山东省菏泽市巨野县2021-2022学年高考考前模拟英语试题含解析.pdf
2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第 一 部 分（共 20小题，每小题1.5 分，满 分 30分）1.It is the bus driver who should the safety of the passengers.A.answer for B.search for C.stand for D.go for2.Why are you in such a hurry,Bob?Mother told me I be home by 9:00 pm,or she will be worried.A.must B.mightC.can D.may3.Muir succeeds other designers have failedher clothes are Original,yet stylish.A.that B.what C.which D.where4.Sorry,sir.I follow you.Would you please speak slower?Ok.A.cantB.mustnt C.shouldnt D.neednt5.By serving others,a person focuses on someone other than himself or h e r s e l f,c a n be very eye-opening andrewarding.A.who B.whichC.whatD.that6.Some tourists9 visiting Tian anmen Square during the holiday left a of litter everywhere they went.A.trail B.dotC.chain D.track7.Our company is seeking for a manager,especially with creativity and imagination.A.the one B.eachC.one D.that8.That children meet with setbacks is a matter of necessity as t he y,so parents dont worry about that.A.shall;grew up B.must；grew up C.can;grow up D.will;grow up9.Dont defend him any more.Its obvious that he destroyed the fence of the garden even without anapology.A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily10.When was you last met Jennifer?I havent seen her for ages.A.it thatB.itC.it whatD.what11.He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.A.that B.whichC.where D.what12.The president stood by a window inside the r oom,I entered,looking over the square.A.where B.into whichC.which D.that13.Encourage your children to try new things,but try not to them too hard.A.draw B.strikeC.rush D.push14.The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day get a big prize.A.must B couldC.would D.shall15.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help you year ahead.A.sharpen B.switchC.stretch D.shape16.The world is not always we wish it to be.A.that B.whichC.what D.where17.Since the match is over;we can by travelling and stop thinking about basketball.A.dive in B.switch offC.pull out D.split up18.amazed us greatly was that Linda could speak five languages.A.ThatB.What C.Which D.Why19.Why do many students stick to private tutoring they could easily master such knowledge at school?A.unless B.before C.after D.when20.You can never be when crossing the street.A.very careful B.too careful C.carefully enough D.enough careful第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21.（6 分）Parents tend to favour children of one sex in certain situations or so evolutionary biologists tell us.A new study used colored backpack sales data to show that parental wealth may influence spending on sons differentfrom daughters.In 1973 biologist Robert Trivers and computer scientist Dan Willard published a paper suggesting that parentsinvest（投入）more resources,such as food and effort,in male children when times are good,and in female children whentimes are bad.According to the Trivers-Willard hypothesis（假说）,a son given lots of resources can become a gentleman but parents with few resources tend to invest them in daughters,who generally find it easier to be a fair maiden.Studying parental investment after birth is difficult,however.The new study looked for a standard of measurementof such investment that met several criteria:it shouldnt be affected by sex differences in the need for resources;itshould measure investment rather than outcomes;and it should be objective.Study author Shige Song,a sociologist at Queens College,City University of New York,examined spending on pinkand blue backpacks purchased in China in 2015 from a large retailer;JD.com.He narrowed the data to about 5,000bags:blue backpacks bought by families known to have at least one boy and pink ones bought by families known tohave at least one girl.The results showed that wealthier families spent more on blue than pink backpacks suggestinggreater investment in sons.Poorer families spent more on pink packs than blue ones.The findings were published inEvolution and Human Behavior.Songs evidence for the Trivers-Willard hypothesis is“indirect”but“pretty convincing/9 says Rosemary Hopcroft,asociologist at the.University of North Carolina at Charlotte,who was not connected with the new study.Hopcroftreported in 2016 that U.S.fathers with high-status occupations were more likely to send their sons to private schoolthan their daughters,while fathers with lower-status jobs more often enrolled their female children.Although the newstudy does not prove the families were buying the blue backpacks for boys and pink ones for girls,Hopcroft notes that“its a clever and interesting paper,and its a rather unusual use of big data.”1、What does the writer intend to do in Paragraph 2?A.Introduce an earlier study.B.Identify childrens needs.C.Assess the influence of a study.D.Explore into parental investment.2、What offers a challenge for the new study?A.The investment meeting several criteria.B.The measurement of eventual outcomes.C.Different demands for resources between sexes.D.Consistent standards in measuring parental investment.3、What can be learned from Songs research?A.The new study was done in 2015.B.Big data was sampled for research.C.Preference was offered to consumers.D.Blue packs were favored over pink ones.4、Which of the following is likely to match Hopcroffs remark on Songs research?A.Ifs entertaining.B.Ifs well-designed.C.Its unbelievable.D.Its unusual.22.