二语习得学习策略ppt课件.ppt

Leaner strategies好好学习烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Production strategies This section considers the unproblematic use of L2 knowledge.It will present a basic model of production,and then consider specific strategies associated with planning and articulating components of this model 烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人A model of L2 production 烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人 The language user does not necessarily build plans for all the constituents of the proposed utterance.He is likely to alternate between the planning of individual constituents and their execution.Pauses烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人 Littlewood proposed a production model specifically to account for L2 use.Two sets of strategies:minimal strategies and maximal strategies Minimal strategies:early stage of SLA Maximal strategies:later stage of SLA烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人 The skeleton and constituent model also provides a framework for interpreting Sleligers interesting distinction between planners and correctors.The use of planning and correcting strategies is considered in grater detail below烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Planning strategies Semantic simplification:it occurs when the learner simplifies the sentence plan by reducing the propositional elements that are linguistically coded.Linguistic simplification:it involves the omission of form words and affixes.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Correcting strategies It can occur at any of the five stages in the articulation programme in Figue 7.3.It can also occur at higher levels,when it leads to an adjustment in communicative goal or discourse and sentence plans.A means of maximizing existing resources in an easy and efficient manner.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人 Semantic simplification and linguistic simplification are“minimal strategies”used to facilitate easy and effective use of the L2 system.They are planning strategies.Monitoring is a correcting strategies.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Strategies of communication Definition Typology Survey of empirical studies Some comments 烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Defining communication strategies Two key concepts figure in most discussions of communication strategies.These are that they are conscious,and that they are problem-oriented Psycholinguistic perspective:mental phenomena Interaction perspective:attempt to bridge the gap between the linguistic knowledge of the L2 learner and the linguistic knowledge of the learners interlocutor in real communication situations.In general,the psycholinguistic definition is to be preferred.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人Defining communication strategies Communication strategies are psycholinguistic plans which exist as part of the language users communicative competence.They are potentially conscious and serve as substitutes for production plans which the learner is unable to implement.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人The effects of different variables on the use of communication strategies Proficiency level:in general,therefore,L2 learners of limited proficiency prefer either reduction strategies or L1-based achievement strategies while the more advanced learners prefer L2-based achievement strategies such paraphrase.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人 The effects of different variables on the use of communication strategies Effects of problem-resource Effects of personality Effects of learning situation:classroom environment/natural environment 烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人The role of communication strategies in SLA An important issue is to what extent and in what ways they contribute to L2 learning.Faerch and Kasper argue that a basic condition for communication strategies to have a potential learning effect is that they belong to achievement behaviour rather than reduction behavior.Tarone suggest all strategies can help to expand resources.烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人The role of communication strategies in SLA Another issue to do with the role of communication strategies is what aspect of interlanguage development is affected.It maybe the communication strategies aid the acquisition of lexis rather than grammar烧伤病人的治疗通常是取烧伤病人的健康皮肤进行自体移植，但对于大面积烧伤病人来讲，健康皮肤很有限，请同学们想一想如何来治疗该病人The role of communication strategies in SLA The discussion of the role of communication strategies in SLA has necessarily been speculative,as there is little hard research.At the moment,therefore,it is difficult to come to any firm conclusions.