高中英语词汇一本通---M部讲义.doc

Mmachine n.机器Nowadays machines have taken the place of man in many fields.现在，机器已在众多领域里代替了人。词组machine gun机关枪machinery n.机械； 总称机器(不可数)The problem was how to move the heavy machinery.问题是怎样移动这台沉重的机器。mad adj.发疯的；狂热的madam ( 复 mesdames ) n.夫人；女士(招呼妇女的尊称)；太太Excuse me,madam.May I ask you a question?对不起，夫人，我能问您一个问题吗？Yes,madam.是的，夫人(长官)。magazine n.杂志；期刊I got the information from a magazine.我是从一本杂志上得知这一消息的。They planned to subscribe to 10 more kinds of magazines.他们计划增订十种期刊。magic adj.有魔力的n.魔法；巫术；魔术；魔力He is good at playing magic.他会变魔术。She was attracted by the magic of poetry.他被诗歌的魅力所吸引。magical adj. (似)巫术的；(似)魔术的；有魔力的；神秘的magnificent adj.壮丽的；宏伟的What a magnificent building!多么宏伟的建筑啊！They gave a magnificent performance.他们的表演极为出色。maid n.女仆，女佣She works as a maid in a hotel.她在一家旅店做女招待。The little maid knew nothing about death.这个小姑娘对死亡一无所知。mail n.邮件vt.<美>邮寄(英国用post)vi.寄出，付邮Mail your package early so as to ensure its timely arrival.早点寄出你的包裹以便保证它能及时寄到。main adj.主要的What is the main idea of the text?本课的中心思想是什么？The main purpose of this course is to improve the students' spoken English.这门课的主要目的是提高学生的英语口语能力。mainland n.大陆maintain vt.维持；维修；养护；主张；断言Their job is to maintain peace and order.他们的工作是维持治安。His salary is low, but he has to maintain a large family.他的工资很低，可他得养一大家子人。Catherine maintained her innocence.凯瑟琳坚持认为自己是无罪的。major adj.主要的；重大的；主修的vi.主修This is the major problem we must solve.这就是我们必须解决的主要问题。What's your major?你是学什么专业的？>I majored in mathematics in college.我在大学里主修数学。majority n.大多数；过半数make vt.做Cruelty and injustice often make our blood boil.残暴与不公正常常使我们怒不可遏。He made a profit of $500.他赚了500美元。3 and 3 make 6.3加3等于6。词组 make for走向make off匆匆离开make out辨认出make up编制make up for补偿，弥补male adj.男(性)的；雄的，公的n.男子；雄性动(植)物Males are generally stronger than females.男子一般比女子强壮。I heard a male voice in the room.我听到房间里有一个男人的声音。man ( 复 men men)n. (成年)男子，男人；(不论性别、年龄的)人； 不用冠词人How can we make a man of him?我们怎样使他成为男子汉？ Men have lived here for thousands of years.人们在这儿已经生活几千年了。manage vt.设法做到；管理；经营vi.管理；经营生意；设法对付The lawyer manages the legal affairs of our company.这位律师处理我们公司的法律事务。I cannot manage alone; it's too heavy.这东西我一个人拿不了，它太重了。辨析 manage与run二者都有“经营”之意，区别在于：manage只强调“管理”，并不表示“拥有”，而run则表示“拥有”。如：He manages a plant.他管理一家工厂。She runs a tea house.她经营一家茶馆。manager a n.经理The head of the board proclaimed Tom to be the general manager of the company.董事长宣布汤姆为公司的总经理。mankind n.人类He made great contributions to mankind.他为人类做出了巨大的贡献。He thought that his invention would be of great use to all mankind.他认为自己的发明将对全人类发挥巨大作用。注意mankind前一般不用冠词。man-made adj.人造的；人为的词组man-made satellite 人造卫星manned satellite 载人卫星manner n.方式；态度； s礼貌There's something peculiar in his manner of speaking.他说话的方式挺特别。I don't like his rude manner.我不喜欢他粗鲁的态度。词组 table manners餐桌礼节，用餐的规矩all manner of各种各样的He has all manner of stamps.他有各种各样的邮票。mansion n.大厦；大楼manufacture n./vt. (大量)制This factory manufactures cars at the rate of 200 per day.这家工厂以每天200辆的速度生产汽车。This is of domestic manufacture.这是国内生产的。manufacturer n.制造商many (more,most) adj.许多A good many of the workers had the flu.有许多工人得了流感。How many bananas are there in the basket?这个篮子里有多少香蕉？词组many a很多；许多Many a student likes to go with the teacher.很多学生都喜欢跟老师一起去。注意many和many a都是“很多”、“许多”的意思，都用来修饰可数名词。但many 要求接复数形式的谓语动词，而many a要求接第三人称单数形式的谓语动词。map n.地图vt.绘制·····的地图In the library there are maps of towns, countries, and the world.图书馆里有城市地图、国家地图和世界地图。Grief was mapped on his face.他的脸上布满愁容。march vi.行军；行进vt.使行军；使行进n.行军；行进；进行曲The soldiers are marching along the street.士兵们在街上行进。A long march will begin.长途行军即将开始。margin n.边(缘)；页边空白Reeds were growing round the margin of the lake.湖的四周芦苇丛生。These words were written on the margin of the page.这些字是写在页边空白上的。mark n. (考试等的)分数；记号；痕迹vt.给打分；做记号于What does this mark mean?这个记号是什么意思？Have you finished marking your students' papers?你有没有改完学生的论文？market n.市场What is the target market of your company?你们公司的目标市场是什么？marriage n.结婚；婚姻marry vt.娶；嫁；与结婚vi.结婚Tom married her last year.汤姆去年与她结了婚。They married in church.他们是在教堂结婚的。词组get married 结婚I'm glad he gets married.我很高兴他结婚了。marvel (1) ous adj.令人惊奇的；绝妙的mask n.面具；口罩The thief wore a black mask.窃贼戴着黑色面具。He masked his hatred behind sweet words.他用甜言蜜语掩盖其仇恨。mass n.大量；团，块； the es群众，民众The mass of people agreed with me.大多数人与我意见一致。 The mass of the rock is 300 kilos.这块石头的质量为300公斤。master vt.精通，掌握n.主人，雇主；船长；大师，名家；名家作品；硕士The dog obeyed his master.这条狗听主人的话。The master asked me to teach two subjects.校长要我教两门课。She is a master in literature.她是个大文豪。masterpiece n.杰作match vt.和······相配；使相配；敌得过；使······较量vi.相配n.火柴；比赛，竞赛；相配的人(或物)It is dangerous to play with matches.玩火柴很危险。The skirt and blouse is a perfect match.这裙子和衬衫搭配得十分好。There will be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球比赛。mate n.一对中的一个；伙伴；同事He and his old mate live a quiet life.他和老伴过着宁静的生活。We've been old mates for years.我们是多年的老朋友了。material n.材料This is a kind of woolen material for ladies' dresses.这是一种做女服的毛料。She has collected a lot of materials for her novel.她已为自己的小说搜集了大量的素材。mathematical adj.数学的He hates to recite these mathematical principles.他痛恨背诵这些数学原理。mathematics n.数学(通常缩略为<美口> math ，<英口> maths )He is a professor of mathematics.他是个数学教授。matter n.麻烦事；事情；物质vi.要紧；有关系(用于否定句和疑问句)Everything we can see and touch is made up of matter.我们能看见和摸到的每件东西都由物质组成。It doesn't matter if I miss this bus,I can walk.如果错过了这班公共汽车也没有关系，我可以步行。词组no matter how (what,when等)不管怎样(什么、何时等)辨析 matter,affair,thing,concern与business这组名词都有“事情”之意。matter 所表示的“事情”在含意上比较模糊，通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题，如：Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. 偏远地区的教育不是钱财问题。affair 以单数形式出现时，通常指一般的“事情”，而以复数形式出现时，通常指重大的“事情”。不管单、复数，这个词所表示的“事情”都包含着“在进行中”、“处在过程中”或“交易、交往”的意思，如：He wanted the celebration to be a simple family affair.