(完整版)新目标英语八年级下第3单元知识点讲解以及随堂练习.pdf

第 1 页 共 4 页Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 话题：教学目标：重难点：情态动词could 的用法重点句型： There is no need forto对于而言是没有必要的It is not enough to 做是不够的The+比较级， the+比较级越越知识点：1. 情态动词could 的用法1could 为 can 的过去式，表示“过去的能力”它引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答和否定回答都是 could. Could you play basketball when your were 5 years old? 当你 5 岁时，你会打篮球吗？Yes, I could. No, I couldn t. 2Could you ?/Could you please? 麻烦你好吗？Li Lei, could you please help me? Could you come here soon? Could you please close the door? 3对于这种请求的肯定回答和否定回答的常用语肯定回答常用语：Certainly./ Of course./With pleasure./No problem. 否定回答常用语：Certainly not. /No, I m afraid I can t. 4表示请求许可Could I ? 我可以吗？Could I come in? 我可以进来吗？对方回答时不能用could，要用 can. Could I use your bicycle? Yes, you can. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页 共 4 页2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾动副词结构中，名词作宾语，可放在中间或后面，代词作宾语，只能放中间。rubbish 不可数名词rubbish 体积小，破碎的，没有用的废物Could you please take out the rubbish? garbage 厨房丢掉的剩余物garbage collection waste 指任何被遗弃的东西或浪费的东西There is much too waste in this house. 3. fold v.折叠，对折He folded the letter and threw it into the rubbish bin. 他将信件叠起来扔进了垃圾箱里。unfold 展开，打开folder 文件夹4. sweep the floor 扫地floor 地板 &楼层5. throw throw+ 间宾+直宾或 throw+ 宾语 +to+n./pron. throw away 扔掉，抛弃，浪费throw sth. at 向扔某物throw sth. to 扔给某物6. Neither adv. 也不Neither+ 情态动词 /助动词 /be 动词 +主语，是常见的倒装句性，表示后者也不。He can t swim. 他不会游泳。Neither can I. 我也不会。They don t like it. Neither do I. I am not tired. Neither am I. 7. borrow 借，借用borrow vt. 借，借入，借用。borrow from 向借borrow 借入borrow sth. from someplace borrow sth. form sb. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页 共 4 页lend 借出lend sb. sth. lend sth. to sb. I lent it to Lucy yesterday. 8. while conj. 当的时候，与同时while 作连词，意为“当的时候，”可引导时间状语从句，主要形式有：1表示一般的情况，当的时候Could you look after her while we re away? 我们不在的时候，你能照顾她吗？2表示将来的情况， 主句要用将来时， 而从句可用一般现在时或现在进行时，但不用将来时。I ll be kind to him while you are away. 当你不在的时候我会对他好的。3表示过去的情况，谓语动词的形式有几种：a. 主句和从句都用一般过去时。She listened carefully while he read. b. 从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。While I was watching TV, Tom came in. c. 主句和从句都用过去进行时。While I was reading, she was doing some cleaning. when 当在时，引导的从句可表示瞬间或一段时间。 主从句所述的动作，事情可同时发生，也可有先后It was snowing when we went to the cinema. He went home when he had finished his homework. while 正当时， 与同时， 表示同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴随而发生， 常对两类动作进行对比。Some students were reading while others were writing. 9. the earlier, the better 越早，越好the+比较级， the+比较级表示“越越好”10. ill 比较级和最高级分别是worse 和 worst. He s been ill these days and he fell ill last Friday. 他这几天在生病，是上周五生的病。11. drop v. 落下，掉下，降低drop 为动词，其过去式和过去分词都为dropped，现在分词为dropping 常用搭配：drop in 顺便拜访精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页 共 4 页drop in on sb. 顺便某人drop at someplace 顺便拜访某地12. There is no need for them to do it now. 对于他们而言，现在做这件事是没有必要的。There is no need for us to get up early tomorrow because it s Sunday. 因为明天是周日，所以我们没有必要早起。13. do&make do 指做一般的工作，不涉及动作的内容，是做事的总称，也用来代替上文出现过的动作。make 指用一种原材料制作某种成品，也可指整理，冲，泡（茶，咖啡）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - -