不定代词的用法69686.pptx
代词的分类1.人称代词：有主格、宾格、所有格（含形容词性和名词性两种所有格）2.反身代词:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselvesthemselves3.指示代词:this,that,these,those4.疑问代词:who,whom,what,which第1页/共40页5.相互代词:eachother,oneanother6.不定词:some,any,all,both,none,one,each,either,neither,other,another,something,anything,nothing,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,nobody7.关系代词(用于定语从句）who,whom,whose，that,which,as第2页/共40页主格主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格宾格meyouhimheritusthem形容词形容词性物主性物主代词代词myyourhisheritsourtheir人称代词人称代词名词名词性物性物主代主代词词mine yours his hers its ours theirs第3页/共40页 不不定定代代词词有有both,either,neither,one,the other,another,little,few,some,any,each,every,no,none等等，从从实实际际应应用用和和理理解解出出发发，重点学习以下几个：重点学习以下几个：(一一)both,either,neither (二二)one,another,the other (三三)little,a little,few,a few (四四)some/any,no/none,each/every,many/much 第4页/共40页不定代词不定代词含义含义数量数量关系关系作定语时作定语时名词的数名词的数作主语时作主语时动词的数动词的数both两者都两者都=2复数复数复数复数either两者中的任何两者中的任何一个一个=2单数单数单数单数neither两者都不两者都不=2单数单数单数单数all三者或三者以三者或三者以上都上都3单数或复单数或复数数单数或复单数或复数数none三者或三者以三者或三者以上都不上都不3单数或复单数或复数数each每一个每一个2单数单数单数单数every每一个每一个3单数单数单数单数第5页/共40页both,either,neitherboth,either,neitherboth为“两者都”，neither为“两者都不”，either为“两者之一”。作主语：1)Both(ofthem)enjoytherice.2)Neither(ofus)isadoctor.3)Either(ofyou)willgo.注意：作主语时，both后面的谓语动词用复数。neither,either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。第6页/共40页 作定语：作定语：1)BothZhangHuasfatherandmotherworkinahospital,butneitheroneisadoctor.2)Youmaytakeeitherapple.第7页/共40页作宾语：1)Ilikebothofthetoysverymuch.2)Theboycouldfindneitherofthemandwentaway.3)Youmayplanteitherinthestreet.第8页/共40页both还可作同位语，它们句中的位置是在动词be，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。1)Theyarebothingoodhealth.2)Theywillbothgothere.3)Theybothagreedtotakepartinthebirthdayparty.第9页/共40页either可作副词用于否定句，表示“也”，相当于肯定句中的“too”。Thisisnotmine.Thatisnot,either.这不是我的，那也不是。neither表示“也不”的时候，常用在倒装的结构形式中：Idontliketoplayfootball.Neitherdoeshe.Shehasntgotabike.NeitherhaveI.第10页/共40页注意，either和or,neither和nor，notonlybutalso连接两个并列主语时谓语动词根据就近原则如：1)BothZhangandWangaregoodstudents.2)Eitheryouorheisright.3)NeitherhenorIamascientist.第11页/共40页one,another,the other1.one常用来作代词，替代前文所出现的可数名词，表示人或物，以避免重复。Ihaventgotaballpen.Illhavetobuyone.Heisonetothinkmoreofothers.2.theother,another都可解释为“另一个”。other加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个，another指三者以上中的另一个。第12页/共40页Hewastwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.Idontlikethisone,showmeanother,please.Ivejustboughtthreethings.Oneisawalkman,anotherisapocketcalculator,thethirdisavideogame.第13页/共40页3.another 还有“再”的意思，Haveanothercupofcoffee,please.Shecouldhavetostayhereforanotherweek.4.other有“另外”的含义。例如：Wherearetheotherstudents?Theboyismuchclevererthantheothertwo.第14页/共40页分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是oneanotherthe thirdthe fourthShe has four books.one is an English book,another is a history one,the third is a physics one,and the fourth is a picture-book.第15页/共40页5.others和theothers表示复数的泛指和特指。例如：Intheparksomeareplayinggames.Othersarewalkingneartheriver.Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,anotherisblueandtheothersaregreen.第16页/共40页6.therest也可作“其余的”解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。例如：TherestofhislifewasspentinAmerica.他的余生是在美国度过的。Hehaseightbooks.TwoareinEnglish.TherestareinChinese.第17页/共40页little,a little,few,a few1.little与alittle修饰不可数名词，little“很少”，否定的意思，alittle作“少许”、肯定的意思，Inthiswaytheycanmakethetripwithjustalittlemoney.Thereislittleleft,isthere?2.few,afew用来修饰可数名词，前者表示否定，后者表示肯定。第18页/共40页AfewofusspeakEnglishwell.Therewerefeweggsinthefridge,sohewenttothesupermarketandboughtsome.3.few作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数，Fewmenknowthis,dothey?4.常用词组有quiteafew(好几个)，onlyafew(只有一些)，notafew(很多)。HestudiedChineseforquiteafewyears.第19页/共40页some,any,no,none,each,every,many,much（1）some和any:some(一些，某个)句中可作主语、宾语、定语等，常用于肯定句。作定语时，它可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词是单数时，some表示“某个”的意思。例如：Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Haveyouanyquestions?Yes,Ihavesome.Ihavereadthatinsomemagazine.第20页/共40页当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也可用some。例如：Wouldyoulikesometea?Couldyoulendmesomemoney?anyany“一些”用法相同于some,但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。例如：Isthereanyinkinyourpen?Putupyourhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.第21页/共40页注意：注意：1.any用于肯定句中有“任何一个”解。常用于比较级句子中。Tomrunsfasterthananyotherboyinhisclass.Tomrunsfasterthananyoftheotherboysinhisclass.2.some,any,every,no可以与body,thing,one构成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物第22页/共40页Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Somebodyisaskingtoseeyou.Nobodyisabsent.Ifyouwantanything,callme.第23页/共40页（2）no和none:none(没有一个，全不，都不)是名词性的不定代词，可作主语和宾语，常和of短语连用，不以作定语。none作主语代替不可数名词时，谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时，谓语用单、复数均Noneofusis/arefromBeijing.Noneofthemoneyismine.none与all相对，有“全不”“全部”的含义，因此all是全肯定，none是all的全部否定，但都指三者以上的人或物。第24页/共40页Weallmademistakes.Noneofuswascorrect.nono是形容词性的不定代词，只能用作定语，可修饰可数和不可数名词。no等于nota或notany加上名词。Ihavenomoney.Ihavenotanymoney.noone相当于nobody，意为没有人，谓语用单数。第25页/共40页（3）each和every：each(每个，各自的)强调个体，可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。every(每个，一切的)相当于all，强调整体，只能作定语。Eachboyhasadictionary.Everyboyhasadictionary.注意：every构成的常用词组everyotherday每隔一天/everyotherfivedays每隔五天everyotherline每隔一行/everyfivedays每五天第26页/共40页（4）many和much：many修饰可数名词的复数，谓语用复much修饰不可数名词，谓语用单数，它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。例如：Somuchfortoday.Therearemanybusesandcarsinthestreet.第27页/共40页注意many已被alotof,alargenumberof,agreatmany 所代替。much已被alotof,plentyof,agooddealof,agreat(large)quantityof 所代替。Plentyof,alotof/lotsof用于肯定句。第28页/共40页some,any,no,everysome,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词组合的复合不定代词.当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.Everybody is here,arent they?Everything is ready,isnt it?第29页/共40页当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.I have something important to tell you.We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/Every one likes Mary.I have kept every one of her letters.第30页/共40页1._ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.A.EachB.AnyC.NooneD.None2.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause_ofushad_moneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyD.noone;any3.Thereisatreeon_sideofthestreet.A.everyB.allC.eitherD.both第31页/共40页4.Thereisadeskon_sideoftheroom.A.bothB.eitherC.allD.every5.WhichsidecanIsitontheboat?Ifyousitstill,youcansiton_.A.everysideB.allsidesC.bothsidesD.eitherside6.Itissaidthat_ofhisparentshavegonetoBeijing.A.allB.everyC.bothD.either第32页/共40页7.Somestudentsareabsent-minded,_ofthemheardwhattheteachersaid.A.allB.noneC.everyD.notall8.Is_here?No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody9.Theywereallverytired,but_ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neither第33页/共40页10.CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?Imafraid_dayispossible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any11.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyoullhavetopay_5.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each第34页/共40页12.Isthereanyonewhocandothejob?.A.NoneB.NooneC.NotoneD.Notmanyones13.Iwantedsomewater,buttherewasinthebottle.A.noneB.no C.anyD.nothing14.TomandMaryhavearrived,butstudentsinyourclassarenthereyet.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.theothers15.DoSeptemberandAprilhavethirtydays?A.everyB.neitherC.eachD.all第35页/共40页16.ofusisactiveinEnglishclass.A.EveryB.Everyone C.EveryoneD.Anybody17.WehaveEnglishclassesday,Mondays,WednesdaysandFridays.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.thisandotherD.allother18.Tomhadabadcold.iswhyhedidntcometoschool.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.There19.Theyinvitedthethreeof,Tom,Bob,and.A.us,meB.we,IC.us,ID.we,we第36页/共40页20.Whichofthetwobooksdoyouwant?Iwant_.Pleaseshowme_.A.none;anotherB.all;theotherC.neither;theotherD.neither;another21._sideofthestreetislinedwithdifferentshops,_ofwhichsellelectronicproducts.A.Both;bothB.Either;allC.Neither;eitherD.Either;both第37页/共40页22.Doyouneedanythingelse?Yes,westillneed_aircrafts.A.moretwoB.twomoreC.othertwopiecesof D.twootherpiecesof23.Ihadnoideawhichwasbetter,soItook_ofthem.A.anyB.everyC.noneD.both24.Theexaminationwaseasy,wasntit?Yes,butIdontthink_couldpassit.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody第38页/共40页第39页/共40页谢谢您的观看！第40页/共40页
