2km（0.75miles）.Cho has created a digital currency（货 币）called GgooL Each person using theeco-friendly toilet earns 10 Ggool a day.Students can use it to buy goods within theuniversity,from coffee to fruits and books.“I only thought that human waste is dirty,but now it has become a treasure of great valueto me,“student Heo Hul-jin said.44 I even talk about it during mealtimes,thinking aboutbuying a new book I want.”29.What is the passage mainly about?30.A.A toilet turning waste into power.B.A famous Korean university.31.C.A world-known Korean professor.D.A new way to reduce water use.32.What does the underlined word it in paragraphs refer to?33.A.The car B.The box C.The gas D.The currency34.What does Heo Hui-jin think about human waste now?35.A.It is dirty.B.It is valuable.36.C.It is eco-friendly.D.It is hard to talk about.37.Where is the passage probably from?38.A.A travel diary B.A maths textbook39.C.A science report D.A popular novelCThe popularity of Chinese-owned video-sharing service TikTok（抖 音）continues togrow among young people in the United States.In 2019,experts say the service more thandoubled its American user base to 37 million.TikTok is especially popular with teens andyoung adults.The service lets users create and share their short videos that they think interesting anduseful.Many of them are under 15 seconds.The TikTok app offers a wide choice of sounds,brief parts of songs and special effects tools to help create a video.Some TikTok-basedmemes（表情包）are very popular.Videos often include popular songs from well-known artistsand TikTok has even helped launch the careers of new music stars.TikTok is considered a competitor to the video-sharing app Snapchat,as well asFacebooks Instagram service.Snapchat and Instagram also mainly interest young users with awide mix of photos and videos centered largely on fashion,pop culture and humor.Last year,TikTok was the second-most downloaded app from Apple and Google stores.Only WhatsApp was downloaded more.Research company Sensor Tower guesses peoplehave downloaded the TikTok app 1.65 billion times.TikTok has been used by many major companies to reach young people who use little orno traditional media.One of those companies is American-based e.1.f.Cosmetics（化妆品）.The makeup compan/s chief marketer,Kory Marchisotto,said that TikTok is nwhere the GenZ party is.Gen Z is a name used to call the generation bom between the late 1990s and theearly 2000s.4tThafs where theyre all hanging out J Marchisotto said.Companies appearing on TikTok can make money through advertising.Often,thecompanies create user challenges*as part of their advertisement campaigns.TikTok userscreated 3 million videos that received more than 4 billion view.40.Which word can best describe the videos created on TikTok?41.A.Traditional.B.Boring.C.Various.D.Serious.42.Which was downloaded most from Apple and Google stores last year?43.A.TikTok.B.Snapchat.44.What can companies do on TikTok?45.A.Challenge their competitors.46.C.Hold music concerts.47.What is the best title for the text?C.Instagram D.WhatsAPPB.Make advertisements.D.Promote users abilities to make videos,48.A.TikTok Keeps Growing Among US Youth.49.B.How to Share Short Videos.50.C.Facebook Achieves Great Success.51.D.Companies Benefits Much from Videos.DOn 25 January each year,the national poet of Scotland,Robert Bums,is celebrated.Bums,bom in 1759,became famous at the age of 25.His poetry went on to become famousaround the world.The poet died in 1796,aged 37.Bums Night began five years later whenhis friends gathered on what would have been his birthday,to celebrate his life.The evening was held at Burnss former home,with events that are now traditions.Theseinclude a feast,where someone reads Burnss famous poem Address to a Haggis（a kind ofsausage（香肠）.After supper there are poetry readings,Scottish dancing and singing,includingBurnss song Auld Lang Syne.Last year,Bums Night was a bit different because of the pandemic（疫情）.In Alloway,Scotland,a local radio presenter hosted a live webcast,The Burns Night In,at the housewhere Robert Bums was bom.People across the world just enjoyed talks about the poet andScottish music.The Centre for Robert Burns Studies at the University of Glasgow invited 2,500 clubs,schools,and universities in 150 countries to share their plans fbr Burns Night on social media.They used the information to make a map of the celebrations which stretched from Antarcticato South Korea.Hes a poet who travels very well,said