（8 分）When Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes 6tfinding solutions to real problems,it was hard to imaginethis dynamic 11-year-old girl could settle a problem that has escaped scientists for years.In just three months,Rao came up with a device（装置）that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently usedto reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water.Inspired by the current litigation（诉讼）in Flint,Michigan,a case ofwater pollution from 2014 to 2015,Rao designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named Americas TopYoung Scientist for 2017.Rao had been following the water problem for about two years.She was amazed by the number of people affectedby lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change this.Gitanjali spent months trying to convince localhigh schools and colleges to give her lab time to continue her experiment.At home,Gitanjali worked on her project inthe science room”she asked her parents to create for her.Rao has created a device that uses three parts:a cartridge,aBluetooth reader and an app.To put it simply,the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes（纳米管）that react to lead.Thisreaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader,which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately ifyour water is safe to drink.Rao appropriately named the device Tethys after the Greek goddess of fresh water;and is hoping to make a littleimprovement to get the device on the market.While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our agingpipelines,lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development.With Rao believing that the“purpose ofscience is to make a difference,her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the UnitedStates.1、What do we know about Rao device?A.Its cheap and quick.B.Ifs cheap and inaccurate.C.Ifs expensive and reliable.D.Its portable and time-consuming.2、What made Rao have the idea of designing the device?A Her parents9 suggestions.B.The name of the Greek goddess.C.Her interest in settling real problems.D.The water pollution litigation in Flint.3 What do the carbon nanotubes function as?A.Sending immediate signals.B.Recording the reaction results.C.Detecting the presence of lead.D.Showing the water quality results.4、What does the author think of Raos invention?A.It will lead Rao to make a fortune.B.It will help millions of Americans drink safe water.C.It will promote the development of science in America.D.It will soon settle the lead-polluted problem thoroughly.23.（8 分）Tracking Shots:This Week in FilmThe Incomparable Rose HartmanQuad CinemaSaturday to SundayIt is a gorgeously shot,sharply edited portrait of photographer Hartman,who in the 1970s and 1980s hauntedStudio 54.Hartman made a career of capturing fashion designers,models,musicians,and movie stars in half-guardedmoments,somewhere between unaware and aping for the lens.ChurchillAngelika Film CenterMonday to TuesdayTwentieth centurys most awesome leader,a man whose history includes two world wars!But what happens whenthe story being told feels emotionally false and factually bogus?Churchill,a new drama starring the great Brian Cox,isso full of movie cliches that ifs sometimes hard not to giggleand oneshould never laugh at the prime minister.Handsome DevilCinema VillageThursday to FridayThe Ireland of the teen film Handsome Devil is a place where young boys are encouraged to do only one thing:playrugby.If rugby isnt your thing,or if you dig things that arent rugby-related,youre immediately dismissed as gay.Thafs unfortunately the case for the main character-ginger-haired Ned.Indeed,its more like a coining of age filmthan a comedy.Past LifeLandmark SunshineWednesdayAlthough Past Life is based on real events,Avi Neshers latest film plays unapologetically like melodrama（情节剧）一a bit too much at times.Its insistence that guilt-ridden Baruch Milch can recite to his daughters,more than thirtyyears later;every single word he wrote in a notebook while hiding from the Nazis in Poland during World War II strainscredulity.1、Which film may interest people who like taking pictures?A.ChurchillB.Past LifeC.Handsome DevilD.The Incomparable Rose Hartman2、Where can the audience go to enjoy a comedy this week?A.Quad CinemaB.Angelika Film CenterC.Cinema VillageD.Landmark Sunshine3、What do we know about the film Past life?A.It is fictional.B.It was shown on weekend.C.Avi Nesher was the main character.D.It was concerned with the life of Jewish.24.