他希望庆祝活动仅限于家人。thing在含义上比matter还要模糊，有时为了含糊其词而有意用thing，如：The most frightening thing of all was that not a sound could be heard.最为吓人的事情是一点声音也听不到。business 所表示的“事情”或“事务”多与职务有关，有时这个词指强加的“任务”。口语中的“None of your business!”(这不关你的事!)以及“Mind your own business!”(多管闲事!)，很能说明 business 的这种含义。concern 如果想表示个人的或者与个人有直接关系的“事情”，最好用 concern，这与concern 在用作动词所表示的“关心”有联系，如：It's no concern of mine.这不关我的事。mature adj.(成)熟的；成年人的；慎重的；明了事理的v. (使)成熟；(使)长成maximum ( 复s或maxima )n.最大量；最大限量The maximum load for this truck is ten ton.这辆卡车最大载重量是十吨。令I can swim a maximum of 1 mile.我最远能游一英里。may v.aux./n.可以；五月I like May because there are many flowers in that month.我喜欢五月，因为那个月有很多花盛开。maybe adv.大概，或许“Will they come?”“Maybe not.”“他们会来吗？”“大概不会来。”There are so many maybes involved in playing the stock market.股票交易市场中牵涉到这么多的不定因素。注意合起来写的maybe与分开写的may be是两码事、学生常会用错。前者是副词，常用在句首，意思是“大概，或许”；而后者为两个词，may是情态动词，be为系动词，意思是“也许是”，如：Maybe,he goes out.他大概出门了。He may be a scholar.他可能是一个学者。mayor n.市长He is going to the train station to meet the mayor.他将去火车站接市长。令Jack wanted to take part in the election of the new mayor.杰克想参加新市长竞选。me pron.我(宾格)Would you take him a message for me?你能为我给他带个口信吗？meal n.膳食；一餐I always enjoy my evening meal.我总是喜欢晚餐。He came without a meal.他没吃饭就来了。mean vt./adj. (词语等)表示的意思；意指，意谓；意味着，即是；意欲；打算Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes.彼得的父亲很小气，他从不给彼得添新衣服。I mean what I say.我说到做到。meaning n.意义；意思means n.( 复) 用作单或复方法；手段She used unfair means to win the competition.她使用不正当的手段赢得了那场比赛。She told me a good means to cook.她告诉我一个好的烹饪方法。同组 by means of用；依靠meantime n.间隔时间；其时；其间She went inside; in the meantime he waited outside.她走了进去，在此期间，他在外面等候。Meantime, the boss asked Mike to come, too.与此同时，老板也叫迈克过来。meanwhile adv.在间隔的时间里；(与此)同时measure vt.量，测量vi.(测)量；可测量n.量度；测量He measured the length of the room.他测量了房间的长度。The explosive force is measured in tons.爆炸力是以吨计量的。The government has taken measures to preserve order.政府已采取措施维持秩序。meat mi:t n.肉Tigers and lions are meat-eater animals.老虎和狮子是食肉动物。mechanic n.技工；机械工人He is the mechanic who repaired my car.他就是修理我汽车的修理工。Tom's father is a mechanic.汤姆的父亲是个机械师。mechanical adj.机械的medal n.奖牌；纪念章He won 6 gold medals.他曾获得六枚金质奖章。He saved 12 people in a car accident and was awarded a“Glory Medal”.他因在一次交通事故中救了12个人，被授予一枚荣誉勋章。medical adj.医学的；医疗的medicine n.医学；药Take this medicine three times a day.一天三次服用此药。medium ( 复s 或 media 'mi：dja)n.媒介物；(常作media)新闻媒体，传媒adj.中间的；中等的；适中的Air is a medium of sound.空气是传导声音的媒介物。Television is a medium for advertising.电视可以作为广告媒体。meet vt.遇见；会见vi.相遇I met my teacher in the street today.我今天在街上遇见了我的老师。同组meet with 偶遇；碰到I met with a friend in the train yesterday.昨天我在火车上遇到一位朋友。meeting n.会议；聚集，会合What he said at the meeting attracted little notice.他在会上所讲的话没有引起什么注意。melon 'melon n.瓜(尤指甜瓜、西瓜等)melt melt vt.使熔化；使融化vi.熔化；融化All the ice has melted.所有的冰都融化了。The morning sun soon melted the fog.晨曦很快驱散了雾霭。