Pauline Mackay,a leading professorat Glasgow University.He could write very seriously,but also with great humour,“sheexplained,adding that the song Auld Lang Syne is all about friendship and unity.In a slightly more unusual celebration,a Scottish butcher posted a short video online inwhich he attached a haggis to a weather balloon,flying to the edge of space.After a year likeno other,we wanted to kick off 2022 by lifting the spirits of the general public,“he said.52.When was Bums Night first celebrated?53.A.On January 25th,1759.54.B.On the day Bums became famous in 1784.55.C.On Robert Burnss last day in 1796.56.D.On Robert Burnss birthday in 1801.57.What can we learn about the tradition of Burns Night?58.A.It is celebrated in Scotland each year online.59.B.It includes supper and poetry readings.60.C.It usually ends with the song Auld Lang Syne.61.D.It began with his poem Address to a Haggis in 1800.62.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?63.A.Burnss popularity possibly lies in his writing style.64.B.The Center has 2,500 clubs,schools,and societies.65.C.A butcher kicked off a haggis to celebrate Bums Night.66.D.Robert Bums traveled from Antarctica to South Korea.67.What does the passage mainly talk about?68.A.Poetry of Robert Bums.B.Traditions of The Burns Night In.69.C.Bums Night celebrated online.D.The national poet of Scotland.第 二 节（每小题2.5分，满 分 12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weighthe risk and the reward,the risk seems worth tasking.36 Some of us enjoy activitiesthat would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why?Experts say it may have to do with how ourbrains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risk-takers were better at hunting,fighting,or exploring.37 As the quality ofrisk-taking was passed from one generation to the next,humans ended up with a sense ofadventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,even 200,000 years ago,toomuch risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived,though,along with a fewstay-in-the-cave types.As a result,humans developed a range of character types that stillexists today.So maybe you love car racing,or maybe you hate it.38No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,scientists say that your willingnessto take risks increases during your teenage years.39 To help you do that,your brainincreases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks,so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.40 For the risk-seekers,a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest of us,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,well continue to hit themountains,the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A.It all depends on your character.B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervoussituation.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满 分30分）第 一 节（共 1 5 小题；每 小 题 1 分，满 分 15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park.The smaller dolphin,Grace,shows off a few of her 41、turning around and waving hello to the 42.Themost amazing thing about her,however,is that shes even swimming at all.She doesnt have a43.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she 44 in a fish trap.When the dolphinarrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005,she was 45 fbr her life.Over the pastsix years,she has learned to swim without her tail.Grace 46 herself to moveanother way-like a fish!She pushes herself 47 through the water by moving herpeduncle（背鳍）from side to side.The 48 put harmful pressure on Graces backbone So a company 49 tocreate a man-made tail for her.The tail had to be 50 enough to stay on Grace asshe swam but soft enough that it wouldnt 51 her.The first time Grace wore the man-made tail,she soon 52 it off and let itsink to the bottom of the pool.Now,she is still learning to use the tail.This month,Grace willstar in Dolphin Tale,a film that focuses on her 53 and recovery.Her progress hasinspired more than just a new movie.Many people travel from near and far to 54 her.Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much _55.41.A.hobbiesB.tricksC.inventionsD.greetings42.A.crowdB.keepersC.partnerD.enemies43.A.choiceB.tailC.babyD.head44.A.was lostB.turned upC.got caught upD.stayed up45.A.fightingB.waitingC.caringD.longing46.A.exploredB.taughtC.ledD.caused47.A.upwardB.downwardC.backwardD.forward48.A.ideaB.attemptsC.movementsD.success49.A.pretendedB.offeredC.happenedD.managed50.A.bigB.longC