（8 分）A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore（NUS）has found a clear linkbetween the color of a taxi and its accident rate.An analysis of 32 months of detailed taxi,driver and accident data fromtwo fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis.Thehigher visibility（能见度）of yellow makes it less difHcult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis,leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Prof Ho.To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the numberof accidents the taxi had,the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore.Theresearchers found that yellow taxis have about 2.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow.The Singapore taxicompany involved in the study owns about 12,300 taxis in a ratio（比例）of one yellow to three blue taxis.If a commercialdecision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis,32.2 fewer accidents will occur per month or 913 fewer accidentsper year.Assuming an average repair cost of$1,000 per car and a downtime of six days,the color of all taxis to yellow couldproduce an annual saving of$2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate（证实）the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other typesof public transport,such as school buses.For example,we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school busesagainst those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses.Besides,were also interested tolook at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors.”ExplainedProf Ho.1、Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?A.Because yellow can be seen more easily.B.Because yellow signals a warning of danger.C.Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.D.Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.2、Whats Prof Hos study based on?A.Physical risks taxi passengers experience.B.The economic effect of changing taxi color.C.Data from Singapores largest taxi company.D.Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.3、What do Prof Hos words in the last paragraph suggest?A.School buses should be painted yellow.B.Their findings are worth popularizing.C.Their study will be furthered.D.Yellow should be widely used in public transport.4 What can be the best title for the text?A.Caution:yellow taxis ahead B.Safer to ride in yellow taxisC.Why are yellow taxis preferred?D.How can colors help prevent accidents?25.（10 分）A 60-year-old homeless woman named Smokie has been sleeping outside in the dirt a few doorsdown from a man named Elvis Summers.Most mornings,she stops by Elviss Los Angeles apartment and asks if he has any recyclable materials for her.Through these conversations,they struck up a friendship.One morning,Elvis saw a news article about man in Oakland who has been making tiny houses out of desertedmaterials.He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the wood and hardware to make Smokie a brandnew shelter it took him five days to build it,and now,for the first time in ten years,Smokie a brand new shelter.It tookhim five days to build it,and now,for the first time in ten years,Smokie has a place to hang the sign.Home SweetHome”.“I had nowhere to really build it,so I just built it in the street outside of my apartment/9 Elvis told Good NewsNetwork.The local LAPD police have been super cool,and have told me they support itas long as we move it to adifferent spot every 72 hours.”He made this pretty time lapse（延时的）video showing how he did it.The materials,including two locks on the frontdoor and strong wheels for moving it around,cost him about$500.Ive met so many homeless people,good people,“Elvis said in an email,“Since I built Smokie9s,Pve had severalpeople asking me to make them a tiny home and its turned into much more than just the one house I wanted to build.”Although he runs an online retail store that sells EDM clothes,he has decided to launch an ambitious project tofund more shelters.He plants to get lighter and cheaper materialswithout sacrificing the strength of the house-forthe next round.Rick Sassen,a branch manager,kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokie house,final items Elvis couldiTt afford on his own.Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future building materials for thesame cause.1、What is the meaning of the underlined words“struck up“in paragraph 2?A.Kept on.B.Established.C.Gave out.D.Accomplished.2、Where did Elviss inspiration to build a tiny house come from?A.A news report.B.A science book.C.A fiction story.D.An advertisement.3、What is the main feature of the tiny house?A.It is air-conditioned.B.It is very light.C.It can move around.D.It has no roof.4、What can be inferred about Elvis from the last paragraph?A.He will get help from