member n.成员；会员The club has 100 members.这个俱乐部有100名成员。As a Party member, you should work hard and help others.作为一名党员，你应努力工作并能帮助他人。memo （ 复s) n. <口>=memorandum备忘录memorable adj.值得纪念的memorandum ( 复s或memoranda )n.备忘录memorial adj.纪念的；追悼的n.纪念碑They set up a memorial of the Canadian doctor Bethune.他们为加拿大医生白求恩建了纪念碑。Over 100 people attended the memorial rites.一百多人出席了纪念典礼。memorize vt.记住；熟记memory n.记忆；纪念；(计算机)存储器I had happy memories of my childhood.我对童年有着美好的回忆。mend vt.修理；修补Can you mend the hole in my shirt?你能补一下我衬衫上的洞吗？They devoted to mending the relation between the two countries.他们致力于改善两国关系。辨析 mend，fix，repair与patch这组同义词的一般含义是“修理，修补”。fix具有mend和repair这两个动词的一般含义，差别在于fix是非正式用语，如：The tap is leaking. We must fix it.水龙头在漏水，我们得把它修一修。mend 可以用来表示对打破、撕破、穿破等物或衣服进行修理或修补，也可以表示治愈创伤、矫正过错或使破裂的感情重归于好，如：The workmen are mending the road.工人们正在修路。patch 表示用相同的或类似的材料补破洞、裂缝、裂口或虽未破但已经不结实了的地方，这个词有时表示匆忙或临时凑合使用的修补，如：She patched new cloth to the old coat,soit seemed mere patchwork. 她把新布贴到那件旧上衣上，所以那件衣服看上去就像拼凑起来的东西。patch 虽指用相同或类似的材料修补，但被修补的东西仍能看出一块一块的痕迹，与其他地方相比仍能显示出不同。这个词作名词用时，有一块一块的意思。repair在表示修复这一含义时，可以和mend互换使用。此外，当一种比较复杂的东西部分损坏了或损伤的范围大时，如果表示把它修复起来，最好用repair，如：.but he has never managed to get enoughmoney to have the church clock repaired.但是他从未能够弄到足够的钱来修理教堂的大钟。mental adj.精神的；智力的；内心的He is good at mental arithmetic.他擅长心算。His mental development was slow.他的智力发育缓慢。She was sent to a mental hospital.她被送进了精神病院。mention vt./n.提到，说起On the telephone, he mentioned that he had been ill.在电话里，他说他病了。There was no mention of the fundamental cause of the dispute between the two neighboring countries in the newspaper. 报上没提及这两个邻国间争端的根本原因。词组 Don't mention it.不用客气。not to mention更不必说A child can do it well,not to mention an adult!一个小孩子都能做好这件事，更别说是大人了。menu n.菜单He ordered a few expensive items on the menu.他点了菜单上几样很贵的菜。merchant n.商人She knows that wholesale merchant.她认识那个批发商。Sherlock was a merciless merchant.夏洛克是个残忍的商人。mercy n.慈悲；宽容He showed mercy to the little girl.他对这小女孩起了怜悯之心。The thief begged for mercy.小偷乞求宽恕。词组 at one's mercy/at the mercy of 在掌握中；听任处置The ship was at the mercy of waves.船任由波浪漂流。mere adj.仅仅的In that country a mere 2 percent of the population live in towns.在那个国家，仅有2%的人口住在城市里。A mere student can not accomplish such a research project. 仅仅一个学生是不能完成此项科研项目的。merry adj.欢乐的They live a merry life.他过着愉快的生活。Signs of merry life could be seen everywhereafter the bumper harvest.丰收以后到处可以看到一片欢乐景象。mess n.凌乱状态；混乱的局面；困境vt.弄脏；搞乱The room is in a mess.这房间乱七八糟的。This mistake messed up our entire plan.这一错误打乱了我们整个计划。message n.信息，音信；留言，电报>Have you got any message from her?你有没有她的消息？Would you take him a message for me?你能为我给他带个口信吗？同组give sb.a message给某人带个口信leave a message for sb.给某人留个条messenger n.送信者；通讯员metal n.金属Iron is a kind of metal.铁是一种金属。The tea has a metal taste.这茶有一股金属腥味。method n.方法，办法You need to improve your teaching method.你需要改进教学方法。