牛津8Bunit4-grammar知识讲解.ppt

牛津8Bunit4-grammarTranslation.1.撞到岩石上撞到岩石上2.筋疲力尽筋疲力尽3.与与一样大一样大4.摔倒摔倒5.向某人大叫向某人大叫crash against the rocksbe tired outthe same size asfall overshout at sb.6.继续做某事继续做某事7.解开一只手解开一只手8.一大群小人一大群小人9.逃跑逃跑10.逃离，离开逃离，离开 continue to do sth./continue doing sth.put one hand free a huge army of tiny people run away get away11.当我们的船撞到岩石损坏之后，我奋力当我们的船撞到岩石损坏之后，我奋力前游。前游。12.当我最终感到大地在我脚下的时候，我当我最终感到大地在我脚下的时候，我筋疲力尽了。筋疲力尽了。13.我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.My arms,legs and hair were tied to the ground.14.他只有我的小手指那么大。他只有我的小手指那么大。15.这噪音使他们都摔倒了。这噪音使他们都摔倒了。16.他们继续在我的身上走来走去。他们继续在我的身上走来走去。17.我也不知道说什么。我也不知道说什么。He was the same size as my little finger.The noise made them all fall over.They continue moving across my body.I did not know what to say either.hand v.交；递，给交；递，给hand in 上交，递交上交，递交review n.评论评论return v.归还归还renew v.续借；更新续借；更新on time准时准时Andy doesnt know _.what to wearMillie cant decide _.which book to buyThey dont know _ to the station.how to goWe can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.e.g.Millie has decided what to read.Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.Simon forgot when to meet his friends.Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.Amy does not know how to write the report.1.Gulliver did not know where he could find other people.Gilliver did not know _ _ _ other people.2.Gulliver decided when he should leave Liliput.Gilliver decided _ _ _ Liliput.3.Gulliver did not know how he could break the ropes.Gulliver did not know _ _ _ the ropes.where to findwhen to leavehow to break同义句转换同义句转换All question words can be used in this way,except why.Suzy will explain why to recommend this book.Suzy will explain why she recommend this book.We can use a verb+object before a question word with a to-infinitive.advise,ask,decide,discuss find out,forget,know,learn remember,say,show,teach think,understand,wondere.g.Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.Millie showed us what to do next.Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.Dont forget to tell your mum where to meet you.We can use a noun after what,which,whose,how many and how much.e.g.They are discussing which color to paint the walls.You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word.e.g.Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow?疑问词疑问词+动词不定式做动词的宾语动词不定式做动词的宾语。疑问。疑问词也包括词也包括疑问代词疑问代词what,which,who和疑和疑问副词问副词how,when,where。常和此结构连。常和此结构连用的动词及动词短语有：用的动词及动词短语有：know,learn,see,hear,ask,tell,decide,explain,find out,forget,remember,understand 等。等。e.g.I dont know what to say next.我不知道接下来该说什么。我不知道接下来该说什么。I cant decide which to take.我不能决定该那哪一个。我不能决定该那哪一个。Please tell me how to go there.请告诉我怎样到哪儿。请告诉我怎样到哪儿。“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句子中还结构在句子中还可可以做主语和表语。以做主语和表语。e.g.How to deal with the problem is most important to us.如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最如何处理这个问题对我们来说是最 重要的。重要的。The problem is when to leave the place.问题是何时离开这个地方。问题是何时离开这个地方。“疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构可以改写结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。成由该疑问词引导的从句。e.g.I dont know what to do.=I do not know what I should do.我不知道该做什么。我不知道该做什么。注意：所有疑问句中，只有注意：所有疑问句中，只有why不可以不可以 与动词不定式连用。与动词不定式连用。Amy and Daniel are talking about their Reading Week.Complete their conversation.Use the correct question words and to-infinitives.Amy:Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books.Have you decided(1)_ first,Daniel?Daniel:Yes.I want to read Black Beauty first.But I dont know(2)_ the book.how,what,ask for,findwhen,where,hand in,readwhich,who,speak,travel,write about which to readwhere to findAmy:You can try our school library or Sunshine Library.Oh,did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days?He wants to find out(3)_ around the world in such a short time.Daniel:Wow,thats amazing!By the way,can you tell me(4)_ our book report?how to travelwhen to hand inAmy:Before next Friday.Im still not sure(5)_ in the report.Daniel:You can write anything about your book what the book is about,what you think of it and so on.You should read some reviews about the book before writing.what to write aboutAmy:Thank you.Anyway,I know(6)_ help with writing.Mr Wu is always there to help us.who to ask forWe use must and have to to say that it is necessary to do something.We use must when the speaker feels that something is necessary.e.g.“I must run away from them,”Gulliver thought.We use have to when the situation makes something necessary.e.g.I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.She has to take her daughter from school in the afternoon.We use must not to say that something is not allowed.e.g.You must not smoke in the library.We use do not have to to say that it is not necessary to do something.e.g.We do not have to go to school at weekends.must 表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯表主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要必须，得，要”。e.g.You must finish your homework today.你今天必须完成家庭作业。你今天必须完成家庭作业。must 的否定形式的否定形式must not表示禁止，表示禁止，“不能，不行不能，不行”。e.g.You must not smoke here.你不能在这里抽烟。你不能在这里抽烟。have to 表一种客观的需要，表一种客观的需要，“不得不不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。有人称和数的变化。e.g.It is getting dark.He has to go home now.天快黑了，你现在得回家了。天快黑了，你现在得回家了。have to 的否定形式的否定形式do not have to,相当于相当于need not。e.g.They do not have to buy a computer at the moment.他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。e.g.He does not have to go.他不必走。他不必走。注意：注意：must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是 “一定一定”。否定的猜测是。否定的猜测是cant。e.g.You must be hungry after all that walking.走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。That cant be Lucy.She has gone to American.那肯定不是那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。，她已经去了美国。Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library rules.Complete what she says with must,must not,have to or dont have to.You(1)_ keep quiet in the library.You(2)_ keep the books clean and tidy.You(3)_ draw or write on the books.mustmustmustntYou(4)_ eat or drink in the library.You(5)_ return the books on time.If you want to keep them longer,you(6)_ renew them.You(7)_ bring your student card every time you go to the library,but remember to bring your library card.mustntmusthave todo not have to一、完成下列句子。一、完成下列句子。1.I dont know _ (在会上说什么在会上说什么).2.Can you tell me _ (在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)?3._ (在何时何地召开这会议在何时何地召开这会议)hasnt been decided yet.what to say at the meetingwhere to buy this bookWhen and where to hold the meeting1.When I go into the clothes shop,I always cant decide _ one to buy.2.My grandfather doesnt know _ to use a computer.3.-Will you please show me _ to drive a car?-Yes,of course.Now let me tell you _ to do first.4.I will tell Lucy _ and _ to meet.whichhow howwhatwhenwhere二、用二、用how,which,what,when,where填空。填空。Remember the grammar in this lesson.此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