2022年人教版英语八年级上册第五单元知识点归纳 .pdf

八年级上册Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?一词的转换1.new（adj.）新的 （n.）news 新闻2. lose lost (vt.) 丢失3.educational （adj.）教育的，有教育意义的（vt.）educate 教育 （n.）education 教育4. successful (adj.) 成功的 （vt.）succeed 成功（n.）success 成功5.unlucky (adj.)不幸的，倒霉的 （adj.）lucky 幸运的 （n.）luck 运气6. lose lost (vt.) 丢失二短语归纳1.think of 认为2. learn from 从获得；向 学习3.find out 查明；弄清楚4. talk show 谈话节目5.game show游戏节目6.soap opera肥皂剧7.go on发生8. watch a movie看电影9.a pair of一双；一对10.try ones best尽某人最大努力11.as famous as 与一样有名12. have a discussion about 就讨论13.one day有一天14.such as例如15.dress up打扮；梳理16.take sb.s place代替；替换 17.do a good job干得好 18.something enjoyable令人愉快的东西19.interesting information 有趣的资料20.one of之一21.look like 看起来像22.around the world全世界23.a symbol of的象征三用法集萃1.let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事2. plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事3.hope to do sth. 希望做某事4.sth happen + 时间、地点某地、某事发生了某事5.expect to do sth. 盼望做某事6.How about doing?做怎么样？7.be ready to do sth. 乐于做某事8. try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事四难点讲解1.I don t mind them. 我不介意它们。mind 此处用作及物动词，意为 “ 介意，反对 ” ，通常用于疑问句，否定句或条件句中，其后可接名词，代词或动词 -ing 形式 。mind (sb/ones) doing sth.介意（某人）做某事We dont mind this heat. 我们不在乎炎热。Do you mind taking care of my cat while I am out? 我外出期间你介意照顾我的猫吗？拓展mind 还可作名词，意为 “ 思想、主意 ” 。Do you want to change your mind? 你想改变你的主意吗？相关短语： change ones mind 改变主意；keep.in mind记住.；never mind不要紧 make up ones mind 决心；决定2.Because I hope to find out what s going on around the world. 因为我希望了解世界各地发生的事。because 连词，意为 “ 因为” ，引导原因状语从句He didnt go to school because he was ill. 他没有上学因为他生病了。hope 动词，意为 “ 希望 ” ，常用于两种结构： hope to do sth. 希望做某事hope + that 从句希望I hope to see your father as soon as possible. 我希望尽快见到你父亲。We hope that you have a good time. 我们希望你过得愉快。(1)辨析： hope 与 wish两者都有 “ 希望” 之意，其区别是：hope 指对实现某一愿望有信心、把握,而且其后不能接宾语wish 常指难以实现或不能实现的愿望，其后可以接宾语即：hope sb. to do sth. ( 错误) wish sb. to do sth （正确）(2)find out 意为“ 查明；弄清楚 ” 。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 辨析 look for，find，find out 这三个词都有 “ 找” 的涵义，但具体用法有别：A. look for 意为“ 寻找 ” ，是有目的地找，强调 “ 寻找 ” 这一动作。如：What are you looking for？你在找什么？Im looking for my bike 我在找我的自行车。B. find 意为“ 找到”“发现” ，强调 “ 找” 的结果，其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如：Did you find Li Ming yesterday ？你昨天找到李明了吗？No，we looked for him everywhere，but didnt find him 没有,我们到处找了 .但没有找到C. find out 着重表示通过理解、 分析、思考、询问等 “ 弄清楚 ”“查明” 一件事情，其后 的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。如：Please find out when the train leaves 请查一下火车什么时候离站。(3)go on 此处意为 “ 发生” ，与 take place 同义 I wonder what was going on . 我想知道发生了什么事？around the world 意为 “ 全世界” ，与 all over the world 同义I think people around the world like sports. 我认为全世界的人都爱好体育。3.Oh , I cant stand them. 哦，我无法忍受它们。Stand 此处用作及物动词，意为“ 忍受” ，通常与 cant 连用，表达对某事物到了不能容忍的程度。cant stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事。I can t stand waiting for people who are late over an hour.I cant stand the hot weather. 我忍受不了这种炎热的天气。What do you think of the talk show? 你认为这个谈话节目怎么样？-I cant stand it. 我无法忍受。拓展 stand 作动词，还可意为 “ 站；站立 ” 。Dont stand there. 不要站在那里。4.I like to follow the story and see what happens next. 我喜欢跟随故事情节了解接下来要发生的事情。happen v. 发生，一般指 偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。sth .+ happens to sb. 某人发生了某事 A traffic accident happened to his elder brother yesterday. sth .+ happens + 地点/时间，意为：某地 /某时发生了某事An accident happened on Park Street. happen v ，表示 “ 碰巧” ，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式to do sth ,表示“ 碰巧做某事 ”.sb. + happens to do sth.某人碰巧 I happened to see my uncle on the street. take place 意为 “ 发生，举行，举办 ” ，一般指非偶然性事件的“ 发生” ，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place in China. The meeting will take place next Friday.5I hope to be a TV reporter one day. 我希望有一天成为一名电视记者。one day 意为“ 有一天 ” 。可以表示过去的某一天，也可以用于表示将来的某一天。One day I met my Chinese teacher on the street.有一天我在街上遇到了我的语文老师。I hope that one day skipping will be an event of the Olympic Games. 我希望有一天跳绳成为奥运会的一个项目。拓展 some day 意为“ 某一天 ” ，表示将来的有一天或日后的某一天。在表示将来某一天时可以与 one day 互换。I will go to see you some day. 日后我会去看你的。6. serious adj. 严肃的，认真的He is a serious man. be serious about sb./sth. 对某人 /某事认真Peter is serious about Jenny. He wants to get married to her. