(完整word版)初中英语定语从句.pdf
第第 1919 讲讲_ _定语从句定语从句知识图谱知识图谱-定语从句关系代词关系副词第 19 讲_定语从句错题回顾错题回顾定语从句定语从句知识精讲知识精讲一、定义一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的有关系代词 who,whom,whose,which,that 等和关系副词 where,when,why 等。关系代词和关系副词，既起到连接作用，又在定语从句中担任句子成份。总结定语从句的一般结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。二、关系代词二、关系代词1.关系代词指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，基本用法如下表：关系词关系词作用作用先行词先行词例句例句This is the boy who often helps me.这就是常帮我的那个男孩。主语/宾语I happened to meet the professor(who/whom)I got to know at aparty in the shoppingcenter yesterday.昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇到了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。whom宾语人The man whom you are waiting for hasgone home.你等的那个人已经回家了。who人(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第1页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第1页This is the pen that writes well.这是那支很好写的笔。主语/宾语This is the pen that you want.这是你想要的钢笔。The tallest player that plays football forour team is from Fujian.我们足球队的最高的那个运动员来自福建。The room in which there is a machine isa workshop.which主语/宾语物有个机器的房间是车间。The river which is in front of my houseis very clean.从我家前面流过的河流非常清澈。whose定语人或物The room whose door is blue is mine.蓝色房门的那个房间是我的房间。注意：一般情况下，that 既可以指人又可以指物，可以代替who,whom 和which，在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语；which 指物，在从句中也做主语、宾语或表语，所以 which 和 that 在指物时，大多时候可以互换，如：This is the movie that I like best.=This is the movie which I like best.这就是我最喜欢的电影。2.关系代词的省略一般情况下，关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，且介词在关系代词前，不能省略，如：Ill never forget the day that we spent together.that人或物(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第2页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第2页我永远都不会忘记与你共度的时光。（可省略）Ill never forget the day on whichon which we met each other.我永远不会忘记我们初次见面那一天。（不可省）三、关系副词三、关系副词关系词关系词when作用作用状语先行词先行词时间例句例句Ill never forget the day when I met youfor the first time.我永远不会忘记初次见你的那一天。where状语地点This is the place where we have livedfor 5 years.这就是我们住了五年的地方。why状语原因I dont know the reason why he waslate.我不知道他迟到的原因。注意：注意：与关系代词不同，关系副词在从句中作状语，状语并不是句子必须成分，所以即使没有关系副词，从句的内容也完整。这是关系副词与关系代词最大的不同，也是我们选题的关键。同时，关系副词大多可以拆分成介词+which 的形式，如：This is the house wherewhere Luxun once lived.=This is the house in whichin which Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。三点剖析三点剖析一、考点延伸一、考点延伸(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第3页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第3页我们都知道，若先行词为物，关系词可以用 that 或 which，而且大多数可以互换。但以下几种情况，必须用 that 引导定语从句：1.先行词是不定代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等，如：All that we have to do is to practice English.我们要做的事情就是去练习英语。2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如：The first letter that I got from him will be kept.我收到他的第一封信将会被保存起来。3.先行词被 all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some 等修饰，如：Ive eaten up all the food that you gave me.我把你给我的所有事物都吃光了。4.先行词被 the only,the very,the same,the last 修饰时，如：He is the only person that I want to talk with.他是我唯一想与之交谈的人。5.先行词既有人又有物时，如:They talked about persons and things that they met.他们谈论了他们见到的人和事。(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第4页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第4页二、方法总结二、方法总结定语从句考查形式比较单一，单选一般考关系词的选择。在学习定语从句过程中，我们会发现，关系词的选择往往跟先行词有着很大关联，比如先行词是人往往用“who”或“whom”，先行词为物往往用“which”或“that”等，所以我们很容易根据先行词判断出关系词选谁最合适。初中阶段我们要求会判断定语从句中的关系词，并能在作文中写出简单的定语从句。高中会系统讲解定语从句，所以我们在初中阶段还要了解从句中的各个成分，为之后的学习做好准备。题模精讲题模精讲题模一题模一 关系代词关系代词例 1.1、-What shall we do next?-Take the advice _ is given by Dr.Bloch.A A、whoB B、whichC C、whoseD D、whom例 1.2、The Palace Museum is the best place _ Ive ever visited.A A、whoB B、whenhatC C、tD D、where例 1.3、完成句子1.你有什么要对自己说的吗？Do you have _ _ you want to say for yourself?2.这是我父亲曾经住过的房子。(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第5页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第5页This is a house in _ my father once lived.题模二题模二 关系副词关系副词例 2.1、This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago.A A、whereB B、whenC C、thatD D、which例 2.2、Do you remember the days _ we spent in Sanya?A A、whenB B、thatC C、whatD D、where例 2.3、完成句子你知道他缺席的原因吗？Do you know the reason _ he is absent?随堂练习随堂练习随练 1.1、The book_ is sold out at the moment.A A、you needB B、what you needC C、which you need itD D、that you need it随练 1.2、The second book _ I want to read is Business the Speed ofThought.A A、whichB B、whatC C、thatD D、as随练 1.3、(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第6页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第6页Im one of the boys _ never late for school.A A、that isB B、who areC C、who amD D、who is随练 1.4、完成句子1.人们都喜欢那些有礼貌的人。People all like those _ have good manners.2.这是我障碍寻找的那本书。This is the book _ Im looking for.3.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。This is _ _ interesting _ _ Ive ever seen.4.我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.5.你能告诉我他上班的办公室吗？Can you tell me the office _ he works?随练 1.5、Is this the place _ Lincoln once lived.A A、thatB B、whichC C、whereD D、when随练 1.6、Ill never forget the days _ I stayed with you.A A、whenB B、in which(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第7页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第7页C C、thatD D、for which自我总结自我总结能力拓展能力拓展拓展 1、-Do you know the man _ is talking with your father?-Yes,hes our headmaster.A A、heB B、whoC C、whichD D、whom拓展 2、Is this the river _ I can swim?A A、whichB B、in whichC C、thatD D、the one拓展 3、This is the best hotel in the city _ I know.A A、whereB B、whichC C、thatD D、it拓展 4、Her sister,_ you met at my home,was a teacher of English.A A、whomB B、thatC C、whichD D、who is拓展 5、These books are for students _ mother language is not English.A A、of whomB B、thatC C、whichD D、whose拓展 6、(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第8页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第8页完成句子1.有一些想去海南度假的人。There are some people _ want to have a holiday in Hainan.2.刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么？Whats that _ flashed in the sky just now.3.这是去武汉的最后一趟火车。The train is _ _ _ will go to Wuhan.4.我永远都不会忘记我在北京度过的那些日子。Ill never forget the days _ I spent in Beijing.5.中国是风筝的故乡，从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。China is the birthplace of kites,from _ kite flying spreads toJapan,Korea,Thailand and India.(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第9页(完整word版)初中英语定语从句-第9页