They developed out a new method to solve energy problem.他们研究出了一种解决能源问题的新方法。metre n.米(公制长度单位)microphone n.扩音器，话筒Her coarse voice could be heard from the microphone.可以从麦克风里听到她沙哑的声音。microwave n.微波adj.微波的The couple bought a microwave oven.这对夫妻买了一个微波炉。注意以上几个单词都有共同的前缀micro-，该前缀表示“微型的、小型的、缩微的”。midday n.中午We usually have a simple meal at midday.我们的中午饭一般都比较简单。It's midday now; we must speed up to catch them up.现在正午时分了，我们得快点赶上他们。middle n.中间；腰部adj.中间的Please stand in the middle of the room.请站在房子中间。Which book do you want? I'll have the middle one.你要哪本书？我要中间的那一本。midnight n.午夜Dick went to bed at midnight last night.迪克昨夜半夜才睡觉。might mart v.aux.可能，也许He said it might rain.他说过可能会下雨。She might not pass the exam.这次考试她可能通不过。You might try again.你最好再试一次。词组 might as well还是的好；不妨I might as well give the sweet course a miss.这道甜食我还是不吃了吧。mild adj.和缓的；温和的；温暖的We had a mild winter last year.去年冬天不冷。She is a mild woman.她是个温柔的女人。This sentence was mild.这个判决不重。mile n.英里milestone n.里程碑military adj.军事的He graduated from a military academy in 1987.他1987年毕业于一所军事学院。According to the Constitution of the country all the young men must do a year's military service.该国的宪法规定，所有的男青年都要服一年兵役。milk n.牛奶vt.挤··的奶The milkmaid milks the cows twice a day.挤奶女工一天两次为奶牛挤奶。mill n.磨坊；工厂You can get your wheat ground in the mill.你可以将小麦送到磨坊碾磨。I used to work in a steel mill.我以前曾在一家轧钢厂工作。注意mill与factory的差异。mill主要是“磨坊、作坊”的意思，后来也指小型的厂；而factory指可大可小的工厂。million ( 复 s) n.百万个； s许多；无数He made an investment of half a million dollars in oil shares.他买了50万美元的石油股票。Millions of hamburgers and French fries are eaten every year in America.美国人每年要吃掉几百万个汉堡包和薯条。注意汉语的“200万”，英语可以是2 million，亦可为2 millions；但若million用在名词前，则必须用单数，如：6 million people(600万人)。million与of连用则应为复数，如：millions of dollars(数百万美元)。millionaire n.百万富翁；大富翁It is rumored that his daughter has married a millionaire.听说他女儿嫁给了百万富翁。mind n.理智；意向vt.介意；反对；注意；留心He has a very sharp mind.他头脑灵活。Would you mind changing places with me so that I can be nearer to the fire?你能不能与我换一换位置，这样我可以离炉火近一点。词组 make up one's mind决心；决定never mind 别难过；没关系；不重要“I'm sorry, I broke your glass.”“Never mind.”“非常抱歉，我把你的玻璃杯打破了。”“没关系。”He made up his mind to go to Shanghai this weekend.他决定这个周末去上海。mine' pron.我的 If you can't find your hat, take mine.如果你找不到帽子，就戴我的吧。mine mam n.矿(山)；矿井vt.采(矿)They were mining for silver.他们开采银矿。mineral n.矿物adj.矿物的mini n.超短裙(或衣服)；小型的东西adj.(裙等)超短的；小型的minimum ( 复s或minima )n.最低量；最低限度You must get a minimum of 40 questions right to pass the examination.你最少必须答对40道题才能通过考试。minister n.部长；牧师The Minister of Education has just visited our school.教育部长刚刚视察过我们学校。The Prime Minister will visit Singapore next week.首相将在下周访问新加坡。ministry n.(政府的)部； M-全体部长；(全体) 牧师The Ministry of Defence has announced a new policy.国防部颁布了一项新政策。My son wants to enter the ministry.我的儿子想当牧师。minor adj.较次要的The part he played was minor.他扮演的角色较为次要。minority n.少数；少数民族minus prep.减去8 minu