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真Hes serious about selling his house.7.But one very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon. 但是美国文化的一个非常著的标志是卡通片。famous 形容词，意为 “ 著名的 ”辨析：(1).be famous for, 因为 .而出名，后接闻名的原因，与be well-known for 同义。This place is famous for its cotton. 这个地方以出产棉花而出名。(2).be famous as, 作为.而闻名，后接表示职位、 名称等的词， 与 be well-known as 同义. Jet Li is famous as a actor in the world. 李连杰是世界上著名的演员。(3).be famous to, 为.所熟知，后接某部分人。This singer is famous to lots of old people. 许多老人都熟知这位歌手。五.语法归纳：动词不定式做宾语跟不定时作宾语的动词有：打算(intend)计划 (plan)和期盼 (expect/desire)假装 (pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer) 表祝 愿(wish) 决 定(decide)同意 (agree)来 帮 助 (help)设法(manage)说服(persuade) 不拒绝 (refuse)好像(seem/appear) 答应 (promise)做努力 (attempt)选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn)告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起 (afford)find/think/feel+ it + 形容词 +to do 结构（重点记）如：I find it difficult to learn English. 我发现学英语很难。注意：否定形式为 not+ 不定式（ to do）（拓展 1）在动词 remember, try, regret, forget, need/want/require ， stop, mean等后跟动名词 V-和不定式意义不同，巧记一句话（记住努力；后悔忘记；需要停止；很有意义），学习采用对比法1. remember to do something 记着去做某事（现在还没有做）remember doing something记着曾做过某事（以前做过某事）2. try to do something努力、尽力做某事try doing something试着做某事（看能否达到预期的结果）3. stop to do something开始做某事（停下正在做的事，开始做另一事）stop doing something停止做某事（停止正在做的事）4. can t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事小试牛刀 1. The boy decided _in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.A. not to work B. to not work C. not working D. working not2.Would you mind _ the door? Of course not.A. I opening B. me to open C. for me to open D. my opening3. She _ going out for a walk, but Id rather stay at home watching TV.A. wanted B. asked C. hoped D. suggested4After he had worked several hours, he stopped _ a cup of coffee to refresh himselfAto drinkBdrinking CdrinkDdrank 5Although swimming is his favorite sport, yet he doesnt like _ todayAto swimBswimming CswimDto have swim六. another, other, the other, others 与 the others的区别1.another 指不定数目 （三个或三个以上） 中的“ 另一个；又一个 ” ，用来代替或修饰单数数名词。如： Would you like another cup of tea? 你想再来一杯茶吗2.the other通常指 两个中的 “ 另一个 ” ，后也可接名词， 常用的用法有： one the other 。如：She has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 她有两个女儿。一个是教师，另一个是医生。3.other意为“ 另外的；其他的 ” ，后接复数名词 。如We study Chinese, math, English and other lessons. 我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他学科。4.others泛指“ 另外的人或物 ” 常用的用法有： some others 。如：Some like swimming, others like boating. 有些人喜欢游泳。另一些人喜欢划船。5.the others特指某范围内 “ 其余全部的人或物 ” 。如：There are forty books in the box. Ten are mine, the others are my fathers.箱子里有四十本书。其中十本是我的，其余的都是我父亲的。七. be ready to do sth 做好准备做某事后面加动词原形,如: Im ready to have a report tomorrow. 我把明天的演讲准备好了。be/get ready for 是为什么事做准备后面加名词或动词的现在分词形式(ing 形式)，如：Lets get ready for the trip./ Lets get ready for taking the trip.练习题一、单项选择( )1. When do your family watch _ news? We usually watch it before dinner.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )2. Why does Linda like talk shows? She thinks she can learn a lot _ them.A. as B. from C. to D. for ( )3. What did you do last Friday? We had a(n) _ about how to learn English well.A. action B. grade C. character D. discussion( )5. You will be _ in your studies if you always work hard.A. successful B. enough C. meaningless D. loud( )6. John always plays jokes on me and I cant _ him.A. reach B. stand C. know D. wonder( )7. _ kind of movies do you like watching? Action movies.A. Who B. Where C. How D. What( )8. Can you tell me about this accident ( 事故)? Yes, it _ at 3:00 p.m. Three people lost their lives.A. came B. gave C. happened D. picked( )9. Is this your pen? No, it isnt. It _ be Cindys, but Im not sure.A. may B. must C. need D. would( )10. Do you know about Quan Jude? Of course. It is _ its Beijing duck.A. good with B. different from C. famous for D. worried about ( )12. Its so hot today. Jane plans _ swimming after school.A. go B. goes C. going D. to go( )13. Do you like watching sitcoms? _. They are boring.A. Yes, I am B. No, I am not C. Yes, I do D. No, I don t精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 文档编码：KDHSIBDSUFVBSUDHSIDHSIBF-SDSD587FCDCVDCJUH 欢迎下载 精美文档欢迎下载 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -