2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国甲卷）.pdf

2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国甲卷）a语篇语境阂;等 埋 将 石 裒A卷 声词数难度阅读理解A人与社会矍圜傍海流牺喙剧跷2 7 5 +5 6 阅读理解B人与自然凤头鹦鹉与人类二岁幼儿在识别形状能力的对比说明文2 3 7+1 3 0 阅读理解C人与自我Ginni Bazlinton 的一次终生难忘的南极之旅记叙文3 0 0 +9 8 阅读理解D人与社会不同的人对悉尼发展过程中不同文化冲突的见解夹叙夹议3 3 1 +1 3 2 阅读七选五人与社会不同国家的餐桌礼仪说明文2 0 9 +8 0 完形填空人与自然作者因狗与男士相识、相知和相爱记叙文2 4 9 语法填空人与社会盲人男子徒步经历记叙文1 8 9 短文改错人与社会作者和父亲的关系记叙文1 0 4 书面表达人与自然海洋保护征文比赛应用文1 0 0（左右）语篇解读语篇体裁应用文主题语境人与社会艺术评析剧院特色关键词T h e a t r e s,E n t e r t a i n m e n t,S t D a v i d s H a l l,T h e G l e e C l u b,S h e n n a n C y m r u,N e w T h e a t r e主旨概要介绍了英国C a r d犷的四家剧院各自的特色百科知识加的夫（C a r d#）：又译作卡迪夫。英国西南部的重要港口和工业、服务业中心，威尔士首府。位于布里斯托尔湾北岸，塔夫河口。城市人口 3 4.6 1万（2 0 1 1年），临近威尔士南部煤田。二十世纪初曾是世界最大的煤炭输出港。市内现代化街道、建筑物与旧式街道、古老教堂并存。有国家博物馆、威尔士民族博物馆；城西有航空站。St Davids Hall：屡获殊荣的威尔士国家音乐厅，内有2 000个座位。还是一年一度的W a l e s P r o m s的主办场地，适合流行，摇滚，民间，爵士等多种音乐会类型。The Glee CI必 是一组现场喜剧、音乐和特别活动场所。我们是单口喜剧的发源地，经常有比尔的混合周末秀和大牌明星的个人秀巡回演出。我们还举办鼓舞人心的音乐演唱会、口头交流活动以及歌舞表演和滑稽表演。Sherman Cymrut谢尔曼剧院位于加的夫的国泰区。1973年，在加的夫大学的资助下,它被建成了一个双厅场馆。New Theatre：新剧院是威尔士首府加的夫的主要剧院之一。它位于市中心公园广场,靠近国泰公园。原文出处本文选自2014年至2015年发行的英国威尔士卡迪夫城市旅游手册。语言知识重难点词impressive adj.令人印象深刻的;annual adj.一年一度的；alike adv.同样地；name vt.说出.的名字;quality adj.高质量的；pick n.最佳选择；reopen u f.复工-的 萌 L 试题分析L 咕 出、洼 曰-重难点词块is home to.的所在地；the very Heart of.在 的中心；along w ith.连同；the very best.最好的.；premier edy club 总理喜剧俱乐部；a packed programme of.丰富的节目长难句分析This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children,artists,writersand anyone else have the opportunity（机会）to do creative things.（Paragraph 3）本句是一个复合句，主句是：This special building is a place；定语从句是：in which theatreis made；定语从句是：and where children,artists,writers and anyone else have theopportunity（机会）to do creative things oTheatres and EntertainmentSt Davids HallSt Davids Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiffsentertainment centre.With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall,St Davids Hall is home to the annual WelshProms Cardiff.It presents live entertainment,including pop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,world music,filmsand classical music.The Hayes,Cardiff CF 10 1 AHThe Glee ClubEvery weekend this is“Wales premier edy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences andedy stars alike.It is hard to name a edy star who hasnt been on the stage here.If you are looking for the best edieson tour and brilliant live music,you should start here.Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF 10 5 BZSherman CymruSherman Cymrus theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012.This special building is aplace in which theatre is made and where children,artists,writers and anyone else have the opportunity（机会）todo creative things.Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre,dance,familyshows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.Senghennydd Road,Cardiff CF 24 4 YENew TheatreThe New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,musicals,dance and childrens shows for more than 100years.Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows,the New Theatre isCardiff9s oldest surviving traditional theatre.Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.Park Place,Cardiff CF 10 3 LN1.Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?A.At the New Theatre.C.At Sherman Cymru.2.What can people do at the Glee Club?A.Watch musicals.C.See family shows.B.At the Glee Club.D.At St Davids HalLB.Enjoy edies.D.Do creative things.3.Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiffs oldest surviving theatre?【答案】l.D 2.B 3.A【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“St David;s Hall”部分中的St Davids Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff（StDavids Hall 是 Cardiff一年一度的 Welsh Proms 的举办地）“可知,Cardiff 的 Welsh Proms 活动在 St David5s Hall举办。故选D。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的If you are looking for the best edies on tour and brilliant livemusic,you should start here（如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始）“可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选B。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“New Theatre”部分中的The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,musicians,dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years（100 多年来，New Theatre 一直是优质戏剧、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地）以及其下面的网站可知，可以在网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。阅读理解IB篇解设语篇解读语篇体裁主题语境关键词说明文人与自然自然生态生物与人的智力对比Goffins cockatoos,shape-recognition abilities,human主旨概要文章主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉与人类二岁幼儿在识别形状能力的对比。百科知识Goffin cockatoos：戈芬凤头鹦鹉，也被称为塔宁巴凤头鹦鹉，是所有白色凤头鹦鹉中最小的。它们的头到尾长约12英寸。这些Goffin凤头鹦鹉也是白色的，眼睛和喙周围有鲤鱼色的羽毛。|JUf原文出处原文来自BBC Earth发表于2018年的一篇杂志文章。原文链接：语言知识重难点词trial-and-error n.反复试验；keyhole n.钥匙孔；insert以插入重难点词块Native to 原产于某地；shape-recognition abilities 形状识别能力；differently sh叩ed keys 形状各异的钥匙；lei o u t放掉；choose from从中选择；similar t o与.相似；rely entirely on完全依赖；in most cases大部分情况下；workout找.的答案；visual clues视觉线索;use a sense of touch 使用触觉长难句分析In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age,but itwill be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical（对称的）shapes.这是一个并列句，由加并列前后两句，前句是一个主谓宾的简单句：In humans,babies canput a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age；后句是由 before 引导的主从复合句：主句部分是：i t will be another year；从句部分是：they are able io do the same with lesssymmetrical（对称的）shapes QThis ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before itwill fit is called an allocentric frame of reference”.这 由 后 置 定 语 修 饰 的 系 表 结 构。系表结构是：This ability is called an allocentricframe of reference 后置定语部分是：to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in aspecific direction before it will fitx 当中嵌套了一个 that 引导的宾语从句：that a shape willneed to be turned in a specific direction before it will fitoGoffins cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,have been shown to have similarshape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds haveproved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment,cockatoos were presented with a box with anut inside it.The clear front of the box had a“keyhole”in a geometric shape,and the birds were given fivedifferently shaped keys to choose from.Inserting the correct key”would let out the nut.In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age,but it will be anotheryear before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical（对称的）shapes.This ability to recognize that ashape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an 44allocentric frame of reference.Inthe experiment,Goffins cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job,in most cases,by visual recognitionalone.Where trial-and-error was used,the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.This indicates thatGoffins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space,similar totwo-year-old babies.The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visualclues（线索）,or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.4.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A.By following instructions.B.By using a tool.C.By turning the box around.D.By removing the lid.5.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely plete according to the text?A.Using a key to unlock a door.B.Telling parrots from other birds.C.Putting a ball into a round hole.D.Grouping toys of different shapes.6.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?A.How far they are able to see.B.How they track moving objects.C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.7.Which can be a suitable title for the text?D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.A.Cockatoos:Quick Error CheckersB.Cockatoos:Independent LearnersC.Cockatoos:Clever Signal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters【答案】4.B 5.C 6.D 7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild,the birds have proved skilful at tool usewhile kept in the cage.（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具）以及the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choose from.Inserting,the correct“keys”would let out the nut.（研究人员给了这些鸟5 把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来）”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans,babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里）”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里 的任务。故选Co【6 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step,according to the researchers,is to try and work out whether thecockatoos rely entirely on visual clues,or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.（根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）”可推知,后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选Do【7 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffins cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,havebeen shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似）可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos:Skilful Shape-Sorters（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）“符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选Do阅读理解C 篇解设原文出处原文链接：语言知识重难点词kick-start v.最后一分钟才完成的；紧要关头的重难点词块fly the nest 独立生活；take the plunge 决定冒险尝试；leave an impressive on s b.给某人留下印象；prehistoric creature史前生物；hit hom e使人豁然省悟These gentle,lovely gatekeepers weled her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginniwould never forget.（Paragraph 1）写作句型句意：这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎她，并开始了吉妮永远不会忘记的旅程。When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it wastime to take the plunge.(Paragraph 3)句意：当她从舞蹈中退休，她的儿子们最终独立生活的时候，她决定是时候冒险了。试题分析As GinniBazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins（企鹅）longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers weled her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni wouldnever forget.Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout her career（职业）as aprofessional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing andher sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,Ginni began to travel the world,eventuallygetting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheapdeals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego,the southernmost tip of the South Americanmainland.just decided wanted to go,she says.I had no idea about what Td find there and I wasnt nervous,I justwanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008,Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed never met before,to begin the journey towardsAntarctica.44From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the whole experience was amazing.Antarctica left animpression on me that no other place has,“Ginni says.I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale;it just roseout of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operaticsounds it was making underwater.The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggest things that hit hometo Ginni.8.Which of the following best explains take the plunge underlined in paragraph 2?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring back lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.9.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A.Lovely penguins.B.Beautiful scenery.C.A discount fare.D.A friend invitation.10.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?A.It could be a home for her.B.It should be easily accessible.C.It should be well preserved.11 What is the text mainly about?A.A childhood dream.C.Sailing around the world.【答案】8.A 9.C 10.C 11.AD.It needs to be fully introduced.B.An unforgettable experience.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。【8 题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中，她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）”和“When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活）”可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组take theplunge与 try challenging things”尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。故选A。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on shipsgoing to Antarctica from the islands offTieradel Fuego.（正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船只）“可知，是一张折扣票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of thebiggest things that hit home to Ginni.（意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。）”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71 has had a deep love for travel.（今年 71 岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了 71岁的GinniBalinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。由此可知，A childhood dream.（童年的梦想）能够概括文章主旨。故选A。阅读理解B篇解读语篇解读语篇类型主题语境关键词主旨概要夹叙夹议文人与社会社会与文化社会进步Sydney,Australia,Andrew Reynolds,change and progress,years本文主要介绍了不同的人对悉尼发展过程中不同文化冲突的见解catamaran双体船是一种多壳船艇，具有两个同等大小的平行船体。这是一种几何稳定的船舶，其稳定性来自于其宽横梁，而不是像单体船那样来自压载龙骨。双体船通常比同等长度的单体船具有更小的船体体积、更小的排水量和更浅的吃水深度。两个船体组合起来的水动力阻力通常也比可比的单体船体小，需要更少的帆或发动机的推进功率。语言知识与单体船相比,百科知识 少尾迹。双体船在水面上的较宽姿态可以减少横倾和波浪引起的运动，并可以减重难点词pilot U驾驶,领航 试题分析重难点词块one after another 一个接一个；back and forth 来回地Shirley Fitzgerald,the citys official historian,told me that in its rush to modernity in the1970s,Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings.长难句分析这是一个主从复合句。其中主句部分是：Shirley Fitzgerald told me that-,宾语从句部分是：Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings 两个逗号中间是同位语：the city s official historian。Sometime in the early 1960s,a significant thing happened in Sydney,Australia.The city discovered its harbor.Then,one after another,Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there-broad parks,superb beaches,and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds,a cheerful fellow in his early 30s,pilots Sydney ferryboats fbr a living.I spent the wholemorning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut down the engine,and we wentour separate ways-he for a lunch break,I to explore the city.Ill miss these old boats,“he said as we parted.“How do you mean?”I asked.“Oh,theyre replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans arc faster,but theyre not so elegant,and theyre notfiin to pilot.But thats progress,I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days,change and progress are the watchwords（口 号），and traditions areincreasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citys official historian,told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,Sydney swept aside much of its past,including many of its finest buildings.Sydney is confused about itself?shesaid.We cant seem to make up our minds whether we want a modem city or a traditional one.Its a conflict that wearent getting any better at resolving（解决）On the other hand,being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this when I met athoughtful young businessman na